Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice(Oryza sativa L.)caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae(M.oryzae),and neck blast is the most destructive phase of this illness.The underlying molecula...Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice(Oryza sativa L.)caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae(M.oryzae),and neck blast is the most destructive phase of this illness.The underlying molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance are not well known.Thus,we collected 150 rice varieties from different ecotypes in China and assessed the rice blast resistances under the natural conditions that favoured disease development in Jining,Shandong Province,China in 2017.Results showed that 92(61.3%)and 58(38.7%)rice varieties were resistant and susceptible to M.oryzae,respectively.Among the 150 rice varieties screened for the presence of 13 major blast resistance(R)genes against M.oryzae by using functional markers,147 contained one to eight R genes.The relationship between R genes and disease response was discussed by analysing the phenotype and genotype of functional markers.The results showed that the rice blast resistance gene Pita was significantly correlated with rice blast resistance.Our results provided a basis for the further understanding of the distribution of 13 major R genes of rice blast in the germplasm resources of the tested rice varieties,and were meaningful for rice disease resistance breeding.展开更多
We analyzed 20 chemosensory protein （CSP） genes of the silkworm Bombyx mori. We found a high number of retrotransposons inserted in introns. We then analyzed expression of the 20 BrnorCSP genes across tissues using ...We analyzed 20 chemosensory protein （CSP） genes of the silkworm Bombyx mori. We found a high number of retrotransposons inserted in introns. We then analyzed expression of the 20 BrnorCSP genes across tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Relatively low expression levels of BmorCSPs were found in the gut and fat body tissues. We thus tested the effects of endectocyte insecticide abamectin （B 1 a and Blb avermectins） on BmorCSP gene expression. Quantitative real-time PCR experi- ments showed that a single brief exposure to insecticide abamectin increased dramatically CSP expression not only in the antennae but in most tissues, including gut and fat body. Furthermore, our study showed coordinate expression of CSPs and metabolic cytochrome P450 enzymes in a tissue-dependent manner in response to the insecticide. The function of CSPs remains unknown. Based on our results, we suggest a role in detecting xenobiotics that are then detoxified by cytochrome P450 anti-xenobiotic enzymes.展开更多
基金This study was funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100101-14 and 2016YFD0100903-9)The Rice Industry Technology Program of Shandong(SDAIT-17-03)+3 种基金The Agricultural and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2016A02)The Agricultural Seed Improvement Project of Shandong(2017LZ029)The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2019BC105)Young Talents Training Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘Rice blast disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice(Oryza sativa L.)caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae(M.oryzae),and neck blast is the most destructive phase of this illness.The underlying molecular mechanisms of rice blast resistance are not well known.Thus,we collected 150 rice varieties from different ecotypes in China and assessed the rice blast resistances under the natural conditions that favoured disease development in Jining,Shandong Province,China in 2017.Results showed that 92(61.3%)and 58(38.7%)rice varieties were resistant and susceptible to M.oryzae,respectively.Among the 150 rice varieties screened for the presence of 13 major blast resistance(R)genes against M.oryzae by using functional markers,147 contained one to eight R genes.The relationship between R genes and disease response was discussed by analysing the phenotype and genotype of functional markers.The results showed that the rice blast resistance gene Pita was significantly correlated with rice blast resistance.Our results provided a basis for the further understanding of the distribution of 13 major R genes of rice blast in the germplasm resources of the tested rice varieties,and were meaningful for rice disease resistance breeding.
文摘We analyzed 20 chemosensory protein （CSP） genes of the silkworm Bombyx mori. We found a high number of retrotransposons inserted in introns. We then analyzed expression of the 20 BrnorCSP genes across tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Relatively low expression levels of BmorCSPs were found in the gut and fat body tissues. We thus tested the effects of endectocyte insecticide abamectin （B 1 a and Blb avermectins） on BmorCSP gene expression. Quantitative real-time PCR experi- ments showed that a single brief exposure to insecticide abamectin increased dramatically CSP expression not only in the antennae but in most tissues, including gut and fat body. Furthermore, our study showed coordinate expression of CSPs and metabolic cytochrome P450 enzymes in a tissue-dependent manner in response to the insecticide. The function of CSPs remains unknown. Based on our results, we suggest a role in detecting xenobiotics that are then detoxified by cytochrome P450 anti-xenobiotic enzymes.
