Drought is one of the most damaging abiotic stress. Different plants response differently to drought stress. Abiotic stresses such as drought induced diverse physicological and molecular responses in plants. These res...Drought is one of the most damaging abiotic stress. Different plants response differently to drought stress. Abiotic stresses such as drought induced diverse physicological and molecular responses in plants. These responses include changes in gene expression. One of drought tolerance gene is a gene encoding dehydrin which is belongs to the group II or D-11 LEA protein family. LEA-D11 gene produce dehydrin protein which has a role in stabilization of membrane structures and protection of macromolecules in the presence of drought. The aims of the study was to identify and to characterize the LEA-D11 gene in various soybean varieties. This research used seven varieties of soybean: Tanggamus, Nanti, Seulawah, Tidar (drought tolerant), Wilis and Burangrang (drought moderate) and Detam-1 (drought susceptible). DNA genome of those varieties was isolated using the methods from Doyle & Doyle [1]. DNA amplification was conducted using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers designed based on GmLEA-D11 gene sequence database from the NCBI. The DNA targets were sequenced using automatic sequencing machine, ABI 3130xl Genetic Analyzer, in Eijkman Institution. The result of this study showed that the sequences of Gm-LEA-D11 gene possessed by drought tolerance varieties (Tanggamus, Nanti, Seulawah and Tidar) and moderately tolerance (Wilis and Burangrang) were similar. However, the sequence of GmLEA-D11 gene detected in the drought susceptible variety Detam-1 was different from the two groups. Similarity between drought tolerance and moderately tolerance indicate that there is not only LEA-D11 gene responsible to drought tolerance but also others. The primer and sequences GmLEA-D11 gene can be used as molecular marker and capable of differentiating between drought susceptible and drought moderate to drought tolerant.展开更多
Introduction: Early stimulation of the auditory sense is essential for the development of language and speech. In children with a cochlear implant, the most common issue is whether the hearing has been optimized or no...Introduction: Early stimulation of the auditory sense is essential for the development of language and speech. In children with a cochlear implant, the most common issue is whether the hearing has been optimized or not, as they are still unable to provide reliable feedback regarding their hearing ability. Thus, electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) based fitting has been used as one of the available methods in programming a cochlear implant (CI) audio processor. As eSRT is an objective test, patient cooperation was not needed making it especially beneficial for children with CI who have limitations in providing feedback. Now that eSRT has been applied commonly almost worldwide, the goal of this study is to determine the normative value of eSRT among the pediatric population in Indonesia. Methods: A total of 32 pediatric CI users in the age range 3 - 11 years implanted with Med-El cochlear implant were included in this study. ESRT was performed during follow-up mapping between September 2021 and January 2022 in the Med-El Indonesia hearing center. Results: The result of the present study showed an average normative value of 20.55 qus. This finding is consistent with the values obtained in previous studies. Conclusion: The result found can be used as a valuable indicator of average optimised MCL among the pediatric population.展开更多
文摘Drought is one of the most damaging abiotic stress. Different plants response differently to drought stress. Abiotic stresses such as drought induced diverse physicological and molecular responses in plants. These responses include changes in gene expression. One of drought tolerance gene is a gene encoding dehydrin which is belongs to the group II or D-11 LEA protein family. LEA-D11 gene produce dehydrin protein which has a role in stabilization of membrane structures and protection of macromolecules in the presence of drought. The aims of the study was to identify and to characterize the LEA-D11 gene in various soybean varieties. This research used seven varieties of soybean: Tanggamus, Nanti, Seulawah, Tidar (drought tolerant), Wilis and Burangrang (drought moderate) and Detam-1 (drought susceptible). DNA genome of those varieties was isolated using the methods from Doyle & Doyle [1]. DNA amplification was conducted using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers designed based on GmLEA-D11 gene sequence database from the NCBI. The DNA targets were sequenced using automatic sequencing machine, ABI 3130xl Genetic Analyzer, in Eijkman Institution. The result of this study showed that the sequences of Gm-LEA-D11 gene possessed by drought tolerance varieties (Tanggamus, Nanti, Seulawah and Tidar) and moderately tolerance (Wilis and Burangrang) were similar. However, the sequence of GmLEA-D11 gene detected in the drought susceptible variety Detam-1 was different from the two groups. Similarity between drought tolerance and moderately tolerance indicate that there is not only LEA-D11 gene responsible to drought tolerance but also others. The primer and sequences GmLEA-D11 gene can be used as molecular marker and capable of differentiating between drought susceptible and drought moderate to drought tolerant.
文摘Introduction: Early stimulation of the auditory sense is essential for the development of language and speech. In children with a cochlear implant, the most common issue is whether the hearing has been optimized or not, as they are still unable to provide reliable feedback regarding their hearing ability. Thus, electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) based fitting has been used as one of the available methods in programming a cochlear implant (CI) audio processor. As eSRT is an objective test, patient cooperation was not needed making it especially beneficial for children with CI who have limitations in providing feedback. Now that eSRT has been applied commonly almost worldwide, the goal of this study is to determine the normative value of eSRT among the pediatric population in Indonesia. Methods: A total of 32 pediatric CI users in the age range 3 - 11 years implanted with Med-El cochlear implant were included in this study. ESRT was performed during follow-up mapping between September 2021 and January 2022 in the Med-El Indonesia hearing center. Results: The result of the present study showed an average normative value of 20.55 qus. This finding is consistent with the values obtained in previous studies. Conclusion: The result found can be used as a valuable indicator of average optimised MCL among the pediatric population.
