BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP) is rapid-onset pancreatic inflammation that causes local and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) with high morbidity and mortality, but no approved therapies are currently a...BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP) is rapid-onset pancreatic inflammation that causes local and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) with high morbidity and mortality, but no approved therapies are currently available. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1(PSGL-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein to initiate inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that PSGL-1 may be involved in the development of AP and would be a new target for the treatment of AP.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of PSGL-1 in the development of AP.METHODS The PSGL-1 expression on leukocytes was detected in peripheral blood of AP patients and volunteers. Pancreatic injury, inflammatory cytokines expression, and inflammatory cell infiltration was measured in AP mouse models induced with PSGL-1 knockout(PSGL-1-/-) and wild-type(PSGL-1+/+) mice. Leukocyteendothelial cell adhesion was measured in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)-endothelial cell coculture system.RESULTS The expression of PSGL-1 on monocytes and neutrophils was significantly increased in AP patients. Compared with PSGL-1+/+ mice, PSGL-1-/-AP mice induced by caerulein exhibited lower serum amylase, less Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) expression, less neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, and reduced peripheral neutrophil and monocyte accounts. PSGL-1 deficiency alleviated leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion via IL-6 but not IL-1 beta.CONCLUSION PSGL-1 deficiency effectively inhibits the development of AP by preventing leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion via IL-6 stimulation and may become a potential therapeutic target for treating AP.展开更多
BACKGROUND In recent years,numerous reports have been published regarding the relationship between the gut microbiota and the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME).However,to date,no systematic study has been conducted ...BACKGROUND In recent years,numerous reports have been published regarding the relationship between the gut microbiota and the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME).However,to date,no systematic study has been conducted on the relationship between gut microbiota and the TIME using bibliometric methods.AIM To describe the current global research status on the correlation between gut microbiota and the TIME,and to identify the most influential countries,research institutions,researchers,and research hotspots related to this topic.METHODS We searched for all literature related to gut microbiota and TIME published from January 1,2014,to May 28,2024,in the Web of Science Core Collection database.We then conducted a bibliometric analysis and created visual maps of the published literature on countries,institutions,authors,keywords,references,etc.,using CiteSpace(6.2R6),VOSviewer(1.6.20),and bibliometrics(based on R 4.3.2).RESULTS In total,491 documents were included,with a rapid increase in the number of publications starting in 2019.The country with the highest number of publications was China,followed by the United States.Germany has the highest number of citations in literature.From a centrality perspective,the United States has the highest influence in this field.The institutions with the highest number of publications were Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Zhejiang University.However,the institution with the most citations was the United States National Cancer Institute.Among authors,Professor Giorgio Trinchieri from the National Institutes of Health has the most local impact in this field.The most cited author was Fan XZ.The results of journal publications showed that the top three journals with the highest number of published papers were Frontiers in Immunology,Cancers,and Frontiers in Oncology.The three most frequently used keywords were gut microbiota,tumor microenvironment,and immunotherapy.CONCLUSION This study systematically elaborates on the research progress related to gut microbiota and TIME over the past decade.Research results indicate that the number of publications has rapidly increased since 2019,with research hotspots including“gut microbiota”,“tumor microenvironment”and“immunotherapy”.Exploring the effects of specific gut microbiota or derived metabolites on the behavior of immune cells in the TIME,regulating the secretion of immune molecules,and influencing immunotherapy are research hotspots and future research directions.展开更多
随着信息技术在自然资源数字化场景领域的广泛应用,信息安全的重要性日益凸显。聚焦商用密码技术在自然资源数字化场景中的应用实践,深入剖析其关键作用与现实意义。通过调研分析、技术研究及实地验证等方法,详细阐述了透明加解密、软...随着信息技术在自然资源数字化场景领域的广泛应用,信息安全的重要性日益凸显。聚焦商用密码技术在自然资源数字化场景中的应用实践,深入剖析其关键作用与现实意义。通过调研分析、技术研究及实地验证等方法,详细阐述了透明加解密、软件开发工具包(Software Development Kit,SDK)集成等关键商用密码技术在自然资源数字化场景中的实践应用。研究表明,SM2、SM3、SM4、SM9等算法,以及数据库透明加密、安全认证网关等技术在保障用户身份认证、数据存储与传输安全等方面成效显著,有效提升了自然资源数字化场景统一服务平台的安全性与合规性,为商用密码技术在自然资源数字化应用场景中的深入应用提供了系统与实践经验,有望推动该领域信息安全水平的进一步提升。展开更多
