Urban green-blue infrastructures(GBls)are increasingly gaining attention in the pursuit of carbon neutrality,particularly within residential areas.With this background,this study established an integrated quantitative...Urban green-blue infrastructures(GBls)are increasingly gaining attention in the pursuit of carbon neutrality,particularly within residential areas.With this background,this study established an integrated quantitative framework to assess both direct and indirect carbon reduction benefits of urban GBls,by leveraging Life Cycle Assessment approach to precisely calibrate the carbon sequestration benefits of three typical urban GBls(green roofs,sunken green spaces,and rain gardens)under three different scenarios and building a carbon sequestration database that includes 36 local plant species in Shanghai.The research results indicate that GBls have a reducing effect on carbon emissions in urban residential areas.If extrapolating the simulation results to the city scale,the preliminary estimation suggests that the construction of GBls within residential areas in Shanghai can achieve a carbon sink of approximately 540.54 million tCOzeq per year.This level of carbon sequestration is equivalent to 32%of Shanghai's annual carbon emissions.It is evident that the construction of GBls possesses significant potential in carbon reduction benefits and for achieving urban carbon neutrality strategies.展开更多
Research background:Countries are likely the most important subjects involved in the environmental control and response to global environmental issues,while the majority of the related metabolic analyses are focused o...Research background:Countries are likely the most important subjects involved in the environmental control and response to global environmental issues,while the majority of the related metabolic analyses are focused on the metabolism at the city scale.Objective:Analyzing why and how to scale up the metabolic study from city to country.Methods:Combining quantitative analysis with a literature review socio-metabolic research,since it is an effective method to study resource and environmental issues and has been applied at different scales.Results:1)A single city or a smaller area is hardly self-sufficient,and its sustainability and resilience needs the support of the surrounding environment;2)At the country scale,systems exhibit a higher level of self-organization and a corresponding higher level of complexity,addressing the need for applying the metabolic theory at the national scale;3)The emergy analysis methods show its advantages in study metabolic processes for national metabolism;4)Input-output analysis plays an important role in and region coordination.Conclusions:The interactions among and within the scales are nested,as well as the goals and methods.Therefore,socio-metabolic research on scales differ in their priority goals,and the methods adopted must be targeted.展开更多
Climate change and rapid urbanization are pressing environmental and social concerns, with approximately 56% of the global population living in urban areas. This number is expected to rise to 68% by 2050, leading to t...Climate change and rapid urbanization are pressing environmental and social concerns, with approximately 56% of the global population living in urban areas. This number is expected to rise to 68% by 2050, leading to the expansion of cities and encroachment upon natural areas, including wetlands, causing their degradation and fragmentation. To mitigate these challenges, green and blue infrastructures (GBIs), such as constructed wetlands, have been proposed to emulate and replace the functions of natural wetlands. This study evaluates the potential of eight constructed wetlands near Beijing, China, focusing on their ecosystem services (ESs), cost savings related to human health, growing/maintenance expenses, and disservices using an emergy-based assessment procedure. The results indicate that all constructed wetlands effectively purify wastewater, reducing nutrient concentrations (e.g., total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids). Among the studied wetlands, the integrated vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW-4) demonstrates the highest wastewater purification capability (1.63E+14 sej/m^(2)/yr) compared to other types (6.78E+13 and 2.08E+13 sej/m^(2)/yr). Additionally, constructed wetlands contribute to flood mitigation, groundwater recharge, wildlife habitat protection, and carbon sequestration, resembling the functions of natural wetlands. However, the implementation of constructed wetlands in cities is not without challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions, green waste management, mosquito issues, and disturbances in the surrounding urban areas, negatively impacting residents. The ternary phase diagram reveals that all constructed wetlands provide more benefits than costs and impacts. CW-4 shows the highest benefit-cost ratio, reaching 50%, while free water surface constructed wetland (CW-3) exhibits the lowest benefits (approximately 38%), higher impacts (approximately 25%), and lower costs (approximately 37%) compared to other wetlands. The study advocates the use of an emergy approach as a reliable method to assess the quality of constructed wetlands, providing valuable insights for policymakers in selecting suitable constructed wetlands for effective urban ecological management.展开更多
文摘Urban green-blue infrastructures(GBls)are increasingly gaining attention in the pursuit of carbon neutrality,particularly within residential areas.With this background,this study established an integrated quantitative framework to assess both direct and indirect carbon reduction benefits of urban GBls,by leveraging Life Cycle Assessment approach to precisely calibrate the carbon sequestration benefits of three typical urban GBls(green roofs,sunken green spaces,and rain gardens)under three different scenarios and building a carbon sequestration database that includes 36 local plant species in Shanghai.The research results indicate that GBls have a reducing effect on carbon emissions in urban residential areas.If extrapolating the simulation results to the city scale,the preliminary estimation suggests that the construction of GBls within residential areas in Shanghai can achieve a carbon sink of approximately 540.54 million tCOzeq per year.This level of carbon sequestration is equivalent to 32%of Shanghai's annual carbon emissions.It is evident that the construction of GBls possesses significant potential in carbon reduction benefits and for achieving urban carbon neutrality strategies.
