Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and ...Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La_(3) In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(T_(C)∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(E_(F))are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses E_(F) at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above E_(F).The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states near𝐸F suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.展开更多
The Hehuang Valley,situated in the northeastern section of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,represents the upper reaches of the Yellow River(Fig.1A).It is a significant geographic region of origin for numerous Neolithic cult...The Hehuang Valley,situated in the northeastern section of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,represents the upper reaches of the Yellow River(Fig.1A).It is a significant geographic region of origin for numerous Neolithic cultures,including the Majiayao,Zongri,and Qijia cultures(Dong et al.,2013).展开更多
Northern Eurasia (nEA) has been considered crucial for the dispersal of the anatomically modern human (AMH) in recent studies.After the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM),ancient populations from different locations were redi...Northern Eurasia (nEA) has been considered crucial for the dispersal of the anatomically modern human (AMH) in recent studies.After the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM),ancient populations from different locations were redistributed throughout the region (Sikora et al.,2019;Yu et al.,2020;Kílínc et al.,2021;Mao et al.,2021).It is suggested that the emergence of many diverse ethnolinguistic groups.展开更多
The translocator protein(TSPO)positron emission tomography(PET)can noninvasively detect neuroinflammation associated with epileptogenesis and epilepsy.This study explored the role of the TSPO-targeting radioligand[^(1...The translocator protein(TSPO)positron emission tomography(PET)can noninvasively detect neuroinflammation associated with epileptogenesis and epilepsy.This study explored the role of the TSPO-targeting radioligand[^(18)F]F-TFQC,an m-trifluoromethyl ER176 analog,in the PET neuroimaging of epileptic rats.Initially,[^(18)F]F-TFQC was synthesized with a radiochemical yield of 8%-10%(EOS),a radiochemical purity of over 99%,and a specific activity of 38.21±1.73 MBq/nmol(EOS).After determining that[^(18)F]F-TFQC exhibited good biochemical properties,[^(18)F]F-TFQC PET neuroimaging was performed in epileptic rats at multiple time points in various stages of disease progression.PET imaging showed specific[^(18)F]F-TFQC uptake in the right hippocampus(KA-injected site,i.e.,epileptogenic zone),which was most pronounced at 1 week(T/NT 1.63±0.21)and 1 month(T/NT 1.66±0.20).The PET results were further validated using autoradiography and pathological analysis.Thus,[^(18)F]F-TFQC can reflect the TSPO levels and localize the epileptogenic zone,thereby offering the potential for monitoring neuroinflammation and guiding anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with epilepsy.展开更多
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is essential for the proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs), and its misregulation is linked to various disorders, including cerebellar cancer medulloblastoma (MB...Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is essential for the proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs), and its misregulation is linked to various disorders, including cerebellar cancer medulloblastoma (MB). During vertebrate neural development, RNF220, a ubiquitin E3 ligase, is involved in spinal cord patterning by modulating the subcellular location of glioma-associated oncogene homologs (Glis) through ubiquitination. RNF220 is also required for full activation of Shh signaling during cerebellum development in an epigenetic manner through targeting embryonic ectoderm development. ZC4H2 was reported to be involved in spinal cord patterning by acting as an RNF220 stabilizer. Here, we provided evidence to show that ZC4H2 is also required for full activation of Shh signaling in CGNP and MB progression by stabilizing RNF220. In addition, we found that the ubiquitin E3 ligase RING finger LIM domain-binding protein (RLIM) is responsible for ZC4H2 stabilization via direct ubiquitination, through which RNF220 is also thus stabilized. RLIM is a direct target of Shh signaling and is also required for full activation of Shh signaling in CGNP and MB cell proliferation. We further provided clinical evidence to show that the RLIM‒ZC4H2‒RNF220 cascade is involved in Shh-group MB progression. Disease-causative human RLIM and ZC4H2 mutations affect their interaction and regulation. Therefore, our study sheds light on the regulation of Shh signaling during cerebellar development and MB progression and provides insights into neural disorders caused by RLIM or ZC4H2 mutations.展开更多