SHP2 is the first identified oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase that promotes colorectal cancer(CRC)progression,and it is consistently overexpressed in CRC.It facilitates CRC oncogenesis by mediating downstream signaling ...SHP2 is the first identified oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase that promotes colorectal cancer(CRC)progression,and it is consistently overexpressed in CRC.It facilitates CRC oncogenesis by mediating downstream signaling cascades of receptor tyrosine kinases,including the RAS/ERK,JAK/STAT,and PI3K/AKT pathways,which are clinically associated with poor prognosis.Furthermore,SHP2 orchestrates immunosuppressive signaling networks by impairing cytotoxic T cell infiltration and changing the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Targeting SHP2 represents a dual therapeutic strategy in CRC:It concurrently regulates RTK signaling and reprograms the immunosuppressive TME.SHP2 inhibitors,administered both as monotherapy and in combination regimens,have advanced into clinical trial phases.Consequently,SHP2 serves as both a molecular target for precision oncology and an immunomodulatory node,positioning it as a high-priority candidate for CRC treatment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Partial hepatectomy continues to be the primary treatment approach for liver tumors,and post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)remains the most critical lifethreatening complication following surgery.AIM To co...BACKGROUND Partial hepatectomy continues to be the primary treatment approach for liver tumors,and post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)remains the most critical lifethreatening complication following surgery.AIM To comprehensively review the PHLF prognostic models developed in recent years and objectively assess the risk of bias in these models.METHODS This review followed the Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline.Three databases were searched from November 2019 to December 2022,and references as well as cited literature in all included studies were manually screened in March 2023.Based on the defined inclusion criteria,articles on PHLF prognostic models were selected,and data from all included articles were extracted by two independent reviewers.The PROBAST was used to evaluate the quality of each included article.RESULTS A total of thirty-four studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis.Nearly all of the models(32/34,94.1%)were developed and validated exclusively using private data sources.Predictive variables were categorized into five distinct types,with the majority of studies(32/34,94.1%)utilizing multiple types of data.The area under the curve for the training models included ranged from 0.697 to 0.956.Analytical issues resulted in a high risk of bias across all studies included.CONCLUSION The validation performance of the existing models was substantially lower compared to the development models.All included studies were evaluated as having a high risk of bias,primarily due to issues within the analytical domain.The progression of modeling technology,particularly in artificial intelligence modeling,necessitates the use of suitable quality assessment tools.展开更多
The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nano...The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nanoalloy(IrPt)supported on lanthanum and nickel co-doped cobalt oxide,featuring a core-shell architecture with an amorphous IrPtOx shell and an IrPt core.This catalyst exhibits exceptional bifunctional activity for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic media,achieving 2 A cm^(-2)at 1.72 V in a PEMWE device with ultralow loadings of 0.075 mgIr cm^(-2)and 0.075 mgPt cm^(-2)at anode and cathode,respectively.It demonstrates outstanding durability,sustaining water splitting for over 646 h with a degradation rate of only 5μV h^(-1),outperforming state-of-the-art Ir-based catalysts.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations reveal that the optimized charge redistribution between Ir and Pt,along with the IrPt core-IrPtOx shell structure,enhances performance.The Ir-O-Pt active sites enable a bi-nuclear mechanism for oxygen evolution reaction and a Volmer-Tafel mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction,reducing kinetic barriers.Hierarchical porosity,abundant oxygen vacancies,and a high electrochemical surface area further improve electron and mass transfer.This work offers a cost-effective solution for green hydrogen production and advances the design of highperformance bifunctional catalysts for PEMWE.展开更多
BACKGROUND Early symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are not obvious,and more than 70%of which does not receive radical hepatectomy,when first diagnosed.In recent years,molecular-targeted drugs combined with immu...BACKGROUND Early symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are not obvious,and more than 70%of which does not receive radical hepatectomy,when first diagnosed.In recent years,molecular-targeted drugs combined with immunotherapy and other therapeutic methods have provided new treatment options for middle and advanced HCC(aHCC).Predicting the effect of targeted combined immunotherapy has become a hot topic in current research.AIM To explore the relationship between nodule enhancement in hepatobiliary phase and the efficacy of combined targeted immunotherapy for aHCC.METHODS Data from 56 patients with aHCC for magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid were retrospectively collected.Signal intensity of intrahepatic nodules was measured,and the hepatobiliary relative enhancement ratio(RER)was calculated.Progression-free survival(PFS)of patients with high and low reinforcement of HCC nodules was compared.The model was validated using receiver operating characteristic curves.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to explore factors influencing the efficacy of targeted immunization and PFS.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the RER,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and prognostic nutritional index were significantly associated with the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with immunotherapy(P<0.05).The area under the curve of the RER for predicting the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with anti-programmed death 1 antibody in patients with aHCC was 0.876(95%confidence interval:0.781-0.971,P<0.05),the optimal cutoff value was 0.904,diagnostic sensitivity was 87.5%,and specificity was 79.2%.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio<5,plateletto-lymphocyte ratio<300,prognostic nutritional index<45,and RER<0.9 significantly improved PFS.CONCLUSION AHCC nodules enhancement in the hepatobiliary stage was significantly correlated with PFS.Imaging information and immunological indicators had high predictive efficacy for targeted combined immunotherapy and were associated with PFS.展开更多
