Invasion, spread and predominance of alien invasive fishes were studied in 950-km-long stretch of the Yamuna River. The fish yield ranged between 32 t/km/yr to 240 t/km/yr and the catch of alien invasive fishes domina...Invasion, spread and predominance of alien invasive fishes were studied in 950-km-long stretch of the Yamuna River. The fish yield ranged between 32 t/km/yr to 240 t/km/yr and the catch of alien invasive fishes dominated over local fishes in the fishery, which was over 96% at Etawah. The calculated Invasion Coefficient Index (Ixi) of alien invasive fishes was in the range of 0.12 to 0.31 indicating a major loss to the local fish diversity. The calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found to have positive correlation of 0.757 and 0.710 for common carp and tilapia respectively with locally captured Indian major carps (IMC). The results of this study highlighted how unintentional spread of alien invasive fishes due to rapid aquaculture diversification and intensification has invaded into the Yamuna River causing severe loss to the local fishery. The invasion of alien fishes has been mapped for the Yamuna River at different locations using GIS tools. The results of this study invite attention on the management and sustainability of the local fishery and ecosystem health of the river.展开更多
DRDE-07,a newly synthesized amifostine analog currently under clinical investigation in a phase I trial,is a potent antidote against sulfur mustard toxicity.The purpose of this research was to evaluate the pharmacokin...DRDE-07,a newly synthesized amifostine analog currently under clinical investigation in a phase I trial,is a potent antidote against sulfur mustard toxicity.The purpose of this research was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of DRDE-07 in female Swiss Albino mice after a single oral dose of 400 or 600 mg/kg.The physicochemical properties of DRDE-07,including solubility,pK a,Log P,plasma protein binding and plasma/blood partitioning,were determined to support the pharmacokinetic characterization.DRDE-07 concentration was determined by an HPLC-UV method.The profile of plasma concentration versus time was analyzed using a non-compartmental model.Plasma protein binding was assessed using ultrafiltration.DRDE-07 appeared rapidly in plasma after oral administration with peak plasma levels(C max)observed in less than 15 min.There was a rapid decline in the plasma levels followed by a smaller second peak about 90 min after dosing.The plasma protein binding of DRDE-07 was found to be less than 25%at all concentrations studied.Plasma clearance of DRDE-07 is expected to be?1.5 fold higher than the blood clearance of DRDE-07.The probable metabolite of DRDE-07 was identified as phenyl-S-ethyl amine.展开更多
文摘Invasion, spread and predominance of alien invasive fishes were studied in 950-km-long stretch of the Yamuna River. The fish yield ranged between 32 t/km/yr to 240 t/km/yr and the catch of alien invasive fishes dominated over local fishes in the fishery, which was over 96% at Etawah. The calculated Invasion Coefficient Index (Ixi) of alien invasive fishes was in the range of 0.12 to 0.31 indicating a major loss to the local fish diversity. The calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficient was found to have positive correlation of 0.757 and 0.710 for common carp and tilapia respectively with locally captured Indian major carps (IMC). The results of this study highlighted how unintentional spread of alien invasive fishes due to rapid aquaculture diversification and intensification has invaded into the Yamuna River causing severe loss to the local fishery. The invasion of alien fishes has been mapped for the Yamuna River at different locations using GIS tools. The results of this study invite attention on the management and sustainability of the local fishery and ecosystem health of the river.
文摘DRDE-07,a newly synthesized amifostine analog currently under clinical investigation in a phase I trial,is a potent antidote against sulfur mustard toxicity.The purpose of this research was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of DRDE-07 in female Swiss Albino mice after a single oral dose of 400 or 600 mg/kg.The physicochemical properties of DRDE-07,including solubility,pK a,Log P,plasma protein binding and plasma/blood partitioning,were determined to support the pharmacokinetic characterization.DRDE-07 concentration was determined by an HPLC-UV method.The profile of plasma concentration versus time was analyzed using a non-compartmental model.Plasma protein binding was assessed using ultrafiltration.DRDE-07 appeared rapidly in plasma after oral administration with peak plasma levels(C max)observed in less than 15 min.There was a rapid decline in the plasma levels followed by a smaller second peak about 90 min after dosing.The plasma protein binding of DRDE-07 was found to be less than 25%at all concentrations studied.Plasma clearance of DRDE-07 is expected to be?1.5 fold higher than the blood clearance of DRDE-07.The probable metabolite of DRDE-07 was identified as phenyl-S-ethyl amine.
