Copper(Cu)pollution has raised global environmental concern due to its persistence and toxicity.Numerous studies have shown that the imbalance of Cu metabolism is closely related the neurodegenerative diseases.Previou...Copper(Cu)pollution has raised global environmental concern due to its persistence and toxicity.Numerous studies have shown that the imbalance of Cu metabolism is closely related the neurodegenerative diseases.Previous study exposited that excessive Cu participating in neurotoxic mechanism through oxidative stress,protein misfolding,mitochondrial malfunction,autophagy dysregulation,and apoptosis.However,the mechanism of neurotoxicity of Cu is still inconclusive.In this study,Caenorhabditis eleganswas used to investigate the acute Cu exposure on the nervous system and the possiblemechanism.Initially,0.01-10 mg/L Cu exposure inhibited locomotion behavior,and that 1-10mg/L decreased the sensory behavior in C.elegans.Subsequently,dopaminergic,glutamatergic,GABAergic and cholinergic neurons were destroyed,as well as the decreased expression of neurotransmitters after Cu exposure.Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that locomotion behaviors were positively correlated with the health of the dopaminergic,glutamatergic,GABAergic and cholinergic neurons.In addition,Cu exposure promoted the formation of oxidative stress.Study showed Cu significantly promoted nuclear localization of SKN-1,but inhibited that of DAF-16 in C.elegans.Further evidence showed skn-1mutants and daf-16 mutants weremore sensitiveness to Cu-induced behavioral defect.Meanwhile,the regulatory effects of SKN-1 and DAF-16 on downstream genes were blocked in skn-1 mutants and daf-16 mutants.Cu regulated the expression of downstream genes sod-3,ctl-1,gcs-1 and gst-4 through transcription factors SKN-1 and DAF-16,in response to Cu-induced neurotoxicity.Thus,the present study contributes to the understanding of the potential neurotoxicity of acute exposure to Cu in C.elegans.展开更多
Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles(FWID-EV)endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve vehicle performance.This paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system(ASS)to e...Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles(FWID-EV)endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve vehicle performance.This paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system(ASS)to enhance the vehicle’s longitudinal and vertical motion control performance.While the nonlinear characteristic of the tire model leads to a relatively heavier computational burden.To facilitate the controller design and ease the load,a half-vehicle dynamics system is built and simplified to the linear-time-varying(LTV)model.Then a model predictive controller is developed by formulating the objective function by comprehensively considering the safety,energy-saving and comfort requirements.The in-wheel motor efficiency and the power loss of tire slip are treated as optimization indices in this work to reduce energy consumption.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through the rapid-control-prototype(RCP)test.The results demonstrate the enhancement of the energy-saving as well as comfort on the basis of vehicle stability.展开更多
A large-scale fine-grained Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy plate with high strength and ductility was successfully prepared by multi-pass friction stir processing(MFSP)technology in this work.The structure of grains and long peri...A large-scale fine-grained Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy plate with high strength and ductility was successfully prepared by multi-pass friction stir processing(MFSP)technology in this work.The structure of grains and long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase were characterized,and the mechanical properties uniformity was investigated.Moreover,a quantitative relationship between the microstructure and tensile yield strength was established.The results showed that the grains in the processed zone(PZ)and interfacial zone(IZ)were refined from 50μm to 3μm and 4μm,respectively,and numerous original LPSO phases were broken.In IZ,some block-shaped 18R LPSO phases were transformed into needle-like 14H LPSO phases due to stacking faults and the short-range diffusion of solute atoms.The severe shear deformation in the form of kinetic energy caused profuse stacking fault to be generated and move rapidly,greatly increasing the transformation rate of LPSO phase.After MFSP,the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation to failure of the large-scale plate were 367 MPa,305 MPa and 18.0% respectively.Grain refinement and LPSO phase strengthening were the major strengthening mechanisms for the MFSP sample.In particularly,the strength of IZ was comparable to that of PZ because the strength contribution of the 14H LPSO phase offsets the lack of grain refinement strengthening in IZ.This result opposes the widely accepted notion that IZ is a weak region in MFSP-prepared large-scale fine-grained plate.展开更多
In the reversed field pinch(RFP),plasmas exhibit various self-organized states.Among these,the three-dimensional(3D)helical state known as the“quasi-single-helical”(QSH)state enhances RFP confinement.However,accurat...In the reversed field pinch(RFP),plasmas exhibit various self-organized states.Among these,the three-dimensional(3D)helical state known as the“quasi-single-helical”(QSH)state enhances RFP confinement.However,accurately describing the equilibrium is challenging due to the presence of 3D structures,magnetic islands,and chaotic regions.It is difficult to obtain a balance between the available diagnostic and the real equilibrium structure.To address this issue,we introduce KTX3DFit,a new 3D equilibrium reconstruction code specifically designed for the Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX)RFP.KTX3DFit utilizes the stepped-pressure equilibrium code(SPEC)to compute 3D equilibria and uses polarimetric interferometer signals from experiments.KTX3DFit is able to reconstruct equilibria in various states,including axisymmetric,doubleaxis helical(DAx),and single-helical-axis(SHAx)states.Notably,this study marks the first integration of the SPEC code with internal magnetic field data for equilibrium reconstruction and could be used for other 3D configurations.展开更多
