Fungal plant diseases are infections caused by pathogenic fungi that affect crops,ornamental plants,and trees.Symptoms of these diseases can include leaf spots,fruit rot,root rot,and generalized growth retardation.Fun...Fungal plant diseases are infections caused by pathogenic fungi that affect crops,ornamental plants,and trees.Symptoms of these diseases can include leaf spots,fruit rot,root rot,and generalized growth retardation.Fungal diseases can result in decreased quality and quantity of crops,which can have a negative economic impact on farmers and producers.Moreover,these diseases can cause environmental damage.Indeed,fungal diseases can directly affect crops by reducing plant growth and yield,as well as altering their quality and nutritional value.Although effective,the use of many chemical products is often harmful to health and the environment,and their use is increasingly restricted due to their high toxicity.To address this issue,it is becoming increasingly essential to replace these chemical products with products that respect the environment and human health,and for sustainable agriculture,such as regenerative agricultural practices.Regenerative agricultural practices such as crop rotation,intercropping,composting,and notill farming techniques can offer sustainable solutions for the prevention and control of plant fungal diseases.These regenratives approaches not only help to control fungal plant disease by strengthening plant disease resistance,but also significantly contribute to the improvement of sustainable agriculture,by restoring soil health,increasing biodiversity and reducing the use of harmful chemicals to the environment and human health in order to keep a long-termecosystem resilience,promote environmental sustainability,and support global food security.Using regenerative agricultural practices can provide a holistic and effective approach to controlling fungal plant diseases while improving the health and productivity of farming systems.展开更多
Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium spp.are entomopathogenic fungi with potential applications beyond insect pest control,including plant disease suppression,plant growth promotion,and rhizosphere colonization.This stu...Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium spp.are entomopathogenic fungi with potential applications beyond insect pest control,including plant disease suppression,plant growth promotion,and rhizosphere colonization.This study investigated the plant growth-promoting characteristics and extracellular enzyme activities of Metarhizium spp.and B.bassiana in relation to phytopathogen interactions and plant growth.Additionally,the efficacy of these fungi in mitigating damping-off and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani on cucumber plants was evalu-ated in vitro and in vivo.Results indicate that B.bassiana and M.anisopliae produce indole-3-acetic acid,hydro-cyanic acid,and hydrolytic enzymes.Seed treatment with these fungi significantly reduced disease severity(3.85%–1.86%,respectively)and enhanced germination parameters[germination percentage(85.33%–86%,respectively),germination index(10.67–12.29,respectively),seedling length vigor index(86.41–109.44,respec-tively),and seedling weight vigor index(30.24–37.57,respectively)]compared to the control positive.Both fungi demonstrated high inhibition rates of R.solani mycelial growth(93.90%–90.46%,respectively).Greenhouse trials revealed that preventive treatments using B.bassiana and M.anisopliae increased catalase(104.40–105.52 units/mg protein/min,respectively),(4.58–5.77 units/mg protein/min,respectively),superoxide dismutase(40.65–41.74 units/mg protein/min,respectively),and polyphenol oxidase(0.539–0.559 units/mg protein/min,respectively)activities,as well as total phenolic(2.60–2.65 mg/g,respectively)and total sugar content(2.23–2.16 mg/g,respectively)in cucumber plants.Consequently,disease severity(9.51–6.99%,respectively)was reduced,and plant height(93.76–98.76 cm,respectively)increased compared to the positive control.Thesefind-ings suggest that B.bassiana and M.anisopliae can enhance plant growth,stimulate plant defense mechanisms,and effectively control damping-off and root rot diseases,making them promising candidates for biological con-trol strategies.展开更多
基金provided by SIRAM project within the framework of PRIMA,a program supported by H2020,the European Program for Research and Innovation and the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research(MERS).
文摘Fungal plant diseases are infections caused by pathogenic fungi that affect crops,ornamental plants,and trees.Symptoms of these diseases can include leaf spots,fruit rot,root rot,and generalized growth retardation.Fungal diseases can result in decreased quality and quantity of crops,which can have a negative economic impact on farmers and producers.Moreover,these diseases can cause environmental damage.Indeed,fungal diseases can directly affect crops by reducing plant growth and yield,as well as altering their quality and nutritional value.Although effective,the use of many chemical products is often harmful to health and the environment,and their use is increasingly restricted due to their high toxicity.To address this issue,it is becoming increasingly essential to replace these chemical products with products that respect the environment and human health,and for sustainable agriculture,such as regenerative agricultural practices.Regenerative agricultural practices such as crop rotation,intercropping,composting,and notill farming techniques can offer sustainable solutions for the prevention and control of plant fungal diseases.These regenratives approaches not only help to control fungal plant disease by strengthening plant disease resistance,but also significantly contribute to the improvement of sustainable agriculture,by restoring soil health,increasing biodiversity and reducing the use of harmful chemicals to the environment and human health in order to keep a long-termecosystem resilience,promote environmental sustainability,and support global food security.Using regenerative agricultural practices can provide a holistic and effective approach to controlling fungal plant diseases while improving the health and productivity of farming systems.
文摘Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium spp.are entomopathogenic fungi with potential applications beyond insect pest control,including plant disease suppression,plant growth promotion,and rhizosphere colonization.This study investigated the plant growth-promoting characteristics and extracellular enzyme activities of Metarhizium spp.and B.bassiana in relation to phytopathogen interactions and plant growth.Additionally,the efficacy of these fungi in mitigating damping-off and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani on cucumber plants was evalu-ated in vitro and in vivo.Results indicate that B.bassiana and M.anisopliae produce indole-3-acetic acid,hydro-cyanic acid,and hydrolytic enzymes.Seed treatment with these fungi significantly reduced disease severity(3.85%–1.86%,respectively)and enhanced germination parameters[germination percentage(85.33%–86%,respectively),germination index(10.67–12.29,respectively),seedling length vigor index(86.41–109.44,respec-tively),and seedling weight vigor index(30.24–37.57,respectively)]compared to the control positive.Both fungi demonstrated high inhibition rates of R.solani mycelial growth(93.90%–90.46%,respectively).Greenhouse trials revealed that preventive treatments using B.bassiana and M.anisopliae increased catalase(104.40–105.52 units/mg protein/min,respectively),(4.58–5.77 units/mg protein/min,respectively),superoxide dismutase(40.65–41.74 units/mg protein/min,respectively),and polyphenol oxidase(0.539–0.559 units/mg protein/min,respectively)activities,as well as total phenolic(2.60–2.65 mg/g,respectively)and total sugar content(2.23–2.16 mg/g,respectively)in cucumber plants.Consequently,disease severity(9.51–6.99%,respectively)was reduced,and plant height(93.76–98.76 cm,respectively)increased compared to the positive control.Thesefind-ings suggest that B.bassiana and M.anisopliae can enhance plant growth,stimulate plant defense mechanisms,and effectively control damping-off and root rot diseases,making them promising candidates for biological con-trol strategies.