Fabric-based composites with superior mechanical properties and excellent perceptive function are highly desirable.However,it remains a huge challenge to attain structure-function integration,especially for hybrid fab...Fabric-based composites with superior mechanical properties and excellent perceptive function are highly desirable.However,it remains a huge challenge to attain structure-function integration,especially for hybrid fabric composites.Herein,a skin-inspired interface modification strategy is proposed toward this target by constructing a hybrid smart fabric system consisting of two types of smart fabrics:carbon nanotube(CNT)/MXene-modified aramid fabrics and zinc oxide nanorod(ZnO NR)-modified carbon fabrics.Based on that,flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors with skin-like hierarchical perception interfaces are fabricated,which demonstrate superb sensitivity of 2.39 V·kPa^(-1)and are capable of various wearable monitoring tasks.Besides,the interface-modified hybrid fabric reinforced plastics can also be fabricated,which are proven to possess 13.6%higher tensile strength,10.1%elastic modulus.More impressively,their average energy absorption can be improved by 111.9%,accompanied with inherent damage alert capability.This offers a paradigm to fabricate structure-function integrated hybrid smart fabric composites for the smart clothing and intelligent aerial vehicles.展开更多
Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution refrigerator.It is,there...Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution refrigerator.It is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and energy.Here,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)transistors.Our single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFET)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs heterostructures.From the measurements of 571 functioning QFETs taken at temperatures T[1.4 K and T[40 mK,it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and Kondo effect do not fit our results.Furthermore,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range interactions.Our approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.展开更多
Cancer informatics has significantly progressed in the big data era.We summarize the application of informatics approaches to the cancer domain from both the informatics perspective(e.g.,data management and data scien...Cancer informatics has significantly progressed in the big data era.We summarize the application of informatics approaches to the cancer domain from both the informatics perspective(e.g.,data management and data science)and the clinical perspective(e.g.,cancer screening,risk assessment,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis).We discuss various informatics methods and tools that are widely applied in cancer research and practices,such as cancer databases,data standards,terminologies,high‐throughput omics data mining,machine‐learning algorithms,artificial intelligence imaging,and intelligent radiation.We also address the informatics challenges within the cancer field that pursue better treatment decisions and patient outcomes,and focus on how informatics can provide opportunities for cancer research and practices.Finally,we conclude that the interdisciplinary nature of cancer informatics and collaborations are major drivers for future research and applications in clinical practices.It is hoped that this review is instrumental for cancer researchers and clinicians with its informatics‐specific insights.展开更多
Paramagnetic LaCoSi,a ternary intermetallic electride,consists of CoSi blocks separated by two layers of La atoms.Its structure is similar to that of the widely studied 111 system of iron-based superconductors.Utilizi...Paramagnetic LaCoSi,a ternary intermetallic electride,consists of CoSi blocks separated by two layers of La atoms.Its structure is similar to that of the widely studied 111 system of iron-based superconductors.Utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations,we demonstrate the existence of linear bands and flat bands mainly originating from the orbitals of Co 3d states near the Fermi energy.The anomalous scattering rate of the linear bands varies linearly with the binding energy.The flat band above the Fermi energy indicated by the calculations could be modulated by substitutions and pressure to induce new ordered quantum phases,such as magnetism and superconductivity.Our findings reveal flat-band physics in electrides.展开更多
Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)are frequently encountered for both nosocomial infections and community acquired infections,with special concerns on the quick emergence of methicillin resistant S.aureus(MRSA)[1,2].Anti...Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)are frequently encountered for both nosocomial infections and community acquired infections,with special concerns on the quick emergence of methicillin resistant S.aureus(MRSA)[1,2].Antibiotics are used extensively to treat these infections[2].However,antimicrobial resistance has been a tremendous challenge against current antibiotic and calls for urgent actions to explore novel antimicrobial agents that are active against MRSA and are less susceptible to antimicrobial resistance than do conventional antibiotics[3–13].Encouraged by the low propensity for microbes to develop antimicrobial resistance,host defense peptides(HDPs)and their synthetic mimics were actively studied[3,4,14–34].Although peptidyl mimics of HDP have variable structures,many of them involved multiple copies ofα-L-lysine to introduce into the molecules positive charges that were critical for the antimicrobial activity[35,36].展开更多