This paper aims to develop an automatic miscalibration detection and correction framework to maintain accurate calibration of LiDAR and camera for autonomous vehicle after the sensor drift.First,a monitoring algorithm...This paper aims to develop an automatic miscalibration detection and correction framework to maintain accurate calibration of LiDAR and camera for autonomous vehicle after the sensor drift.First,a monitoring algorithm that can continuously detect the miscalibration in each frame is designed,leveraging the rotational motion each individual sensor observes.Then,as sensor drift occurs,the projection constraints between visual feature points and LiDAR 3-D points are used to compute the scaled camera motion,which is further utilized to align the drifted LiDAR scan with the camera image.Finally,the proposed method is sufficiently compared with two representative approaches in the online experiments with varying levels of random drift,then the method is further extended to the offline calibration experiment and is demonstrated by a comparison with two existing benchmark methods.展开更多
During interventional surgeries of implantable cardiovascular devices in addressing cardiovascular diseases(CVD),the inevitable tissue damage will trigger host inflammation and vascular lumen injury,leading to delayed...During interventional surgeries of implantable cardiovascular devices in addressing cardiovascular diseases(CVD),the inevitable tissue damage will trigger host inflammation and vascular lumen injury,leading to delayed re-endothelization and intimal hyperplasia.Endowing cardiovascular implants with anti-inflammatory and endothelialization functions is conducive to the target site,offering significant tissue repair and regeneration benefits.Herein,inspired by the snake’s molting process,a ShedWise device was developed by using the poly(propylene fumarate)polyurethane(PPFU)as the foundational material,which was clicked with hyperbranched polylysine(HBPL)and followed by conjugation with pro-endothelial functional Arg-Glu-Asp-Val peptide(REDV),and finally coated with a“self-sacrificing”layer having reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging ability and degradability.During the acute inflammation in the initial stage of implantation,the ROS-responsive hyperbranched poly acrylate-capped thioketone-containing ethylene glycol(HBPAK)coating effectively modulated the level of environmental inflammation and resisted initial protein adsorption,showcasing robust tissue protection.As the coating gradually“sacrificed”,the exposed hyperbranched HBPL-REDV layer recruited specifically endothelial cells and promoted surface endothelialization.In a rat vascular injury model,the ShedWise demonstrated remarkable efficiency in reducing vascular restenosis,protecting the injured tissue,and fostering re-endothelization of the target site.This innovative design will introduce a novel strategy for surface engineering of cardiovascular implants and other medical devices.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,ele...Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,electromagnetic shielding eff ect,good machinability,and recyclability.Friction stir processing(FSP)is a severe plastic deformation technique,based on the principle of friction stir welding.In addition to introducing the basic principle and advantages of FSP,this paper reviews the studies of FSP in the modification of the cast structure,superplastic deformation behavior,preparation of finegrained Mg alloys and Mg-based surface composites,and additive manufacturing.FSP not only refines,homogenizes,and densifies the microstructure,but also eliminates the cast microstructure defects,breaks up the brittle and network-like phases,and prepares fine-grained,ultrafine-,and nano-grained Mg alloys.Indeed,FSP significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloys and achieves low-temperature and/or high strain rate superplasticity.Furthermore,FSP can produce particle-and fiber-reinforced Mg-based surface composites.As a promising additive manufacturing technique of light metals,FSP enables the additive manufacturing of Mg alloys.Finally,we prospect the future research direction and application with friction stir processed Mg alloys.展开更多
Current works of environmental perception for connected autonomous electrified vehicles(CAEVs)mainly focus on the object detection task in good weather and illumination conditions,they often perform poorly in adverse ...Current works of environmental perception for connected autonomous electrified vehicles(CAEVs)mainly focus on the object detection task in good weather and illumination conditions,they often perform poorly in adverse scenarios and have a vague scene parsing ability.This paper aims to develop an end-to-end sharpening mixture of experts(SMoE)fusion framework to improve the robustness and accuracy of the perception systems for CAEVs in complex illumination and weather conditions.Three original contributions make our work distinctive from the existing relevant literature.The Complex KITTI dataset is introduced which consists of 7481 pairs of modified KITTI RGB images and the generated LiDAR dense depth maps,and this dataset is fine annotated in instance-level with the proposed semi-automatic annotation method.The SMoE fusion approach is devised to adaptively learn the robust kernels from complementary modalities.Comprehensive comparative experiments are implemented,and the results show that the proposed SMoE framework yield significant improvements over the other fusion techniques in adverse environmental conditions.This research proposes a SMoE fusion framework to improve the scene parsing ability of the perception systems for CAEVs in adverse conditions.展开更多