As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL pow...As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.展开更多
High entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted much attention for their excellent mechanical properties stem-ming from diverse deformation mechanisms.Particularly,face-centered cubic(FCC)to body-centered cu-bic(BCC)martensit...High entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted much attention for their excellent mechanical properties stem-ming from diverse deformation mechanisms.Particularly,face-centered cubic(FCC)to body-centered cu-bic(BCC)martensitic transformation is crucial for enhancing the strength and plasticity of HEAs,partic-ularly at cryogenic temperatures.However,the fundamental atomic mechanism underlying martensitic transformation remains elusive,and the impact of martensitic transformation on the mechanical prop-erties of HEAs at room temperature is unknown.Here,we report in situ atomic-scale observation of a reversible martensitic transformation from FCC to body-centered tetragonal(BCT)and ultimately back to FCC in the nanostructured CrMnFeCoNi HEA at room temperature under deformation.This martensitic transformation is completed by the synergistic action of 90°partial dislocations slip on(111)FCC plane and atom shuffling,involving the periodic arrangement and slip of two 90°half Shockley partial disloca-tions a/12[112](111)and one 90°Shockley partial dislocation-a/6[112](111)on three successive(111)FCC atomic planes.Additionally,the reversible phase transformation induced by high stress dissipates strain energies and hinders crack propagation,thereby enhancing the fracture toughness of HEAs.Our findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the martensitic transformation mechanisms in HEAs,offering valuable insights for improving their mechanical properties.展开更多
CrCoNi medium entropy alloy(MEA)fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)benefits from its distinctive hierarchical microstructure and has great potential as a structural material.However,while the intriguing chemic...CrCoNi medium entropy alloy(MEA)fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)benefits from its distinctive hierarchical microstructure and has great potential as a structural material.However,while the intriguing chemical short-range order(CSRO)widely exists in high/medium entropy alloys,its formation in the LPBF-built samples still lacks enough understanding.In this study,we verified its existence by fine transmission electron microscopy characterizations and utilized hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the features and effects of CSRO in LPBF-built CrCoNi MEA(AM model).Results showed that the CSRO fraction and the stacking fault energy of the AM model lie between those of the well-annealed and random solid solution counterparts.Among these models,the AM model exhibited the best strain hardening ability due to its highest capability to generate and store sessile dislocations.The results agreed well with existing data and provide guidance to the future development of LPBF-built CrCoNi MEA.展开更多
The leakage occurs during operation of the dam in Liuhuanggou reservoir. It’s a threat to the safety of the people’s lives and property in downstream. In order to eliminate the hidden danger of reservoir, ensure the...The leakage occurs during operation of the dam in Liuhuanggou reservoir. It’s a threat to the safety of the people’s lives and property in downstream. In order to eliminate the hidden danger of reservoir, ensure the safety of the dam, play better the function of flood control and water storage of the reservoir etc., we apply the 3D electrical resistivity tomography detecting technology and volume rendering image processing technology, make the measurement in field, process the data and combine the field survey to find out the leakage channels inside the dam. The results show that the 3D resistivity images appear the low resistivity zone corresponding with the leakage channels. There are two main leakage channels that come from different location inside the dam. It is feasible to diagnose the leakage in earth rock-fill dam by applying 3D electrical resistivity tomography.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81670387,No. 31671440,and No. 81800402。
文摘BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP) is rapid-onset pancreatic inflammation that causes local and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) with high morbidity and mortality, but no approved therapies are currently available. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1(PSGL-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein to initiate inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that PSGL-1 may be involved in the development of AP and would be a new target for the treatment of AP.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of PSGL-1 in the development of AP.METHODS The PSGL-1 expression on leukocytes was detected in peripheral blood of AP patients and volunteers. Pancreatic injury, inflammatory cytokines expression, and inflammatory cell infiltration was measured in AP mouse models induced with PSGL-1 knockout(PSGL-1-/-) and wild-type(PSGL-1+/+) mice. Leukocyteendothelial cell adhesion was measured in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)-endothelial cell coculture system.RESULTS The expression of PSGL-1 on monocytes and neutrophils was significantly increased in AP patients. Compared with PSGL-1+/+ mice, PSGL-1-/-AP mice induced by caerulein exhibited lower serum amylase, less Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1 beta) and Interleukin-6(IL-6) expression, less neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, and reduced peripheral neutrophil and monocyte accounts. PSGL-1 deficiency alleviated leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion via IL-6 but not IL-1 beta.CONCLUSION PSGL-1 deficiency effectively inhibits the development of AP by preventing leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion via IL-6 stimulation and may become a potential therapeutic target for treating AP.
