Structural engineering of Pt-based nanoalloys is crucial for the rational design and manufacturing of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,we reported PtNi nanoparti...Structural engineering of Pt-based nanoalloys is crucial for the rational design and manufacturing of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,we reported PtNi nanoparticles with a refined size of 2.71 nm and regular strains loaded on carbon black,synthesized using the high-temperature liquid shock(HTLS)method.This approach offers significant advantages over conventional synthesis methods,including high scalability,rapid reaction rates,and precise control over the size and shape of nanocrystals.Importantly,the synthesized PtNi electrocatalysts demonstrate outstanding catalytic activity and long-term stability for HER,achieving low overpotentials of 19 and 203 mV at current densities of 10 and 1000 mA/cm^(2),respectively.The superior performance can be attributed to the combination of a refined particle size,lattice strains,and synergistic effects between Pt and Ni.This rapid liquid-state synthesis demonstrated here holds great potential for scalable and industrial manufacturing of micro-/nano-catalysts.展开更多
【目的】文章为探究再生水补水对城市水生态和水环境的具体影响,保障再生水安全、高效的利用,为再生水回用于城市河湖的研究提供参考。【方法】基于再生水在城市河湖生态补水领域的应用实践与研究成果,通过中国知网和Web of Science数据...【目的】文章为探究再生水补水对城市水生态和水环境的具体影响,保障再生水安全、高效的利用,为再生水回用于城市河湖的研究提供参考。【方法】基于再生水在城市河湖生态补水领域的应用实践与研究成果,通过中国知网和Web of Science数据库,检索与“再生水”“再生水生态补水”“reclaimed water”“reclaimed water recharge”相关的4万余篇文献,从年度发文量、研究焦点、发展趋势与前沿等角度进行研究分析。【结果】再生水补水将影响其流速和流量等关键参数,其中可能含有营养盐、重金属及新型污染物等成分,会改变受纳河湖水质,影响水生生物的生长速率和群落结构。相关文献统计,受纳水体在增加补水频率、增设补水点或加倍补水量等措施实施后,整体水质有所改善。【结论】再生水补给河湖能够改善水质,但其对生态环境健康的考虑相对不足,且各项水质标准规范的约束性指标数量和阈值存在差异,这进一步增加了潜在的生态环境风险,并且补水影响因素的设置与调控会影响再生水的补水效果。同时,未来研究应聚焦探索再生水补水改善河湖水环境的机制,提升污水处理技术,完善评价体系及构建智慧管理平台,以管控补水风险、保障生态环境安全和优化补水模式,推进城市河湖生态的健康、和谐与可持续发展。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12205165)Hebei Province Innovation Ability Improvement Plan Project(No.225676111H).
文摘Structural engineering of Pt-based nanoalloys is crucial for the rational design and manufacturing of high-performance and low-cost electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,we reported PtNi nanoparticles with a refined size of 2.71 nm and regular strains loaded on carbon black,synthesized using the high-temperature liquid shock(HTLS)method.This approach offers significant advantages over conventional synthesis methods,including high scalability,rapid reaction rates,and precise control over the size and shape of nanocrystals.Importantly,the synthesized PtNi electrocatalysts demonstrate outstanding catalytic activity and long-term stability for HER,achieving low overpotentials of 19 and 203 mV at current densities of 10 and 1000 mA/cm^(2),respectively.The superior performance can be attributed to the combination of a refined particle size,lattice strains,and synergistic effects between Pt and Ni.This rapid liquid-state synthesis demonstrated here holds great potential for scalable and industrial manufacturing of micro-/nano-catalysts.
文摘【目的】文章为探究再生水补水对城市水生态和水环境的具体影响,保障再生水安全、高效的利用,为再生水回用于城市河湖的研究提供参考。【方法】基于再生水在城市河湖生态补水领域的应用实践与研究成果,通过中国知网和Web of Science数据库,检索与“再生水”“再生水生态补水”“reclaimed water”“reclaimed water recharge”相关的4万余篇文献,从年度发文量、研究焦点、发展趋势与前沿等角度进行研究分析。【结果】再生水补水将影响其流速和流量等关键参数,其中可能含有营养盐、重金属及新型污染物等成分,会改变受纳河湖水质,影响水生生物的生长速率和群落结构。相关文献统计,受纳水体在增加补水频率、增设补水点或加倍补水量等措施实施后,整体水质有所改善。【结论】再生水补给河湖能够改善水质,但其对生态环境健康的考虑相对不足,且各项水质标准规范的约束性指标数量和阈值存在差异,这进一步增加了潜在的生态环境风险,并且补水影响因素的设置与调控会影响再生水的补水效果。同时,未来研究应聚焦探索再生水补水改善河湖水环境的机制,提升污水处理技术,完善评价体系及构建智慧管理平台,以管控补水风险、保障生态环境安全和优化补水模式,推进城市河湖生态的健康、和谐与可持续发展。