基金This work is supported by the Sino-Italian Cooperation of China Natural Science Foundation(No.71861137001)the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation,Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Z181100009618030)+3 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0502800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71673029)the 111 Project(No.B17005the BNU Interdisciplinary Research Foundation for the First-Year Doctoral Candidates(No.BNUXKJC1922).
文摘Research background:Countries are likely the most important subjects involved in the environmental control and response to global environmental issues,while the majority of the related metabolic analyses are focused on the metabolism at the city scale.Objective:Analyzing why and how to scale up the metabolic study from city to country.Methods:Combining quantitative analysis with a literature review socio-metabolic research,since it is an effective method to study resource and environmental issues and has been applied at different scales.Results:1)A single city or a smaller area is hardly self-sufficient,and its sustainability and resilience needs the support of the surrounding environment;2)At the country scale,systems exhibit a higher level of self-organization and a corresponding higher level of complexity,addressing the need for applying the metabolic theory at the national scale;3)The emergy analysis methods show its advantages in study metabolic processes for national metabolism;4)Input-output analysis plays an important role in and region coordination.Conclusions:The interactions among and within the scales are nested,as well as the goals and methods.Therefore,socio-metabolic research on scales differ in their priority goals,and the methods adopted must be targeted.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF1301200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52070021)+1 种基金Research Project of Hainan National Park Research Institute(Grant No.KY-23ZK02)Feni AGOSTINHO is grateful for the financial support provided by CNPq Brazil(Grant No.302592/2019-9).
文摘Climate change and rapid urbanization are pressing environmental and social concerns, with approximately 56% of the global population living in urban areas. This number is expected to rise to 68% by 2050, leading to the expansion of cities and encroachment upon natural areas, including wetlands, causing their degradation and fragmentation. To mitigate these challenges, green and blue infrastructures (GBIs), such as constructed wetlands, have been proposed to emulate and replace the functions of natural wetlands. This study evaluates the potential of eight constructed wetlands near Beijing, China, focusing on their ecosystem services (ESs), cost savings related to human health, growing/maintenance expenses, and disservices using an emergy-based assessment procedure. The results indicate that all constructed wetlands effectively purify wastewater, reducing nutrient concentrations (e.g., total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids). Among the studied wetlands, the integrated vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW-4) demonstrates the highest wastewater purification capability (1.63E+14 sej/m^(2)/yr) compared to other types (6.78E+13 and 2.08E+13 sej/m^(2)/yr). Additionally, constructed wetlands contribute to flood mitigation, groundwater recharge, wildlife habitat protection, and carbon sequestration, resembling the functions of natural wetlands. However, the implementation of constructed wetlands in cities is not without challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions, green waste management, mosquito issues, and disturbances in the surrounding urban areas, negatively impacting residents. The ternary phase diagram reveals that all constructed wetlands provide more benefits than costs and impacts. CW-4 shows the highest benefit-cost ratio, reaching 50%, while free water surface constructed wetland (CW-3) exhibits the lowest benefits (approximately 38%), higher impacts (approximately 25%), and lower costs (approximately 37%) compared to other wetlands. The study advocates the use of an emergy approach as a reliable method to assess the quality of constructed wetlands, providing valuable insights for policymakers in selecting suitable constructed wetlands for effective urban ecological management.
