AIM:To evaluate the characteristics of exotropia(XT)and motor-sensory outcomes after surgical correction and to determine the factors associated with sensory outcomes of XT surgery.METHODS:The medical records of all p...AIM:To evaluate the characteristics of exotropia(XT)and motor-sensory outcomes after surgical correction and to determine the factors associated with sensory outcomes of XT surgery.METHODS:The medical records of all patients that were diagnosed with XT and underwent strabismus surgery in 13 major government hospitals in Thailand;from January 2012 to December 2019,were retrospectively reviewed.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify factors related to binocular vision.RESULTS:Data of five hundred and thirty-seven patients were analyzed.Two hundred and twenty-six patients were men(42.1%).The median age of onset was 3 years old[Interquartile range(IQR):1,8].The median age at diagnosis was 9.21 years old(IQR;4.64,21.06).intermittent exotropia[X(T)]was the most common type(52.1%);19.5%of the patients had amblyopia.For refractive error,spherical equivalent refraction on right eye(RE)and left eye(LE)were-0.53±2.45 diopters(D)(range-14.88 to+10 D)and-0.48±2.37 D(range-19.50 to+7.75 D),respectively.The mean angle of deviation at distance and near before surgery were 42.06±14.91 prism diopters(PD)and 40.81±16.09 PD,respectively.Follow-up time after first operation was 2.48±2.27y.Four hundred sixtytwo patients(86%)needed only one operation and 299(55.6%)patients had bilateral lateral rectus recession.At final visit,the mean angles of deviation at distance and near decreased to 5.76±8.96 PD and 5.01±8.73 PD,respectively.After surgery,two hundred seventy-three patients(50.8%)were evaluated for binocular function,but the others did not have result.From multivariable logistic regression in 273 patients,the factors related to better binocular function were type of XT which was X(T)[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)10.35;95%CI:4.73,22.66]compared to constant XT,without amblyopia(aOR 3.97;95%CI:1.84,8.53),underwent only single operation compared with more than 1 operation(aOR 3.80,95%CI:1.58,9.16),the angle of deviation at near in last visit less than 10 PD better than 10–30 PD with aOR 0.42(95%CI:0.18,0.96)and type of refraction revealed isometropia better than anisometropia with aOR 4.13(95%CI:1.19,14.32).CONCLUSION:The surgical outcomes of XT within one operation in Thailand is 86%.The factors related to achieve binocular function includes type of XT as X(T),without amblyopia,angle of deviation at final visit less than 10 PD,isometropia type of refraction and underwent only one surgical correction.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the relationship between early postoperative deviation and long-term outcome after unilateral recession and resection surgery for adult exotropia, and to evaluate exotropic shift after surgery.METHOD...AIM： To evaluate the relationship between early postoperative deviation and long-term outcome after unilateral recession and resection surgery for adult exotropia, and to evaluate exotropic shift after surgery.METHODS： This was a retroprospective study involving adult patients with exotropia who underwent unilateral recession and resection surgery and were followed up for at least 2 y. The results were evaluated at 2 y and the final visit. Factors influencing a successful outcome were analyzed. Early postoperative deviation at 1 wk was used to evaluate relationship with long-term outcome. The longterm outcome was classified into 3 groups： successful, acceptable, and poor. Successful outcome was defined as a distance deviation between esodeviation 8 prism diopters（PD） and exodeviation 10 PD.RESULTS： Forty-two patients were enrolled. The mean age at surgery was 26 y（range, 15-49 y）. The median follow-up period was 30 mo（range, 24-108 mo）. Successful outcome was found in 81% of patients at 2 y and in 71% at the final visit. Overcorrection at 1 wk postoperatively was associated with a successful outcome at 2 y. Initial postoperative alignment between orthotropia and esodeviation of 8 PD had the highest chance of a successful outcome（RR=2.2）. The mean postoperative exotropic drift was 4.7 PD at the first month and 9.3 PD at 2 y.CONCLUSION： Initial postoperative deviation can predict long-term outcome after unilateral recession and resection surgery for adult exotropia. The most desirable outcome at 1 wk post-operatively was orthotropia to small esodeviation. Most patients have exotropic drift at a subsequent follow-up, especially in the first month after surgery.展开更多