ZC4H2 encodes a C4H2 type zinc-finger nuclear factor,the mutation of which has been associated with disorders with various clinical phenotypes in human,including developmental delay,intellectual disability and dystoni...ZC4H2 encodes a C4H2 type zinc-finger nuclear factor,the mutation of which has been associated with disorders with various clinical phenotypes in human,including developmental delay,intellectual disability and dystonia.ZC4H2 has been suggested to regulate spinal cord patterning in zebrafish as a co-factor for RNF220,an ubiquitin E3 ligase involved in Gli signaling.Here we showed that ZC4H2 and RNF220 knockout animals phenocopy each other in spinal patterning in both mouse and zebrafish,with mispatterned progenitor and neuronal domains in the ventral spinal cord.We showed evidence that ZC4H2 is required for the stability of RNF220 and also proper Gli ubiquitination and signaling in vivo.Our data provides new insights into the possible etiology of the neurodevelopmental impairments observed in ZC4H2-associated syndromes.展开更多
The massive use of antibiotics in aquaculture and resulted antibacterial resistance problem urgently need antibiotic substitutions. Herein, we report a promising substitution of aquaculture antibiotics using a synergi...The massive use of antibiotics in aquaculture and resulted antibacterial resistance problem urgently need antibiotic substitutions. Herein, we report a promising substitution of aquaculture antibiotics using a synergistic combination of biodegradable peptide polymers and curcumin, a natural compound from plant. The synergistic combination shows strong antibacterial activity against V. fluvialis and some other common bacteria in aquaculture. The membrane-damaging antibacterial mechanism echoes our finding that the synergistic combination will not induce bacteria to develop resistance after continuous use. The synergistic combination also displays effective cure on V. fluvialis-infected zebrafish. The biodegradability of the peptide polymer enables the combination to lose antibacterial activity and will not cause selective pressure on bacterial in the environment. Our study indicates potential application of synergistic composition, biodegradable peptide polymer and curcumin, as promising antibiotic substitution in aquaculture, which represents a promising strategy to address the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance.展开更多
Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays,including optical communication,quantum optics,and biomedical imaging.Visualizing vortex lines formed by phase si...Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays,including optical communication,quantum optics,and biomedical imaging.Visualizing vortex lines formed by phase singularities and fabricating chiral nanostructures using the evolution of vortex lines are of great significance.In this paper,we introduce a promising method based on two-photon polymerization direct laser writing(2PP-DLW)to record the morphology of vortex lines generated by tightly focused multi-vortex beams(MVBs)at the nanoscale.Due to Gouy phase,the singularities of the MVBs rotate around the optical axis and move towards each other when approaching the focal plane.The propagation dynamics of vortex lines are recorded by 2PP-DLW,which explicitly exhibits the evolution of the phase singularities.Additionally,the MVBs are employed to fabricate stable three-dimensional chiral nanostructures due to the spiral-forward property of the vortex line.Because of the obvious chiral features of the manufactured nanostructures,a strong vortical dichroism is observed when excited by the light carrying orbital angular momentum.A number of applications can be envisioned with these chiral nanostructures,such as optical sensing,chiral separation,and information storage.展开更多
TDP43 pathology is seen in a large majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)cases,suggesting a central pathogenic role of this regulatory protein.Clarifying the molecular mechanism controlling TDP43 stability and...TDP43 pathology is seen in a large majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)cases,suggesting a central pathogenic role of this regulatory protein.Clarifying the molecular mechanism controlling TDP43 stability and subcellular location might provide important insights into ALS therapy.The ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF220 is involved in different neural developmental processes through various molecular targets in the mouse.Here,we report that the RNF2207 mice showed progressively decreasing mobility to different extents,some of which developed typical ALS pathological characteristics in spinal motor neurons,including TDP43 cytoplasmic accumulation,atrocytosis,muscle denervation,and atrophy.Mechanistically,RNF220 interacts with TDP43 in vitro and in vivo and promotes its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.In conclusion,we propose that RNF220 might be a modifier of TDP43 function in vivo and contribute to TDP43 pathology in neurodegenerative disease like ALS.展开更多
