Pedestrian level of service(PLOS)is an important measure of performance in the analysis of existing pedestrian crosswalk conditions.Many researchers have developed PLOS models based on pedestrian delay,turning vehicle...Pedestrian level of service(PLOS)is an important measure of performance in the analysis of existing pedestrian crosswalk conditions.Many researchers have developed PLOS models based on pedestrian delay,turning vehicle effect,etc.,using the conventional regression method.However,these factors may not effectively reflect the pedestrians'perception of safety while crossing the crosswalk.The conventional regression method has failed to estimate accurate PLOS because of the primary assumption of an arbitrary probability distribution and vagueness in the input data.Moreover,PLOS categories in existing studies are based on rigid threshold values and the boundaries that are not well defined.Therefore,it is an important attempt to develop a PLOS model with respect to pedestrian safety,convenience,and efficiency at signalized intersections.For this purpose,a video-graphic and user perception surveys were conducted at selected nine signalized intersections in Mumbai,India.The data such as pedestrian,traffic,and geometric characteristics were extracted,and significant variables were identified using Pearson correlation analysis.A consistent and statistically calibrated PLOS model was developed using fuzzy linear regression analysis.PLOS was categorized into six levels(A–F)based on the predicted user perception score,and threshold values for each level were estimated using the fuzzy c-means clustering technique.The developed PLOS model and threshold values were validated with the fieldobserved data.Statistical performance tests were conducted and the results provided more accurate and reliable solutions.In conclusion,this study provides a feasible alternative to measure pedestrian perception-based level of service at signalized intersections.The developed PLOS model and threshold values would be useful for planning and designing pedestrian facilities and also in evaluating and improving the existing conditions of pedestrian facilities at signalized intersections.展开更多
The pedestrian crossing speed is one of the important factors in pedestrian crossing facility design.Research studies have shown that the pedestrian crossing speed is influenced by availability of green time at signal...The pedestrian crossing speed is one of the important factors in pedestrian crossing facility design.Research studies have shown that the pedestrian crossing speed is influenced by availability of green time at signalized crosswalks and pedestrian characteristics such as gender and age.However,the effects of vehicular time gap and additional pedestrian behavioural characteristics on pedestrian crossing speed patterns have not been examined at unprotected(un-signalized)mid-block crosswalks.The present study examines the pedestrian crossing speed change patterns considering the effect of vehicular time gap and pedestrian behavioural characteristics such as rolling behaviour,path change,etc.,at selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations under mixed traffic conditions in India.Video graphic survey has been conducted at eight selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations in Mumbai City for two to three hours duration during normal weather conditions.The data was mined using AVS video editor software,and the extracted data includes pedestrian speed,pedestrian characteristics(gender and age),pedestrian behaviour(rolling behaviour,path change,etc.),vehicle characteristics(type and speed of the vehicle)and traffic characteristics.Pedestrian crossing speed change patterns(whether pedestrian is changing speed or not while crossing a road)was considered as a binary variable and a logistic regression model was developed with vehicular gaps and other pedestrian behavioural characteristics as independent variables.The results revealed that there is a reduction in pedestrian crossing speed change behaviour with an increase in vehicular gap size at unprotected mid-block crosswalks.The younger pedestrians have more probability of exhibiting crossing speed change patterns as compared to the elderly pedestrians at mid-block crosswalks.Further,it is identified that there is an increase in pedestrian crossing speed with increase in vehicle speed as well as heavy vehicle type.Pedestrian behavioural characteristics also have a significant influence on crossing speed.The study findings would provide useful information to designers and policy makers for design of pedestrian crossing facility under mixed traffic conditions.展开更多
文摘Pedestrian level of service(PLOS)is an important measure of performance in the analysis of existing pedestrian crosswalk conditions.Many researchers have developed PLOS models based on pedestrian delay,turning vehicle effect,etc.,using the conventional regression method.However,these factors may not effectively reflect the pedestrians'perception of safety while crossing the crosswalk.The conventional regression method has failed to estimate accurate PLOS because of the primary assumption of an arbitrary probability distribution and vagueness in the input data.Moreover,PLOS categories in existing studies are based on rigid threshold values and the boundaries that are not well defined.Therefore,it is an important attempt to develop a PLOS model with respect to pedestrian safety,convenience,and efficiency at signalized intersections.For this purpose,a video-graphic and user perception surveys were conducted at selected nine signalized intersections in Mumbai,India.The data such as pedestrian,traffic,and geometric characteristics were extracted,and significant variables were identified using Pearson correlation analysis.A consistent and statistically calibrated PLOS model was developed using fuzzy linear regression analysis.PLOS was categorized into six levels(A–F)based on the predicted user perception score,and threshold values for each level were estimated using the fuzzy c-means clustering technique.The developed PLOS model and threshold values were validated with the fieldobserved data.Statistical performance tests were conducted and the results provided more accurate and reliable solutions.In conclusion,this study provides a feasible alternative to measure pedestrian perception-based level of service at signalized intersections.The developed PLOS model and threshold values would be useful for planning and designing pedestrian facilities and also in evaluating and improving the existing conditions of pedestrian facilities at signalized intersections.
文摘The pedestrian crossing speed is one of the important factors in pedestrian crossing facility design.Research studies have shown that the pedestrian crossing speed is influenced by availability of green time at signalized crosswalks and pedestrian characteristics such as gender and age.However,the effects of vehicular time gap and additional pedestrian behavioural characteristics on pedestrian crossing speed patterns have not been examined at unprotected(un-signalized)mid-block crosswalks.The present study examines the pedestrian crossing speed change patterns considering the effect of vehicular time gap and pedestrian behavioural characteristics such as rolling behaviour,path change,etc.,at selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations under mixed traffic conditions in India.Video graphic survey has been conducted at eight selected unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations in Mumbai City for two to three hours duration during normal weather conditions.The data was mined using AVS video editor software,and the extracted data includes pedestrian speed,pedestrian characteristics(gender and age),pedestrian behaviour(rolling behaviour,path change,etc.),vehicle characteristics(type and speed of the vehicle)and traffic characteristics.Pedestrian crossing speed change patterns(whether pedestrian is changing speed or not while crossing a road)was considered as a binary variable and a logistic regression model was developed with vehicular gaps and other pedestrian behavioural characteristics as independent variables.The results revealed that there is a reduction in pedestrian crossing speed change behaviour with an increase in vehicular gap size at unprotected mid-block crosswalks.The younger pedestrians have more probability of exhibiting crossing speed change patterns as compared to the elderly pedestrians at mid-block crosswalks.Further,it is identified that there is an increase in pedestrian crossing speed with increase in vehicle speed as well as heavy vehicle type.Pedestrian behavioural characteristics also have a significant influence on crossing speed.The study findings would provide useful information to designers and policy makers for design of pedestrian crossing facility under mixed traffic conditions.