基金Supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Project,No.21010504300Shanghai Jiading District Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Specialty Construction Project,No.2020-JDZYYZDZK-01.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,numerous reports have been published regarding the relationship between the gut microbiota and the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME).However,to date,no systematic study has been conducted on the relationship between gut microbiota and the TIME using bibliometric methods.AIM To describe the current global research status on the correlation between gut microbiota and the TIME,and to identify the most influential countries,research institutions,researchers,and research hotspots related to this topic.METHODS We searched for all literature related to gut microbiota and TIME published from January 1,2014,to May 28,2024,in the Web of Science Core Collection database.We then conducted a bibliometric analysis and created visual maps of the published literature on countries,institutions,authors,keywords,references,etc.,using CiteSpace(6.2R6),VOSviewer(1.6.20),and bibliometrics(based on R 4.3.2).RESULTS In total,491 documents were included,with a rapid increase in the number of publications starting in 2019.The country with the highest number of publications was China,followed by the United States.Germany has the highest number of citations in literature.From a centrality perspective,the United States has the highest influence in this field.The institutions with the highest number of publications were Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Zhejiang University.However,the institution with the most citations was the United States National Cancer Institute.Among authors,Professor Giorgio Trinchieri from the National Institutes of Health has the most local impact in this field.The most cited author was Fan XZ.The results of journal publications showed that the top three journals with the highest number of published papers were Frontiers in Immunology,Cancers,and Frontiers in Oncology.The three most frequently used keywords were gut microbiota,tumor microenvironment,and immunotherapy.CONCLUSION This study systematically elaborates on the research progress related to gut microbiota and TIME over the past decade.Research results indicate that the number of publications has rapidly increased since 2019,with research hotspots including“gut microbiota”,“tumor microenvironment”and“immunotherapy”.Exploring the effects of specific gut microbiota or derived metabolites on the behavior of immune cells in the TIME,regulating the secretion of immune molecules,and influencing immunotherapy are research hotspots and future research directions.
文摘随着信息技术在自然资源数字化场景领域的广泛应用,信息安全的重要性日益凸显。聚焦商用密码技术在自然资源数字化场景中的应用实践,深入剖析其关键作用与现实意义。通过调研分析、技术研究及实地验证等方法,详细阐述了透明加解密、软件开发工具包(Software Development Kit,SDK)集成等关键商用密码技术在自然资源数字化场景中的实践应用。研究表明,SM2、SM3、SM4、SM9等算法,以及数据库透明加密、安全认证网关等技术在保障用户身份认证、数据存储与传输安全等方面成效显著,有效提升了自然资源数字化场景统一服务平台的安全性与合规性,为商用密码技术在自然资源数字化应用场景中的深入应用提供了系统与实践经验,有望推动该领域信息安全水平的进一步提升。
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Youths,No.QN25H160012Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan,No.2023RC006.
文摘SHP2 is the first identified oncogenic tyrosine phosphatase that promotes colorectal cancer(CRC)progression,and it is consistently overexpressed in CRC.It facilitates CRC oncogenesis by mediating downstream signaling cascades of receptor tyrosine kinases,including the RAS/ERK,JAK/STAT,and PI3K/AKT pathways,which are clinically associated with poor prognosis.Furthermore,SHP2 orchestrates immunosuppressive signaling networks by impairing cytotoxic T cell infiltration and changing the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages within the tumor microenvironment(TME).Targeting SHP2 represents a dual therapeutic strategy in CRC:It concurrently regulates RTK signaling and reprograms the immunosuppressive TME.SHP2 inhibitors,administered both as monotherapy and in combination regimens,have advanced into clinical trial phases.Consequently,SHP2 serves as both a molecular target for precision oncology and an immunomodulatory node,positioning it as a high-priority candidate for CRC treatment.