In this study, the fine-grained Mg–Li alloy was prepared by friction stir processing(FSP). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the frictionstir-processed(FSPed) Mg–Li alloy were investigated. The result ...In this study, the fine-grained Mg–Li alloy was prepared by friction stir processing(FSP). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the frictionstir-processed(FSPed) Mg–Li alloy were investigated. The result showed that FSP resulted in the grain refinement, and the average grain size of the b-Li phase was about 7.5 lm.Besides the a-Mg and b-Li phases, a small amount of Li_(3)Mg_(7), Li_(2)MgAl and AlLi phases were obtained. Compared with the base metal(BM), the weakening of the crystallographic texture occurred in the FSPed material,and the c-axis of the a-phase and the <001> crystallographic orientation of the b-phase were tilted about 45°with respect to the transverse direction(TD). The average microhardness(HV 67.8) of the stir zone was higher than that of the BM(HV 61.5). The yield strength(YS) and the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of the FSPed material were higher than those of the BM, while the elongation slightly reduced. Grain refinement had more significant effect on strength improvement compared with the texture variation for the FSPed material. The fracture surfaces of the BM and FSPed materials showed dimple characteristics.展开更多
This study focuses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints of Q235 mild steel,which was formed by the friction stir welding(FSW).The results indicated that,after the FSW,the heat-affected zone(HA...This study focuses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints of Q235 mild steel,which was formed by the friction stir welding(FSW).The results indicated that,after the FSW,the heat-affected zone(HAZ)of the retreating side(HAZRS)and the HAZ of the advancing side(HAZAS)recovered under the influence of the heating cycle.The transformation of the phases in the thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ)of the retreating side(TMAZRS),the stir zone(SZ)and the TMAZ of the advancing side(TMAZAS)generated the pearlite and acicular ferrite.The continuous dynamic recrystallization occurred in all the three zones,whereas the grains were refined.The SZ mainly consisted of D1,D2 and F shear textures,while the TMAZAS was made up of only the F shear texture.The fine-grained structure,pearlite and the acicular ferrite improved the hardness and tensile strength of the joint.Its ultimate tensile strength was 479 MPa,which was 1.3% higher than that of the base metal.However,the uniform elongation was 16%,which showed a decrease of 33%.The fracture was a ductile fracture with the appearance of dimples.Besides,the joints of the FSW showed an excellent bending performance.展开更多
In this work, 20-mm-thick aluminum-alloy plates were joined via friction stir welding. The temperature gradient was reduced by reducing the surface welding heat input to achieve uniformity of the mechanical properties...In this work, 20-mm-thick aluminum-alloy plates were joined via friction stir welding. The temperature gradient was reduced by reducing the surface welding heat input to achieve uniformity of the mechanical properties across the thick plate joints. The welding temperature was measured using thermocouples. The microstructures were observed via electron backscatter diff raction and transmission electron microscopy. The tensile properties of the samples sliced along the thickness direction of the joint were evaluated. The results show that the highest welding peak temperature is 430℃ on the advancing side on the top surface of the joint. The grain size gradually decreased along the thickness direction, and grain refi nement was due to the combination of continuous, discontinuous, and geometric dynamic recrystallization. The tensile properties of the sliced samples were found to be uniform, and the ultimate tensile strength reached 62% of that of the base metal. The main strengthening mechanism of the Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy joints consists of precipitation strengthening. In addition, the η ` → η phase transition and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone were found to be responsible for the fracture of the joints.展开更多
Friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy.The results demonstrated that,after FSP,the grain size of the Mg-A...Friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy.The results demonstrated that,after FSP,the grain size of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy was decreased from 13.3 to 6.7μm.Meanwhile,the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase was broken and dispersed,and its amount was increased.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy were increased by 17.0%and 10.1%,respectively,due to the combination of fine grain,second phase,and orientation strengthening,while the elongation was slightly decreased.The immersion and electrochemical corrosion rates in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution decreased by 18.4%and 37.5%,respectively,which contributed to grain refinement.However,the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance of the modified Mg-Al-Ca alloy decreased significantly,which was mainly due to the filiform corrosion induced by the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase.SCC was mainly controlled by anodic dissolution,while the cathodic hydrogen evolution accelerated the SCC process.展开更多
