Recently,vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs)finds applicability in different domains such as security,rescue operations,intelligent transportation systems(ITS),etc.VANET has unique features like high mobility,limited mo...Recently,vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs)finds applicability in different domains such as security,rescue operations,intelligent transportation systems(ITS),etc.VANET has unique features like high mobility,limited mobility patterns,adequate topologymodifications,and wireless communication.Despite the benefits of VANET,scalability is a challenging issue which could be addressed by the use of cluster-based routing techniques.It enables the vehicles to perform intercluster communication via chosen CHs and optimal routes.The main drawback of VANET network is the network unsteadiness that results in minimum lifetime.In order to avoid reduced network lifetime in VANET,this paper presents an enhanced metaheuristics based clustering with multihop routing technique for lifetime maximization(EMCMHR-LM)in VANET.The presented EMCMHR-LM model involves the procedure of arranging clusters,cluster head(CH)selection,and route selection appropriate for VANETs.The presentedEMCMHR-LMmodel uses slime mold optimization based clustering(SMO-C)technique to group the vehicles into clusters.Besides,an enhanced wild horse optimization based multihop routing(EWHO-MHR)protocol by the optimization of network parameters.The presented EMCMHR-LMmodel is simulated usingNetwork Simulator(NS3)tool and the simulation outcomes reported the enhanced performance of the proposed EMCMHR-LM technique over the other models.展开更多
The corrosion of the mild steel in i mol/L H2SO4 was investigated using Leucaena leucocephala pod extract （LLPE） as corrosion inhibitor by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency of 95% was...The corrosion of the mild steel in i mol/L H2SO4 was investigated using Leucaena leucocephala pod extract （LLPE） as corrosion inhibitor by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency of 95% was achieved with 500×10^-6 of LLPE at 308 K. The polarization studies showed that LLPE acted as mixed type inhibitor. The adsorption of the studied inhibitor on mild steel obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Protective film formation against acid attack was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD and SEM techniques.展开更多
文摘Recently,vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs)finds applicability in different domains such as security,rescue operations,intelligent transportation systems(ITS),etc.VANET has unique features like high mobility,limited mobility patterns,adequate topologymodifications,and wireless communication.Despite the benefits of VANET,scalability is a challenging issue which could be addressed by the use of cluster-based routing techniques.It enables the vehicles to perform intercluster communication via chosen CHs and optimal routes.The main drawback of VANET network is the network unsteadiness that results in minimum lifetime.In order to avoid reduced network lifetime in VANET,this paper presents an enhanced metaheuristics based clustering with multihop routing technique for lifetime maximization(EMCMHR-LM)in VANET.The presented EMCMHR-LM model involves the procedure of arranging clusters,cluster head(CH)selection,and route selection appropriate for VANETs.The presentedEMCMHR-LMmodel uses slime mold optimization based clustering(SMO-C)technique to group the vehicles into clusters.Besides,an enhanced wild horse optimization based multihop routing(EWHO-MHR)protocol by the optimization of network parameters.The presented EMCMHR-LMmodel is simulated usingNetwork Simulator(NS3)tool and the simulation outcomes reported the enhanced performance of the proposed EMCMHR-LM technique over the other models.
文摘The corrosion of the mild steel in i mol/L H2SO4 was investigated using Leucaena leucocephala pod extract （LLPE） as corrosion inhibitor by weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency of 95% was achieved with 500×10^-6 of LLPE at 308 K. The polarization studies showed that LLPE acted as mixed type inhibitor. The adsorption of the studied inhibitor on mild steel obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Protective film formation against acid attack was confirmed by FT-IR, XRD and SEM techniques.