文摘AIM:To evaluate the characteristics of exotropia(XT)and motor-sensory outcomes after surgical correction and to determine the factors associated with sensory outcomes of XT surgery.METHODS:The medical records of all patients that were diagnosed with XT and underwent strabismus surgery in 13 major government hospitals in Thailand;from January 2012 to December 2019,were retrospectively reviewed.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify factors related to binocular vision.RESULTS:Data of five hundred and thirty-seven patients were analyzed.Two hundred and twenty-six patients were men(42.1%).The median age of onset was 3 years old[Interquartile range(IQR):1,8].The median age at diagnosis was 9.21 years old(IQR;4.64,21.06).intermittent exotropia[X(T)]was the most common type(52.1%);19.5%of the patients had amblyopia.For refractive error,spherical equivalent refraction on right eye(RE)and left eye(LE)were-0.53±2.45 diopters(D)(range-14.88 to+10 D)and-0.48±2.37 D(range-19.50 to+7.75 D),respectively.The mean angle of deviation at distance and near before surgery were 42.06±14.91 prism diopters(PD)and 40.81±16.09 PD,respectively.Follow-up time after first operation was 2.48±2.27y.Four hundred sixtytwo patients(86%)needed only one operation and 299(55.6%)patients had bilateral lateral rectus recession.At final visit,the mean angles of deviation at distance and near decreased to 5.76±8.96 PD and 5.01±8.73 PD,respectively.After surgery,two hundred seventy-three patients(50.8%)were evaluated for binocular function,but the others did not have result.From multivariable logistic regression in 273 patients,the factors related to better binocular function were type of XT which was X(T)[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)10.35;95%CI:4.73,22.66]compared to constant XT,without amblyopia(aOR 3.97;95%CI:1.84,8.53),underwent only single operation compared with more than 1 operation(aOR 3.80,95%CI:1.58,9.16),the angle of deviation at near in last visit less than 10 PD better than 10–30 PD with aOR 0.42(95%CI:0.18,0.96)and type of refraction revealed isometropia better than anisometropia with aOR 4.13(95%CI:1.19,14.32).CONCLUSION:The surgical outcomes of XT within one operation in Thailand is 86%.The factors related to achieve binocular function includes type of XT as X(T),without amblyopia,angle of deviation at final visit less than 10 PD,isometropia type of refraction and underwent only one surgical correction.
基金Supported by the Ratchadapiseksompoch Fund (No.RA57/046)
文摘AIM： To evaluate the relationship between early postoperative deviation and long-term outcome after unilateral recession and resection surgery for adult exotropia, and to evaluate exotropic shift after surgery.METHODS： This was a retroprospective study involving adult patients with exotropia who underwent unilateral recession and resection surgery and were followed up for at least 2 y. The results were evaluated at 2 y and the final visit. Factors influencing a successful outcome were analyzed. Early postoperative deviation at 1 wk was used to evaluate relationship with long-term outcome. The longterm outcome was classified into 3 groups： successful, acceptable, and poor. Successful outcome was defined as a distance deviation between esodeviation 8 prism diopters（PD） and exodeviation 10 PD.RESULTS： Forty-two patients were enrolled. The mean age at surgery was 26 y（range, 15-49 y）. The median follow-up period was 30 mo（range, 24-108 mo）. Successful outcome was found in 81% of patients at 2 y and in 71% at the final visit. Overcorrection at 1 wk postoperatively was associated with a successful outcome at 2 y. Initial postoperative alignment between orthotropia and esodeviation of 8 PD had the highest chance of a successful outcome（RR=2.2）. The mean postoperative exotropic drift was 4.7 PD at the first month and 9.3 PD at 2 y.CONCLUSION： Initial postoperative deviation can predict long-term outcome after unilateral recession and resection surgery for adult exotropia. The most desirable outcome at 1 wk post-operatively was orthotropia to small esodeviation. Most patients have exotropic drift at a subsequent follow-up, especially in the first month after surgery.