Friction stir processing(FSP), as a new kind of severe plastic deformation technique, can refine and homogenize the microstructure of metallic material. In this study, the effect of FSP on the microstructure and mecha...Friction stir processing(FSP), as a new kind of severe plastic deformation technique, can refine and homogenize the microstructure of metallic material. In this study, the effect of FSP on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Zr was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction analysis, microhardness and room-temperature tensile testing. The fine-grained(FG) structure with an average grain size of ~ 5.3 μm was obtained in the processed zone, where the average microhardness was ~ 198 HV, 1.6 times higher than that of base metal. Furthermore, tensile property of FG pure Zr exhibited obvious anisotropy owing to strong texture. Both grain size and texture had a significant effect on strength and ductility of FG pure Zr. High yield strength(248 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength(483 MPa), as well as good uniform elongation(10%) were achieved, which demonstrated that FSP was an effective method to fabricate bulk FG pure Zr with high strength and good ductility.展开更多
Herein,Pd nanoparticles loaded Co_(3)O_(4)catalysts(Pd@Co_(3)O_(4))are constructed from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)for the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).It is demonstrated for the first time that the e...Herein,Pd nanoparticles loaded Co_(3)O_(4)catalysts(Pd@Co_(3)O_(4))are constructed from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)for the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).It is demonstrated for the first time that the electrochemical conversion of Co_(3)O_(4)support would result in the charge distribution alignment at the Pd/Co_(3)O_(4)interface and induce the formation of highly reactive Pd-O species(PdO^(*)),which can further catalyze the consequent reactions of the intermediates of the ethanol oxidation.The catalyst,Pd@Co_(3)O_(4)-450,obtained under the optimized conditions exhibits excellent EOR performance with a high mass activity of 590 mA mg-1,prominent operational stability,and extraordinary capability for the electro-oxidation of acetaldehyde intermediates.Importantly,the detailed mechanism investigation reveals that Pd@Co_(3)O_(4)-450 could be benefit to the C-C bond cleavage to promote the desirable C1 pathway for the ethanol oxidation reaction.The present strategy based on the metal-support interaction of the catalyst might provide valuable inspiration for the design of high-performing catalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction.展开更多
We design a multilayer cylindrical structure to realize superscattering of underwater sound. Because of the near degeneracy of resonances in multiple channels of the structure, the scattering contributions from these ...We design a multilayer cylindrical structure to realize superscattering of underwater sound. Because of the near degeneracy of resonances in multiple channels of the structure, the scattering contributions from these resonances can overlap to break the single-channel limit of subwavelength objects. However, tuning the design parameters to achieve the target response is an optimization process that is tedious and time-consuming. Here,we demonstrate that a well-trained tandem neural network can deal with this problem efficiently, which can not only forwardly predict the scattering spectra of the multilayer structure with high precision, but also inversely design the required structural parameters efficiently.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the clinical effect of different immunosuppressive regimens in liver transplant patients.[Methods]The study patients were 147 liver transplant patients who underwent liver transplantation in a h...[Objectives]To explore the clinical effect of different immunosuppressive regimens in liver transplant patients.[Methods]The study patients were 147 liver transplant patients who underwent liver transplantation in a hospital and received CNI-based immunosuppression in the first two years after the operation.Both groups were given mycophenolate mofetil+glucocorticoid,and the control group was additional given cyclosporine,and the experimental group was given tacrolimus.Followed up and made a record of the liver and kidney function indicators,blood routine examination,blood sugar,and blood concentration of immunosuppressive drugs in the two groups of patients at 3,6,12,18,and 24 months after the operation,and the clinical pharmacist regularly adjusted the dose of immunosuppressive drugs.The renal function indicators of the two groups were compared:glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and serum creatinine(Scr)level.[Results]Within 24 months after the operation,the eGFR level in the two groups showed a declining trend,and the Scr level showed a rising trend,indicating a decline in renal function;the renal function of the control group decreased at 3 months after operation,and the difference was significant(P<0.05);the renal function of the experimental group also decreased at 12 months after operation,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The TAC based triple immunization regimen can delay the decline of renal function in liver transplant patients,and the efficacy is significantly better than the CsA based triple immunization regimen.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82404224,82373541 and 82073516)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241307).
