AIM： To evaluate effect of hypertension on retinal ganglion cell（RGC） apoptosis, intraocular pressure（IOP）,and the activation of endothelin-1（ET-1） signaling pathway in central retinal artery（CRA） in rats.MET...AIM： To evaluate effect of hypertension on retinal ganglion cell（RGC） apoptosis, intraocular pressure（IOP）,and the activation of endothelin-1（ET-1） signaling pathway in central retinal artery（CRA） in rats.METHODS： The experimental study was performed on20 male Sprague Dawley rats that were divided into control group, and hypertension groups. The hypertension was induced by subcutaneous deoxycorticoacetate（DOCA）10 mg/kg twice a week and administered 0.9% Na Cl solution daily for 2, 6, and 10 wk. Blood pressure（BP） was measured using animal BP analyzer. IOP was measured by handheld tonometry. Retinal tissue preparations by paraffin blocks were made after enucleation. The expression of ET-1, e NOS, ET-1 receptor A（ETRA）, ET-1receptor B（ETRB）, and phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase（MLCK）, and caldesmon（Ca D） in CRA and RGC apoptosis were evaluated through immunofluorescent staining method then observed using laser scanning confocal microscopy. RESULTS： BP significantly increased in all of the hypertension groups compared to control（P =0.001）.Peak IOP elevation（7.78±4.14 mm Hg） and RGC apoptosis（576.15±33.28 Au） occurred on 2wk of hypertension. ET-1expression（1238.6±55.1 Au） and e NOS expression（2814.2±70.7 Au） were found highest in 2wk of hypertension,although the ratio of ET-1/e NOS decreased since 2wk.ETRAreached peak expression in 10 wk of hypertension（1219.4 ±6.3 Au）, while ETRBsignificantly increased only in 2 weeks group（1069.2 ±9.6 Au）. The highest MLCK expression（1190.09±58.32 Au）, Ca D（1670.28±18.36 Au）were also found in 2wk of hypertension.CONCLUSION： Hypertension effects to activation of ET-1 signaling pathway significantly in CRA, elevation of IOP, and RGC apoptosis. The highest value was achieved at 2wk, which is the development phase of hypertension.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of ethanolic extract of Physalis minima on lowering blood pressure in the DOCA-salts hypertensive rats.METHODS To produce hypertension,male rats were induced DOCA at dose of 10mg·k...OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of ethanolic extract of Physalis minima on lowering blood pressure in the DOCA-salts hypertensive rats.METHODS To produce hypertension,male rats were induced DOCA at dose of 10mg·kg-1 ip.twice weekly and 0.9% NaCl in drinking water ad libitum for six weeks.The ethanolic extract of Physalis minima were given at dose of 500,1500 and 2500mg·kg-1,respectively for 4weeks.After completion of treatment schedule,systolic blood pressure was evaluated using animal blood pressure analyzer.The serum nitric oxide levels was measured using the ELISA methods.SOD activity and MDA level were determined spectrophotometrically.Endothelial dysfunction was determined by acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation studies on isolated rat aortas.RESULTS The extract decreased systolic blood pressure significantly(P<0.001)in hypertensive rats.In addition,the extract also suppressed the production of MDA and restored SOD activity to normal level.There was a reduced relaxation response to acetylcholine in isolated aortic rings and serum NO level from hypertensive rats that were reversed by extract.CONCLUSION Physalis minima can lower blood pressure in hypertensive rats and its mechanism may be through the improvement of endothelial function due to the decrease of stress oxidative.展开更多
基金Foundation:Directorate General of Higher Education(DGHE),National Education Ministry Republic of Indonesia
文摘AIM： To evaluate effect of hypertension on retinal ganglion cell（RGC） apoptosis, intraocular pressure（IOP）,and the activation of endothelin-1（ET-1） signaling pathway in central retinal artery（CRA） in rats.METHODS： The experimental study was performed on20 male Sprague Dawley rats that were divided into control group, and hypertension groups. The hypertension was induced by subcutaneous deoxycorticoacetate（DOCA）10 mg/kg twice a week and administered 0.9% Na Cl solution daily for 2, 6, and 10 wk. Blood pressure（BP） was measured using animal BP analyzer. IOP was measured by handheld tonometry. Retinal tissue preparations by paraffin blocks were made after enucleation. The expression of ET-1, e NOS, ET-1 receptor A（ETRA）, ET-1receptor B（ETRB）, and phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase（MLCK）, and caldesmon（Ca D） in CRA and RGC apoptosis were evaluated through immunofluorescent staining method then observed using laser scanning confocal microscopy. RESULTS： BP significantly increased in all of the hypertension groups compared to control（P =0.001）.Peak IOP elevation（7.78±4.14 mm Hg） and RGC apoptosis（576.15±33.28 Au） occurred on 2wk of hypertension. ET-1expression（1238.6±55.1 Au） and e NOS expression（2814.2±70.7 Au） were found highest in 2wk of hypertension,although the ratio of ET-1/e NOS decreased since 2wk.ETRAreached peak expression in 10 wk of hypertension（1219.4 ±6.3 Au）, while ETRBsignificantly increased only in 2 weeks group（1069.2 ±9.6 Au）. The highest MLCK expression（1190.09±58.32 Au）, Ca D（1670.28±18.36 Au）were also found in 2wk of hypertension.CONCLUSION： Hypertension effects to activation of ET-1 signaling pathway significantly in CRA, elevation of IOP, and RGC apoptosis. The highest value was achieved at 2wk, which is the development phase of hypertension.
基金The project supported by Republic of Indonesia through the Ministry of National Education Health Professional Education Quality(HPEQ Project)IBRD LOAN NO.7737-IND
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of ethanolic extract of Physalis minima on lowering blood pressure in the DOCA-salts hypertensive rats.METHODS To produce hypertension,male rats were induced DOCA at dose of 10mg·kg-1 ip.twice weekly and 0.9% NaCl in drinking water ad libitum for six weeks.The ethanolic extract of Physalis minima were given at dose of 500,1500 and 2500mg·kg-1,respectively for 4weeks.After completion of treatment schedule,systolic blood pressure was evaluated using animal blood pressure analyzer.The serum nitric oxide levels was measured using the ELISA methods.SOD activity and MDA level were determined spectrophotometrically.Endothelial dysfunction was determined by acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation studies on isolated rat aortas.RESULTS The extract decreased systolic blood pressure significantly(P<0.001)in hypertensive rats.In addition,the extract also suppressed the production of MDA and restored SOD activity to normal level.There was a reduced relaxation response to acetylcholine in isolated aortic rings and serum NO level from hypertensive rats that were reversed by extract.CONCLUSION Physalis minima can lower blood pressure in hypertensive rats and its mechanism may be through the improvement of endothelial function due to the decrease of stress oxidative.