The apatite compound Ca4La6（SiO4）4（PO4）2O2（CLSPO） was explored as the host material for phosphors used in white light-emitting diodes（w LEDs）. The crystal structure of the CLSPO host prepared by the solid-stat...The apatite compound Ca4La6（SiO4）4（PO4）2O2（CLSPO） was explored as the host material for phosphors used in white light-emitting diodes（w LEDs）. The crystal structure of the CLSPO host prepared by the solid-state reaction method was investigated with Rietveld refinement. The rare earth ions(Eu3+/Tb3+/Ce3+, Tb3+/Tb3+, Mn2+)activated CLSPO phosphors were synthesized, and their photoluminescence properties, quantum yields, as well as thermal stabilities, were studied. Under near-ultraviolet excitations, the Eu3+ and Tb3+ -doped CLSPO compounds exhibited red and green emissions with high luminescence efficiencies. Besides, tunable emissions from green to orange were obtained by introducing Mn2+ ions into the Tb3+ -doped CLSPO samples. The results showed that the phosphors studied may have potential applications for w LEDs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12222413,12174443,12274459,and 12404266)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1406500,2022YFA1403800,and 2022YFA1403103)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No.23ZR1482200)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo (Grant No.2024J019)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (Grant No.BJ2025060)the funding of Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Program。
文摘Superconducting elect rides have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve high superconducting transition temperatures(T_(C))under pressure.However,many known elect rides are chemically reactive and unstable,making high-quality single-crystal growth,characterization,and measurements difficult,and most do not exhibit superconductivity at ambient pressure.In contrast,La_(3) In stands out for its ambient-pressure superconductivity(T_(C)∼9.4 K)and the availability of high-quality single crystals.Here,we investigate its low-energy electronic structure using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations.The bands near the Fermi energy(E_(F))are mainly derived from La 5d and In 5p orbitals.A saddle point is directly observed at the Brillouin zone(BZ)boundary,while a three-dimensional Van Hove singularity crosses E_(F) at the BZ corner.First-principles calculations further reveal topological Dirac surface states within the bulk energy gap above E_(F).The coexistence of a high density of states and in-gap topological surface states near𝐸F suggests that La3In offers a promising platform for tuning superconductivity and exploring possible topological superconducting phases through doping or external pressure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42372017 and 42072018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022CXTD24)。
文摘The Hehuang Valley,situated in the northeastern section of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,represents the upper reaches of the Yellow River(Fig.1A).It is a significant geographic region of origin for numerous Neolithic cultures,including the Majiayao,Zongri,and Qijia cultures(Dong et al.,2013).
基金supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Base of the Ministry of Education(16JJD780005)the Science and technology development project of Jilin Province(20190701077GH and 20200201138JC)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900406 and 42072018)。
文摘Northern Eurasia (nEA) has been considered crucial for the dispersal of the anatomically modern human (AMH) in recent studies.After the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM),ancient populations from different locations were redistributed throughout the region (Sikora et al.,2019;Yu et al.,2020;Kílínc et al.,2021;Mao et al.,2021).It is suggested that the emergence of many diverse ethnolinguistic groups.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172002 and 82272058,China)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leaders Plan(No.21XD1423500,China)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2406901).
文摘The translocator protein(TSPO)positron emission tomography(PET)can noninvasively detect neuroinflammation associated with epileptogenesis and epilepsy.This study explored the role of the TSPO-targeting radioligand[^(18)F]F-TFQC,an m-trifluoromethyl ER176 analog,in the PET neuroimaging of epileptic rats.Initially,[^(18)F]F-TFQC was synthesized with a radiochemical yield of 8%-10%(EOS),a radiochemical purity of over 99%,and a specific activity of 38.21±1.73 MBq/nmol(EOS).After determining that[^(18)F]F-TFQC exhibited good biochemical properties,[^(18)F]F-TFQC PET neuroimaging was performed in epileptic rats at multiple time points in various stages of disease progression.PET imaging showed specific[^(18)F]F-TFQC uptake in the right hippocampus(KA-injected site,i.e.,epileptogenic zone),which was most pronounced at 1 week(T/NT 1.63±0.21)and 1 month(T/NT 1.66±0.20).The PET results were further validated using autoradiography and pathological analysis.Thus,[^(18)F]F-TFQC can reflect the TSPO levels and localize the epileptogenic zone,thereby offering the potential for monitoring neuroinflammation and guiding anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with epilepsy.