文摘Copper(Cu)pollution has raised global environmental concern due to its persistence and toxicity.Numerous studies have shown that the imbalance of Cu metabolism is closely related the neurodegenerative diseases.Previous study exposited that excessive Cu participating in neurotoxic mechanism through oxidative stress,protein misfolding,mitochondrial malfunction,autophagy dysregulation,and apoptosis.However,the mechanism of neurotoxicity of Cu is still inconclusive.In this study,Caenorhabditis eleganswas used to investigate the acute Cu exposure on the nervous system and the possiblemechanism.Initially,0.01-10 mg/L Cu exposure inhibited locomotion behavior,and that 1-10mg/L decreased the sensory behavior in C.elegans.Subsequently,dopaminergic,glutamatergic,GABAergic and cholinergic neurons were destroyed,as well as the decreased expression of neurotransmitters after Cu exposure.Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that locomotion behaviors were positively correlated with the health of the dopaminergic,glutamatergic,GABAergic and cholinergic neurons.In addition,Cu exposure promoted the formation of oxidative stress.Study showed Cu significantly promoted nuclear localization of SKN-1,but inhibited that of DAF-16 in C.elegans.Further evidence showed skn-1mutants and daf-16 mutants weremore sensitiveness to Cu-induced behavioral defect.Meanwhile,the regulatory effects of SKN-1 and DAF-16 on downstream genes were blocked in skn-1 mutants and daf-16 mutants.Cu regulated the expression of downstream genes sod-3,ctl-1,gcs-1 and gst-4 through transcription factors SKN-1 and DAF-16,in response to Cu-induced neurotoxicity.Thus,the present study contributes to the understanding of the potential neurotoxicity of acute exposure to Cu in C.elegans.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51975118,52025121)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control of China(Grant No.20210104)+1 种基金Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy Saving of China(Grant No.KFZ2201)Special Fund of Jiangsu Province for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of China(Grant No.BA2021023).
文摘Four-wheel independently driven electric vehicles(FWID-EV)endow a flexible and scalable control framework to improve vehicle performance.This paper integrates the torque vectoring and active suspension system(ASS)to enhance the vehicle’s longitudinal and vertical motion control performance.While the nonlinear characteristic of the tire model leads to a relatively heavier computational burden.To facilitate the controller design and ease the load,a half-vehicle dynamics system is built and simplified to the linear-time-varying(LTV)model.Then a model predictive controller is developed by formulating the objective function by comprehensively considering the safety,energy-saving and comfort requirements.The in-wheel motor efficiency and the power loss of tire slip are treated as optimization indices in this work to reduce energy consumption.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through the rapid-control-prototype(RCP)test.The results demonstrate the enhancement of the energy-saving as well as comfort on the basis of vehicle stability.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3501002)State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(5203405)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974220,52104383)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3700902)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2020ZDLGY13-06,2017ZDXM-GY-037)Shaanxi Province National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2022JC-24)。
文摘A large-scale fine-grained Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy plate with high strength and ductility was successfully prepared by multi-pass friction stir processing(MFSP)technology in this work.The structure of grains and long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase were characterized,and the mechanical properties uniformity was investigated.Moreover,a quantitative relationship between the microstructure and tensile yield strength was established.The results showed that the grains in the processed zone(PZ)and interfacial zone(IZ)were refined from 50μm to 3μm and 4μm,respectively,and numerous original LPSO phases were broken.In IZ,some block-shaped 18R LPSO phases were transformed into needle-like 14H LPSO phases due to stacking faults and the short-range diffusion of solute atoms.The severe shear deformation in the form of kinetic energy caused profuse stacking fault to be generated and move rapidly,greatly increasing the transformation rate of LPSO phase.After MFSP,the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation to failure of the large-scale plate were 367 MPa,305 MPa and 18.0% respectively.Grain refinement and LPSO phase strengthening were the major strengthening mechanisms for the MFSP sample.In particularly,the strength of IZ was comparable to that of PZ because the strength contribution of the 14H LPSO phase offsets the lack of grain refinement strengthening in IZ.This result opposes the widely accepted notion that IZ is a weak region in MFSP-prepared large-scale fine-grained plate.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12175227 and 12375226)the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China(No.2022YFE03100004)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.USTC 20210079)the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(No.2022HSC-CIP022)。
文摘In the reversed field pinch(RFP),plasmas exhibit various self-organized states.Among these,the three-dimensional(3D)helical state known as the“quasi-single-helical”(QSH)state enhances RFP confinement.However,accurately describing the equilibrium is challenging due to the presence of 3D structures,magnetic islands,and chaotic regions.It is difficult to obtain a balance between the available diagnostic and the real equilibrium structure.To address this issue,we introduce KTX3DFit,a new 3D equilibrium reconstruction code specifically designed for the Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX)RFP.KTX3DFit utilizes the stepped-pressure equilibrium code(SPEC)to compute 3D equilibria and uses polarimetric interferometer signals from experiments.KTX3DFit is able to reconstruct equilibria in various states,including axisymmetric,doubleaxis helical(DAx),and single-helical-axis(SHAx)states.Notably,this study marks the first integration of the SPEC code with internal magnetic field data for equilibrium reconstruction and could be used for other 3D configurations.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52025121,52394263)National Key R&D Plan of China(Grant No.2023YFD2000301).