基金Supported by The Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project,No.2021ZD0140406.
文摘BACKGROUND Partial hepatectomy continues to be the primary treatment approach for liver tumors,and post-hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)remains the most critical lifethreatening complication following surgery.AIM To comprehensively review the PHLF prognostic models developed in recent years and objectively assess the risk of bias in these models.METHODS This review followed the Checklist for Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline.Three databases were searched from November 2019 to December 2022,and references as well as cited literature in all included studies were manually screened in March 2023.Based on the defined inclusion criteria,articles on PHLF prognostic models were selected,and data from all included articles were extracted by two independent reviewers.The PROBAST was used to evaluate the quality of each included article.RESULTS A total of thirty-four studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis.Nearly all of the models(32/34,94.1%)were developed and validated exclusively using private data sources.Predictive variables were categorized into five distinct types,with the majority of studies(32/34,94.1%)utilizing multiple types of data.The area under the curve for the training models included ranged from 0.697 to 0.956.Analytical issues resulted in a high risk of bias across all studies included.CONCLUSION The validation performance of the existing models was substantially lower compared to the development models.All included studies were evaluated as having a high risk of bias,primarily due to issues within the analytical domain.The progression of modeling technology,particularly in artificial intelligence modeling,necessitates the use of suitable quality assessment tools.
基金supported by overseas Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under contract No.22Z990204807Natural Sciences—Basic Research Special Zone Program provided by shanghai government under contract No.22Z511203738+3 种基金Key Open Fund Project provided by Shaoxing New Energy and Molecular Engineering Research Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University under contract No.22H010103236Sinopec Natural Science research project provided by Sinopec research institute of petroleum processing under contract No.23H010100026support from National Science Foundation of China(22309113)Scientific and Technological Project of Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory(YPML20240502029).
文摘The development of highly efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts with minimal precious metal usage is critical for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE).We present an iridium-platinum nanoalloy(IrPt)supported on lanthanum and nickel co-doped cobalt oxide,featuring a core-shell architecture with an amorphous IrPtOx shell and an IrPt core.This catalyst exhibits exceptional bifunctional activity for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in acidic media,achieving 2 A cm^(-2)at 1.72 V in a PEMWE device with ultralow loadings of 0.075 mgIr cm^(-2)and 0.075 mgPt cm^(-2)at anode and cathode,respectively.It demonstrates outstanding durability,sustaining water splitting for over 646 h with a degradation rate of only 5μV h^(-1),outperforming state-of-the-art Ir-based catalysts.In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations reveal that the optimized charge redistribution between Ir and Pt,along with the IrPt core-IrPtOx shell structure,enhances performance.The Ir-O-Pt active sites enable a bi-nuclear mechanism for oxygen evolution reaction and a Volmer-Tafel mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction,reducing kinetic barriers.Hierarchical porosity,abundant oxygen vacancies,and a high electrochemical surface area further improve electron and mass transfer.This work offers a cost-effective solution for green hydrogen production and advances the design of highperformance bifunctional catalysts for PEMWE.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,No.242300421286the research and practice project of higher education reform in Henan Province,No.2023SJGLX124Ythe research and practice project of higher education reform of Zhengzhou University,No.2023ZZUJGXM114.
文摘BACKGROUND Early symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are not obvious,and more than 70%of which does not receive radical hepatectomy,when first diagnosed.In recent years,molecular-targeted drugs combined with immunotherapy and other therapeutic methods have provided new treatment options for middle and advanced HCC(aHCC).Predicting the effect of targeted combined immunotherapy has become a hot topic in current research.AIM To explore the relationship between nodule enhancement in hepatobiliary phase and the efficacy of combined targeted immunotherapy for aHCC.METHODS Data from 56 patients with aHCC for magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid were retrospectively collected.Signal intensity of intrahepatic nodules was measured,and the hepatobiliary relative enhancement ratio(RER)was calculated.Progression-free survival(PFS)of patients with high and low reinforcement of HCC nodules was compared.The model was validated using receiver operating characteristic curves.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to explore factors influencing the efficacy of targeted immunization and PFS.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the RER,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and prognostic nutritional index were significantly associated with the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with immunotherapy(P<0.05).The area under the curve of the RER for predicting the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with anti-programmed death 1 antibody in patients with aHCC was 0.876(95%confidence interval:0.781-0.971,P<0.05),the optimal cutoff value was 0.904,diagnostic sensitivity was 87.5%,and specificity was 79.2%.Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio<5,plateletto-lymphocyte ratio<300,prognostic nutritional index<45,and RER<0.9 significantly improved PFS.CONCLUSION AHCC nodules enhancement in the hepatobiliary stage was significantly correlated with PFS.Imaging information and immunological indicators had high predictive efficacy for targeted combined immunotherapy and were associated with PFS.