基金This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB13000000 to B.M.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170965 to P.M.and 82060292 to S.Z.)+1 种基金Yunnan Basic Research Program(202001AS070036 to B.M.)the open project of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution(GREKF20-07 to S.Z.and GREKF18-12 to Yan Li).P.M.was supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is essential for the proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs), and its misregulation is linked to various disorders, including cerebellar cancer medulloblastoma (MB). During vertebrate neural development, RNF220, a ubiquitin E3 ligase, is involved in spinal cord patterning by modulating the subcellular location of glioma-associated oncogene homologs (Glis) through ubiquitination. RNF220 is also required for full activation of Shh signaling during cerebellum development in an epigenetic manner through targeting embryonic ectoderm development. ZC4H2 was reported to be involved in spinal cord patterning by acting as an RNF220 stabilizer. Here, we provided evidence to show that ZC4H2 is also required for full activation of Shh signaling in CGNP and MB progression by stabilizing RNF220. In addition, we found that the ubiquitin E3 ligase RING finger LIM domain-binding protein (RLIM) is responsible for ZC4H2 stabilization via direct ubiquitination, through which RNF220 is also thus stabilized. RLIM is a direct target of Shh signaling and is also required for full activation of Shh signaling in CGNP and MB cell proliferation. We further provided clinical evidence to show that the RLIM‒ZC4H2‒RNF220 cascade is involved in Shh-group MB progression. Disease-causative human RLIM and ZC4H2 mutations affect their interaction and regulation. Therefore, our study sheds light on the regulation of Shh signaling during cerebellar development and MB progression and provides insights into neural disorders caused by RLIM or ZC4H2 mutations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52205298,52375280 and 51775022)Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2022M710302 and 2022TQ0023)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Fabric-based composites with superior mechanical properties and excellent perceptive function are highly desirable.However,it remains a huge challenge to attain structure-function integration,especially for hybrid fabric composites.Herein,a skin-inspired interface modification strategy is proposed toward this target by constructing a hybrid smart fabric system consisting of two types of smart fabrics:carbon nanotube(CNT)/MXene-modified aramid fabrics and zinc oxide nanorod(ZnO NR)-modified carbon fabrics.Based on that,flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors with skin-like hierarchical perception interfaces are fabricated,which demonstrate superb sensitivity of 2.39 V·kPa^(-1)and are capable of various wearable monitoring tasks.Besides,the interface-modified hybrid fabric reinforced plastics can also be fabricated,which are proven to possess 13.6%higher tensile strength,10.1%elastic modulus.More impressively,their average energy absorption can be improved by 111.9%,accompanied with inherent damage alert capability.This offers a paradigm to fabricate structure-function integrated hybrid smart fabric composites for the smart clothing and intelligent aerial vehicles.
基金financial support from EPSRC,UK.the China Scholarship Council(CSC)for its financial support.
文摘Themass production and the practical number of cryogenic quantum devices producible in a single chip are limited to the number of electrical contact pads and wiring of the cryostat or dilution refrigerator.It is,therefore,beneficial to contrast themeasurements of hundreds of devices fabricated in a single chip in one cooldown process to promote the scalability,integrability,reliability,and reproducibility of quantum devices and to save evaluation time,cost and energy.Here,we used a cryogenic on-chip multiplexer architecture and investigated the statistics of the 0.7 anomaly observed on the first three plateaus of the quantized conductance of semiconductor quantum point contact(QPC)transistors.Our single chips contain 256 split gate field-effect QPC transistors(QFET)each,with two 16-branch multiplexed source-drain and gate pads,allowing individual transistors to be selected,addressed and controlled through an electrostatic gate voltage process.A total of 1280 quantum transistors with nano-scale dimensions are patterned in 5 different chips of GaAs heterostructures.From the measurements of 571 functioning QFETs taken at temperatures T[1.4 K and T[40 mK,it is found that the spontaneous polarisation model and Kondo effect do not fit our results.Furthermore,some of the features in our data largely agreed with van Hove model with short-range interactions.Our approach provides further insight into the quantum mechanical properties and microscopic origin of the 0.7 anomaly in QFETs,paving the way for the development of semiconducting quantum circuits and integrated cryogenic electronics,for scalable quantum logic control,readout,synthesis,and processing applications.