文摘This paper aims to develop an automatic miscalibration detection and correction framework to maintain accurate calibration of LiDAR and camera for autonomous vehicle after the sensor drift.First,a monitoring algorithm that can continuously detect the miscalibration in each frame is designed,leveraging the rotational motion each individual sensor observes.Then,as sensor drift occurs,the projection constraints between visual feature points and LiDAR 3-D points are used to compute the scaled camera motion,which is further utilized to align the drifted LiDAR scan with the camera image.Finally,the proposed method is sufficiently compared with two representative approaches in the online experiments with varying levels of random drift,then the method is further extended to the offline calibration experiment and is demonstrated by a comparison with two existing benchmark methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1760201,52034005,51974220)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province,China(Nos.2020ZDLGY13-06,2017ZDXM-GY-037)+1 种基金the Innovation Capacity Support Project of Shaanxi Province-Nova Program,China(No.2020KJXX-077)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars in Universities of Shaanxi Province,China。
基金financially supported by the Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20155)the Lingyan Program of Zhejiang Province(2022C01106)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices(012024004)the ZJU DPSE-NEWMED DPSE-NEWMED Biomedical Polymers and Devices Research&Development Lab,and the 111 Project(B16042).
文摘During interventional surgeries of implantable cardiovascular devices in addressing cardiovascular diseases(CVD),the inevitable tissue damage will trigger host inflammation and vascular lumen injury,leading to delayed re-endothelization and intimal hyperplasia.Endowing cardiovascular implants with anti-inflammatory and endothelialization functions is conducive to the target site,offering significant tissue repair and regeneration benefits.Herein,inspired by the snake’s molting process,a ShedWise device was developed by using the poly(propylene fumarate)polyurethane(PPFU)as the foundational material,which was clicked with hyperbranched polylysine(HBPL)and followed by conjugation with pro-endothelial functional Arg-Glu-Asp-Val peptide(REDV),and finally coated with a“self-sacrificing”layer having reactive oxygen species(ROS)-scavenging ability and degradability.During the acute inflammation in the initial stage of implantation,the ROS-responsive hyperbranched poly acrylate-capped thioketone-containing ethylene glycol(HBPAK)coating effectively modulated the level of environmental inflammation and resisted initial protein adsorption,showcasing robust tissue protection.As the coating gradually“sacrificed”,the exposed hyperbranched HBPL-REDV layer recruited specifically endothelial cells and promoted surface endothelialization.In a rat vascular injury model,the ShedWise demonstrated remarkable efficiency in reducing vascular restenosis,protecting the injured tissue,and fostering re-endothelization of the target site.This innovative design will introduce a novel strategy for surface engineering of cardiovascular implants and other medical devices.
文摘目的:探讨3D成像技术在乳腺癌保乳术中的术前评估应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2017年4月至2019年1月武汉科技大学附属孝感医院38例在3D成像技术辅助下行乳腺癌保乳术患者的临床资料。所有患者术前均行3.0 T乳腺MRI检查,通过医学数字成像及通信(digital imaging and communication of medicine,DICOM)数据立体建模,构建3D成像技术重建虚拟图像。比较术前预计切除组织体积(predicted resected tissue volume,PRTV)及术中实际切除组织体积(actual resection tissue volume,ARTV)差异性及一致性,并行保乳术后组织标本切缘及乳房美学评价。结果:3D成像技术能准确反映乳腺、肿瘤、腺体及血管等解剖结构及其三维毗邻关系。术中所见与术前3D图像吻合度为97.4%(37/38)。术前PRTV为(61.7±20.1)m L,术中ARTV为(65.1±20.7)m L,两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有较好的一致性(P<0.01)。术后补充二次手术1例,发生率2.6%(1/38)。术后乳房外形满意度100%(38/38)。结论:3D成像技术可清晰地显示乳腺肿瘤与周围组织的解剖关系,准确评估保乳术切除体积,指导手术切除。
基金sponsorship from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51574192,51404180,51974220,and U1760201)the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2017ZDXMGY-037)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.Z20180407)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(No.2019-2022).
文摘Magnesium(Mg)alloys have been extensively used in various fields,such as aerospace,automobile,electronics,and biomedical industries,due to their high specific strength and stiff ness,excellent vibration absorption,electromagnetic shielding eff ect,good machinability,and recyclability.Friction stir processing(FSP)is a severe plastic deformation technique,based on the principle of friction stir welding.In addition to introducing the basic principle and advantages of FSP,this paper reviews the studies of FSP in the modification of the cast structure,superplastic deformation behavior,preparation of finegrained Mg alloys and Mg-based surface composites,and additive manufacturing.FSP not only refines,homogenizes,and densifies the microstructure,but also eliminates the cast microstructure defects,breaks up the brittle and network-like phases,and prepares fine-grained,ultrafine-,and nano-grained Mg alloys.Indeed,FSP significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloys and achieves low-temperature and/or high strain rate superplasticity.Furthermore,FSP can produce particle-and fiber-reinforced Mg-based surface composites.As a promising additive manufacturing technique of light metals,FSP enables the additive manufacturing of Mg alloys.Finally,we prospect the future research direction and application with friction stir processed Mg alloys.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51975118,52025121,51975103,51905095)National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20180401).