文摘As cataract surgery progresses from “restoration of sight” to “refractive correction”, precise prediction of intraocular lens (IOL) power is critical for enhancing postoperative visual quality in patients. IOL power calculation methods have evolved and innovated throughout time, from early theoretical and regression formulas to nonlinear formulas for estimating effective lens position (ELP), multivariable formulas, and innovative formulas that use optical principles and AI-based online formulas. This paper thoroughly discusses the development and iteration of traditional IOL calculation formulas, the emergence of new IOL calculation formulas, and the selection of IOL calculation formulas for different patients in the era of refractive cataract surgery, serving as a reference for “personalized” IOL implantation in clinical practice.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52173224,52130105)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.21ZR1431200)+2 种基金Shanghai Jiao Tong University-JA Solar New Energy Materials Joint Research Center.Shufen Chu is supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742218)Fan Zhang is supported by the National Key Lab-oratory Foundation of Science and Technology on Materials under Shock and Impact(No.WDZC2022-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China((No.52271141).
文摘High entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted much attention for their excellent mechanical properties stem-ming from diverse deformation mechanisms.Particularly,face-centered cubic(FCC)to body-centered cu-bic(BCC)martensitic transformation is crucial for enhancing the strength and plasticity of HEAs,partic-ularly at cryogenic temperatures.However,the fundamental atomic mechanism underlying martensitic transformation remains elusive,and the impact of martensitic transformation on the mechanical prop-erties of HEAs at room temperature is unknown.Here,we report in situ atomic-scale observation of a reversible martensitic transformation from FCC to body-centered tetragonal(BCT)and ultimately back to FCC in the nanostructured CrMnFeCoNi HEA at room temperature under deformation.This martensitic transformation is completed by the synergistic action of 90°partial dislocations slip on(111)FCC plane and atom shuffling,involving the periodic arrangement and slip of two 90°half Shockley partial disloca-tions a/12[112](111)and one 90°Shockley partial dislocation-a/6[112](111)on three successive(111)FCC atomic planes.Additionally,the reversible phase transformation induced by high stress dissipates strain energies and hinders crack propagation,thereby enhancing the fracture toughness of HEAs.Our findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the martensitic transformation mechanisms in HEAs,offering valuable insights for improving their mechanical properties.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB4602102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51971144)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.19ZR1425200)。
文摘CrCoNi medium entropy alloy(MEA)fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)benefits from its distinctive hierarchical microstructure and has great potential as a structural material.However,while the intriguing chemical short-range order(CSRO)widely exists in high/medium entropy alloys,its formation in the LPBF-built samples still lacks enough understanding.In this study,we verified its existence by fine transmission electron microscopy characterizations and utilized hybrid Monte Carlo/molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the features and effects of CSRO in LPBF-built CrCoNi MEA(AM model).Results showed that the CSRO fraction and the stacking fault energy of the AM model lie between those of the well-annealed and random solid solution counterparts.Among these models,the AM model exhibited the best strain hardening ability due to its highest capability to generate and store sessile dislocations.The results agreed well with existing data and provide guidance to the future development of LPBF-built CrCoNi MEA.
文摘The leakage occurs during operation of the dam in Liuhuanggou reservoir. It’s a threat to the safety of the people’s lives and property in downstream. In order to eliminate the hidden danger of reservoir, ensure the safety of the dam, play better the function of flood control and water storage of the reservoir etc., we apply the 3D electrical resistivity tomography detecting technology and volume rendering image processing technology, make the measurement in field, process the data and combine the field survey to find out the leakage channels inside the dam. The results show that the 3D resistivity images appear the low resistivity zone corresponding with the leakage channels. There are two main leakage channels that come from different location inside the dam. It is feasible to diagnose the leakage in earth rock-fill dam by applying 3D electrical resistivity tomography.