基金National Key Research&Development Program of China。
文摘Cancer informatics has significantly progressed in the big data era.We summarize the application of informatics approaches to the cancer domain from both the informatics perspective(e.g.,data management and data science)and the clinical perspective(e.g.,cancer screening,risk assessment,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis).We discuss various informatics methods and tools that are widely applied in cancer research and practices,such as cancer databases,data standards,terminologies,high‐throughput omics data mining,machine‐learning algorithms,artificial intelligence imaging,and intelligent radiation.We also address the informatics challenges within the cancer field that pursue better treatment decisions and patient outcomes,and focus on how informatics can provide opportunities for cancer research and practices.Finally,we conclude that the interdisciplinary nature of cancer informatics and collaborations are major drivers for future research and applications in clinical practices.It is hoped that this review is instrumental for cancer researchers and clinicians with its informatics‐specific insights.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3608000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.12222413 and 12074041)+5 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant Nos.23ZR1482200 and 22ZR1473300)the Funding of Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Program,the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo,Ningbo University(No.LJ2024003)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20240951)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.ZR2021QA031,ZR2023MA068,and ZR2024QA213)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Project Funding(No.QDBSH20240102115)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2243300003).
文摘Paramagnetic LaCoSi,a ternary intermetallic electride,consists of CoSi blocks separated by two layers of La atoms.Its structure is similar to that of the widely studied 111 system of iron-based superconductors.Utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations,we demonstrate the existence of linear bands and flat bands mainly originating from the orbitals of Co 3d states near the Fermi energy.The anomalous scattering rate of the linear bands varies linearly with the binding energy.The flat band above the Fermi energy indicated by the calculations could be modulated by substitutions and pressure to induce new ordered quantum phases,such as magnetism and superconductivity.Our findings reveal flat-band physics in electrides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21574038 and 21774031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research Groups (51621002)+6 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1100401)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (18ZR1410300)the "Eastern Scholar Professorship" from Shanghai local government (TP2014034)the national special fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering (2060204)the 1000 Talent Young Scholar program in China111 project (B14018)the program for professor of special appointment at ECUST
文摘Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)are frequently encountered for both nosocomial infections and community acquired infections,with special concerns on the quick emergence of methicillin resistant S.aureus(MRSA)[1,2].Antibiotics are used extensively to treat these infections[2].However,antimicrobial resistance has been a tremendous challenge against current antibiotic and calls for urgent actions to explore novel antimicrobial agents that are active against MRSA and are less susceptible to antimicrobial resistance than do conventional antibiotics[3–13].Encouraged by the low propensity for microbes to develop antimicrobial resistance,host defense peptides(HDPs)and their synthetic mimics were actively studied[3,4,14–34].Although peptidyl mimics of HDP have variable structures,many of them involved multiple copies ofα-L-lysine to introduce into the molecules positive charges that were critical for the antimicrobial activity[35,36].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871483 and 31671521 to B.M.,31500847 to P.M.,31771134 to N.S.,81571332 and 91232724 to Y.D.,and 31671509 to D.S.)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0104002 to Y.-Q.D.)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2018SHZDZX01)and ZJLab.
文摘ZC4H2 encodes a C4H2 type zinc-finger nuclear factor,the mutation of which has been associated with disorders with various clinical phenotypes in human,including developmental delay,intellectual disability and dystonia.ZC4H2 has been suggested to regulate spinal cord patterning in zebrafish as a co-factor for RNF220,an ubiquitin E3 ligase involved in Gli signaling.Here we showed that ZC4H2 and RNF220 knockout animals phenocopy each other in spinal patterning in both mouse and zebrafish,with mispatterned progenitor and neuronal domains in the ventral spinal cord.We showed evidence that ZC4H2 is required for the stability of RNF220 and also proper Gli ubiquitination and signaling in vivo.Our data provides new insights into the possible etiology of the neurodevelopmental impairments observed in ZC4H2-associated syndromes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075078,21861162010)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(20XD1421400)+1 种基金Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(Shanghai Municipal Education Commission)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JKD01211520).
