Photothermal catalysis is a synergetic process where photocatalysis and thermal catalysis work together to promote catalytic reactions,which compensates for the critical shortcomings of photocatalysis and thermal cata...Photothermal catalysis is a synergetic process where photocatalysis and thermal catalysis work together to promote catalytic reactions,which compensates for the critical shortcomings of photocatalysis and thermal catalysis,achieving an effect of 1+1>2.Previous reviews have summarized the mechanism of photothermal catalysis and its specific application in certain fields,but few have systematically analyzed the essential factors affecting the activity of photothermal catalysis,or provided a comprehensive summary of its application fields.In this review,the superiority of photothermal catalysis over individual photocatalysis and thermal catalysis will be comprehensively discussed with the aim to emphasize the importance of developing photothermal catalysis.After elucidating the basic mechanism of photothermal catalysis,an ample discussion on the factors influencing the catalytic activity of photothermal materials is provided from the following three perspectives:morphology,localized surface plasmon resonance,and defective structure of photothermal materials.Subsequently,this review summarizes the broad applications of photothermal catalysis in environmental management and energy conversion.Finally,this review discusses the challenges encountered in photothermal catalysis technology and proposes directions for future development.It provides new perspectives and a profound understanding of photothermal materials in photothermal environmental governance and energy conversion.展开更多
Ceramics of the composition BaBiO_(3)(BB)were sintered in oxygen to obtain a single phase with monoclinic I2/m symmetry as suggested by high-resolution X-ray diffraction.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the ...Ceramics of the composition BaBiO_(3)(BB)were sintered in oxygen to obtain a single phase with monoclinic I2/m symmetry as suggested by high-resolution X-ray diffraction.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of bismuth in two valence states—3þand 5þ.Optical spectroscopy showed presence of a direct bandgap at-2.2 eV and a possible indirect bandgap at-0.9 eV.This combined with determination of the activation energy for conduction of 0.25 eV,as obtained from ac impedance spectroscopy,suggested that a polaron-mediated conduction mechanism was prevalent in BB.The BB ceramics were crushed,mixed with BaTiO_(3)(BT),and sintered to obtain BT–BB solid solutions.All the ceramics had tetragonal symmetry and exhibited a normal ferroelectric-like dielectric response.Using ac impedance and optical spectroscopy,it was shown that resistivity values of BT–BB were orders of magnitude higher than BT or BB alone,indicating a change in the fundamental defect equilibrium conditions.A shift in the site occupancy of Bi to the A-site is proposed to be the mechanism for the increased electrical resistivity.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52161145409,21976116)State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs(SAFEA)of China(“Belt and Road”Innovative Talent Exchange Foreign Expert Project,2023041004L+1 种基金Highend Foreign Expert Project,G2023041021L)Alexander-vonHumboldt Foundation of Germany(Group-Linkage Program)。
文摘Photothermal catalysis is a synergetic process where photocatalysis and thermal catalysis work together to promote catalytic reactions,which compensates for the critical shortcomings of photocatalysis and thermal catalysis,achieving an effect of 1+1>2.Previous reviews have summarized the mechanism of photothermal catalysis and its specific application in certain fields,but few have systematically analyzed the essential factors affecting the activity of photothermal catalysis,or provided a comprehensive summary of its application fields.In this review,the superiority of photothermal catalysis over individual photocatalysis and thermal catalysis will be comprehensively discussed with the aim to emphasize the importance of developing photothermal catalysis.After elucidating the basic mechanism of photothermal catalysis,an ample discussion on the factors influencing the catalytic activity of photothermal materials is provided from the following three perspectives:morphology,localized surface plasmon resonance,and defective structure of photothermal materials.Subsequently,this review summarizes the broad applications of photothermal catalysis in environmental management and energy conversion.Finally,this review discusses the challenges encountered in photothermal catalysis technology and proposes directions for future development.It provides new perspectives and a profound understanding of photothermal materials in photothermal environmental governance and energy conversion.
基金the National Science Foundation under Grant No.DMR-1308032Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S.Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357.
文摘Ceramics of the composition BaBiO_(3)(BB)were sintered in oxygen to obtain a single phase with monoclinic I2/m symmetry as suggested by high-resolution X-ray diffraction.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of bismuth in two valence states—3þand 5þ.Optical spectroscopy showed presence of a direct bandgap at-2.2 eV and a possible indirect bandgap at-0.9 eV.This combined with determination of the activation energy for conduction of 0.25 eV,as obtained from ac impedance spectroscopy,suggested that a polaron-mediated conduction mechanism was prevalent in BB.The BB ceramics were crushed,mixed with BaTiO_(3)(BT),and sintered to obtain BT–BB solid solutions.All the ceramics had tetragonal symmetry and exhibited a normal ferroelectric-like dielectric response.Using ac impedance and optical spectroscopy,it was shown that resistivity values of BT–BB were orders of magnitude higher than BT or BB alone,indicating a change in the fundamental defect equilibrium conditions.A shift in the site occupancy of Bi to the A-site is proposed to be the mechanism for the increased electrical resistivity.