文摘Current works of environmental perception for connected autonomous electrified vehicles(CAEVs)mainly focus on the object detection task in good weather and illumination conditions,they often perform poorly in adverse scenarios and have a vague scene parsing ability.This paper aims to develop an end-to-end sharpening mixture of experts(SMoE)fusion framework to improve the robustness and accuracy of the perception systems for CAEVs in complex illumination and weather conditions.Three original contributions make our work distinctive from the existing relevant literature.The Complex KITTI dataset is introduced which consists of 7481 pairs of modified KITTI RGB images and the generated LiDAR dense depth maps,and this dataset is fine annotated in instance-level with the proposed semi-automatic annotation method.The SMoE fusion approach is devised to adaptively learn the robust kernels from complementary modalities.Comprehensive comparative experiments are implemented,and the results show that the proposed SMoE framework yield significant improvements over the other fusion techniques in adverse environmental conditions.This research proposes a SMoE fusion framework to improve the scene parsing ability of the perception systems for CAEVs in adverse conditions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51574192,51404180,51274161 and U1360105)。
文摘In this study, the fine-grained Mg–Li alloy was prepared by friction stir processing(FSP). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the frictionstir-processed(FSPed) Mg–Li alloy were investigated. The result showed that FSP resulted in the grain refinement, and the average grain size of the b-Li phase was about 7.5 lm.Besides the a-Mg and b-Li phases, a small amount of Li_(3)Mg_(7), Li_(2)MgAl and AlLi phases were obtained. Compared with the base metal(BM), the weakening of the crystallographic texture occurred in the FSPed material,and the c-axis of the a-phase and the <001> crystallographic orientation of the b-phase were tilted about 45°with respect to the transverse direction(TD). The average microhardness(HV 67.8) of the stir zone was higher than that of the BM(HV 61.5). The yield strength(YS) and the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) of the FSPed material were higher than those of the BM, while the elongation slightly reduced. Grain refinement had more significant effect on strength improvement compared with the texture variation for the FSPed material. The fracture surfaces of the BM and FSPed materials showed dimple characteristics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51974220,U1760201)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.Z20180407)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2019JQ-111)the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2017ZDXM-GY-037,2020ZDLGY13-06)the Xi’an Science and Technology Project(No.201805033YD11CG17(8))。
文摘This study focuses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints of Q235 mild steel,which was formed by the friction stir welding(FSW).The results indicated that,after the FSW,the heat-affected zone(HAZ)of the retreating side(HAZRS)and the HAZ of the advancing side(HAZAS)recovered under the influence of the heating cycle.The transformation of the phases in the thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ)of the retreating side(TMAZRS),the stir zone(SZ)and the TMAZ of the advancing side(TMAZAS)generated the pearlite and acicular ferrite.The continuous dynamic recrystallization occurred in all the three zones,whereas the grains were refined.The SZ mainly consisted of D1,D2 and F shear textures,while the TMAZAS was made up of only the F shear texture.The fine-grained structure,pearlite and the acicular ferrite improved the hardness and tensile strength of the joint.Its ultimate tensile strength was 479 MPa,which was 1.3% higher than that of the base metal.However,the uniform elongation was 16%,which showed a decrease of 33%.The fracture was a ductile fracture with the appearance of dimples.Besides,the joints of the FSW showed an excellent bending performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1760201,51974220,52034005)the Innovation Capacity Support Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2020KJXX-077)+4 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0306202)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2020ZDLGY13-06)the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2017ZDXM-GY-037)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(Grant Nos.2019JQ-111,2019JQ-769)the Xi’an Science and Technology Project(Grant No.201805033YD11CG17(8))。
文摘In this work, 20-mm-thick aluminum-alloy plates were joined via friction stir welding. The temperature gradient was reduced by reducing the surface welding heat input to achieve uniformity of the mechanical properties across the thick plate joints. The welding temperature was measured using thermocouples. The microstructures were observed via electron backscatter diff raction and transmission electron microscopy. The tensile properties of the samples sliced along the thickness direction of the joint were evaluated. The results show that the highest welding peak temperature is 430℃ on the advancing side on the top surface of the joint. The grain size gradually decreased along the thickness direction, and grain refi nement was due to the combination of continuous, discontinuous, and geometric dynamic recrystallization. The tensile properties of the sliced samples were found to be uniform, and the ultimate tensile strength reached 62% of that of the base metal. The main strengthening mechanism of the Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy joints consists of precipitation strengthening. In addition, the η ` → η phase transition and grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone were found to be responsible for the fracture of the joints.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52034005,U1760201,51974220)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0306202)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2017ZDXM-GY-037)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(2019-2022)the China Baowu Iron and Steel Group Co.Ltd with Mg-Al-Ca alloy materials。
文摘Friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of an Mg-Al-Ca alloy.The results demonstrated that,after FSP,the grain size of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy was decreased from 13.3 to 6.7μm.Meanwhile,the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase was broken and dispersed,and its amount was increased.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the Mg-Al-Ca alloy were increased by 17.0%and 10.1%,respectively,due to the combination of fine grain,second phase,and orientation strengthening,while the elongation was slightly decreased.The immersion and electrochemical corrosion rates in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution decreased by 18.4%and 37.5%,respectively,which contributed to grain refinement.However,the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance of the modified Mg-Al-Ca alloy decreased significantly,which was mainly due to the filiform corrosion induced by the Al_(8)Mn_(5) phase.SCC was mainly controlled by anodic dissolution,while the cathodic hydrogen evolution accelerated the SCC process.