文摘The massive use of antibiotics in aquaculture and resulted antibacterial resistance problem urgently need antibiotic substitutions. Herein, we report a promising substitution of aquaculture antibiotics using a synergistic combination of biodegradable peptide polymers and curcumin, a natural compound from plant. The synergistic combination shows strong antibacterial activity against V. fluvialis and some other common bacteria in aquaculture. The membrane-damaging antibacterial mechanism echoes our finding that the synergistic combination will not induce bacteria to develop resistance after continuous use. The synergistic combination also displays effective cure on V. fluvialis-infected zebrafish. The biodegradability of the peptide polymer enables the combination to lose antibacterial activity and will not cause selective pressure on bacterial in the environment. Our study indicates potential application of synergistic composition, biodegradable peptide polymer and curcumin, as promising antibiotic substitution in aquaculture, which represents a promising strategy to address the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0502700)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722905)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousand Plan for Young Top Talents(2020R52001)Major Program of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LD21F050002)"Pioneer"and"Leading Goose"Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2023C01051,2023C01186)。
文摘Optical singularity is pivotal in nature and has attracted wide interest from many disciplines nowadays,including optical communication,quantum optics,and biomedical imaging.Visualizing vortex lines formed by phase singularities and fabricating chiral nanostructures using the evolution of vortex lines are of great significance.In this paper,we introduce a promising method based on two-photon polymerization direct laser writing(2PP-DLW)to record the morphology of vortex lines generated by tightly focused multi-vortex beams(MVBs)at the nanoscale.Due to Gouy phase,the singularities of the MVBs rotate around the optical axis and move towards each other when approaching the focal plane.The propagation dynamics of vortex lines are recorded by 2PP-DLW,which explicitly exhibits the evolution of the phase singularities.Additionally,the MVBs are employed to fabricate stable three-dimensional chiral nanostructures due to the spiral-forward property of the vortex line.Because of the obvious chiral features of the manufactured nanostructures,a strong vortical dichroism is observed when excited by the light carrying orbital angular momentum.A number of applications can be envisioned with these chiral nanostructures,such as optical sensing,chiral separation,and information storage.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671521 and 31871483 to B.M.)Yunnan Basic Research Program(202001AS070036 to B.M.).
文摘TDP43 pathology is seen in a large majority of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)cases,suggesting a central pathogenic role of this regulatory protein.Clarifying the molecular mechanism controlling TDP43 stability and subcellular location might provide important insights into ALS therapy.The ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF220 is involved in different neural developmental processes through various molecular targets in the mouse.Here,we report that the RNF2207 mice showed progressively decreasing mobility to different extents,some of which developed typical ALS pathological characteristics in spinal motor neurons,including TDP43 cytoplasmic accumulation,atrocytosis,muscle denervation,and atrophy.Mechanistically,RNF220 interacts with TDP43 in vitro and in vivo and promotes its polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.In conclusion,we propose that RNF220 might be a modifier of TDP43 function in vivo and contribute to TDP43 pathology in neurodegenerative disease like ALS.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11604115 and 11547023)the Educational Commission of Jiangsu Province of China(Nos.18KJB140002 and 17KJA460004)the Huaian Science and Technology Funds(No.HAC201701)
文摘The apatite compound Ca4La6（SiO4）4（PO4）2O2（CLSPO） was explored as the host material for phosphors used in white light-emitting diodes（w LEDs）. The crystal structure of the CLSPO host prepared by the solid-state reaction method was investigated with Rietveld refinement. The rare earth ions(Eu3+/Tb3+/Ce3+, Tb3+/Tb3+, Mn2+)activated CLSPO phosphors were synthesized, and their photoluminescence properties, quantum yields, as well as thermal stabilities, were studied. Under near-ultraviolet excitations, the Eu3+ and Tb3+ -doped CLSPO compounds exhibited red and green emissions with high luminescence efficiencies. Besides, tunable emissions from green to orange were obtained by introducing Mn2+ ions into the Tb3+ -doped CLSPO samples. The results showed that the phosphors studied may have potential applications for w LEDs.