基金sponsorship from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1760201,51404180,and 51574192)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.Z20180407)+1 种基金the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2017ZDXMGY-037)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities(No.2019-2022).
文摘Friction stir processing(FSP), as a new kind of severe plastic deformation technique, can refine and homogenize the microstructure of metallic material. In this study, the effect of FSP on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Zr was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction analysis, microhardness and room-temperature tensile testing. The fine-grained(FG) structure with an average grain size of ~ 5.3 μm was obtained in the processed zone, where the average microhardness was ~ 198 HV, 1.6 times higher than that of base metal. Furthermore, tensile property of FG pure Zr exhibited obvious anisotropy owing to strong texture. Both grain size and texture had a significant effect on strength and ductility of FG pure Zr. High yield strength(248 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength(483 MPa), as well as good uniform elongation(10%) were achieved, which demonstrated that FSP was an effective method to fabricate bulk FG pure Zr with high strength and good ductility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21336005)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014EG111224)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB4001200)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_3185)。
文摘Herein,Pd nanoparticles loaded Co_(3)O_(4)catalysts(Pd@Co_(3)O_(4))are constructed from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)for the ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).It is demonstrated for the first time that the electrochemical conversion of Co_(3)O_(4)support would result in the charge distribution alignment at the Pd/Co_(3)O_(4)interface and induce the formation of highly reactive Pd-O species(PdO^(*)),which can further catalyze the consequent reactions of the intermediates of the ethanol oxidation.The catalyst,Pd@Co_(3)O_(4)-450,obtained under the optimized conditions exhibits excellent EOR performance with a high mass activity of 590 mA mg-1,prominent operational stability,and extraordinary capability for the electro-oxidation of acetaldehyde intermediates.Importantly,the detailed mechanism investigation reveals that Pd@Co_(3)O_(4)-450 could be benefit to the C-C bond cleavage to promote the desirable C1 pathway for the ethanol oxidation reaction.The present strategy based on the metal-support interaction of the catalyst might provide valuable inspiration for the design of high-performing catalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12174353,41974059,and 41830537)。
文摘We design a multilayer cylindrical structure to realize superscattering of underwater sound. Because of the near degeneracy of resonances in multiple channels of the structure, the scattering contributions from these resonances can overlap to break the single-channel limit of subwavelength objects. However, tuning the design parameters to achieve the target response is an optimization process that is tedious and time-consuming. Here,we demonstrate that a well-trained tandem neural network can deal with this problem efficiently, which can not only forwardly predict the scattering spectra of the multilayer structure with high precision, but also inversely design the required structural parameters efficiently.
文摘[Objectives]To explore the clinical effect of different immunosuppressive regimens in liver transplant patients.[Methods]The study patients were 147 liver transplant patients who underwent liver transplantation in a hospital and received CNI-based immunosuppression in the first two years after the operation.Both groups were given mycophenolate mofetil+glucocorticoid,and the control group was additional given cyclosporine,and the experimental group was given tacrolimus.Followed up and made a record of the liver and kidney function indicators,blood routine examination,blood sugar,and blood concentration of immunosuppressive drugs in the two groups of patients at 3,6,12,18,and 24 months after the operation,and the clinical pharmacist regularly adjusted the dose of immunosuppressive drugs.The renal function indicators of the two groups were compared:glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and serum creatinine(Scr)level.[Results]Within 24 months after the operation,the eGFR level in the two groups showed a declining trend,and the Scr level showed a rising trend,indicating a decline in renal function;the renal function of the control group decreased at 3 months after operation,and the difference was significant(P<0.05);the renal function of the experimental group also decreased at 12 months after operation,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The TAC based triple immunization regimen can delay the decline of renal function in liver transplant patients,and the efficacy is significantly better than the CsA based triple immunization regimen.
