Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in hu...Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in humans remain unclear,including cell viability,distribution,migration,and fate.Conventional cell tracing methods cannot be used in the clinic.The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents allows for the observation of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging.In 2016,the National Medical Products Administration of China approved a new superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle,Ruicun,for use as a contrast agent in clinical trials.In the present study,an acute hemi-transection spinal cord injury model was established in beagle dogs.The injury was then treated by transplantation of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells.The results indicated that Ruicunlabeled mesenchymal stromal cells repaired damaged spinal cord fibers and partially restored neurological function in animals with acute spinal cord injury.T2*-weighted imaging revealed low signal areas on both sides of the injured spinal cord.The results of quantitative susceptibility mapping with ultrashort echo time sequences indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells persisted stably within the injured spinal cord for over 4 weeks.These findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to effectively track the migration of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and assess their ability to repair spinal cord injury.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the effect of Guanxin-V Mixture combined with Sacubitril Valsartan on cardiac function in patients after PCI for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STE-MI).[Methods]41 cases of STE...[Objectives]To observe the effect of Guanxin-V Mixture combined with Sacubitril Valsartan on cardiac function in patients after PCI for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STE-MI).[Methods]41 cases of STEMI patients(qi and yin deficiency and blood stasis and obstruction)hospitalized in Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into 21 cases in the treatment group and 20 cases in the control group,and the two groups were given standardized Western medicine treatment as soon as possible after PCI.The control group was treated with Sacubitril Valsartan,and the treatment group was treated with Guanxin-V Mixture on the basis of treatment in the control group.The patients in the two groups were treated for 3 months,and the TCM syndrome score,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide(NT-proBNP),interleukin-6(IL-6),and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)levels,and the incidence of heart failure and adverse reactions in the two groups after treatment were recorded.[Results]After the treatment,the TCM syndrome score and serum NT-proBNP,IL-6 and hs-CRP levels of the two groups significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the LVEF of the two groups significantly increased(P<0.05),and the level of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Comparison of the incidence of heart failure and adverse reactions in the two groups showed no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Guanxin-V Mixture combined with Sacubitril Valsartan could significantly improve cardiac function in STEMI patients undergoing PCI,and its effect may be related to the suppression of inflammatory response.展开更多
The trajectory of human history is characterized by a persistent battle against disease.Over time,the field of medicine has transitioned from enigmatic witch doctors and herbal remedies to a sophisticated realm of con...The trajectory of human history is characterized by a persistent battle against disease.Over time,the field of medicine has transitioned from enigmatic witch doctors and herbal remedies to a sophisticated realm of contemporary medicine that includes fundamental medical and health sciences,clinical medicine,and public health.Nevertheless,the present phase of medical advancement encounters significant challenges,particularly in effectively translating basic research findings into practical applications in clinical and public health settings.Scientists increasingly collaborate with clinical experts to overcome these obstacles and address specific clinical issues by delving deeper into fundamental mechanisms.This collaborative effort has created a new interdisciplinary field:engineering medicine(EngMed),which focuses on addressing clinical and public health needs by integrating various scientific disciplines.This article discusses the definition,key tasks,significance,educational implications,and future trends in EngMed.展开更多
Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.Nonetheless,current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot real...Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.Nonetheless,current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot realize deep brain magnetic stimulation.To address this,we utilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as mediators to achieve precise targeting and penetration.We investigated the effects of magnetic fields with varying frequencies on neuronal activity and compared the activation effects on neurons using a 10-Hz precise magneto-stimulation system(pMSS)with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice.Oxytocin levels,dendritic morphology and density,and mouse behavior were measured before and after pMSS intervention.Our findings suggest that pMSS can activate oxytocinergic neurons,leading to upregulation of oxytocin secretion and neurite outgrowth.As a result,sociability was rapidly improved after a one-week pMSS treatment regimen.These results demonstrate a promising magneto-stimulation method for regulating neuronal activity in deep brain nuclei and provide a promising therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorder.展开更多
The Majiagou Formation in the Fuxian area of the southeastern Ordos Basin has undergone a complex diagenetic evolution history under the influence of eustacy and the Caledonian karstification,resulting in several comp...The Majiagou Formation in the Fuxian area of the southeastern Ordos Basin has undergone a complex diagenetic evolution history under the influence of eustacy and the Caledonian karstification,resulting in several complex reservoir types.Through analyses of mineralogy,petrology,and reservoir geology,three major types of dolomite reservoirs with different genetic mechanisms,including anhydritic moldicdissolved pore type,dolomitic intercrystalline-pore type,and fractured type were identified,and their formation mechanisms and distribution patterns were examined.The aphanocrystalline to very finecrystalline anhydritic dolomite was resulted from Sabhak dolomitization,and is characterized by small size of crystals and high content of anhydrite.Dolomite reservoirs of anhydritic moldic-dissolved pore type were developed in multi-stage dissolution processes and mainly distributed at higher positions of the paleogeomorphology where the filling was weak.The very fine to fine-crystalline dolomite of shoal facies was formed under seepage-reflux dolomitization,and characterized by larger sizes of crystals and well-developed intercrystalline pores.Dolomite reservoirs of intercrystalline-pore type were mainly developed at the lower positions of the paleogeomorphology where bedding-parallel karst dissolution was strong.The fractured dolomite reservoirs,generated by the anhydrite swelling and karst cave collapse,occur in multiple horizons but within limited areas due to multi-stage fillings.展开更多
The high prevalence and significant impact of osteoporosis make it a leading cause of disability and mortality among older individuals.Neural networks have been reported to have a crucial role in both the physiologica...The high prevalence and significant impact of osteoporosis make it a leading cause of disability and mortality among older individuals.Neural networks have been reported to have a crucial role in both the physiological and pathological progression of osteoporosis,suggesting neural modulation could be used as an underlying strategy to attenuate the progression of osteoporosis.In this study,we firstly identified the significant relationship between vagus nerve and bone remodeling through artificial intelligence(AI)-based knowledge mining.Subsequently,iron oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into injectable hydrogels(termed M-Gels),which were then directly injected to envelop a single vagus nerve in the left neck of rats to prolong the retention issue in peripheral tissues(up to 20 weeks).Magnetic vagus nerve stimulation(mVNS)showed a rapid response characteristic of vagus activation.Notably,the mVNS administered at 20 Hz twice daily for 15 min over 16 weeks effectively improved bone metabolism in vivo.Using AI,we discovered that gut microbiota is an underlying cause of this phenomenon.This innovative mVNS method demonstrated the correlation between the vagus nerve and bone remodeling,revealing promising potential for osteoporosis therapy by long term mVNS.展开更多
Dear Editor, Nanosized particulate systems combining better cancer diagnosis with therapeutic effect are being designed based on the merging of nanotechnology with cellular and molecular techniques. The surface of the...Dear Editor, Nanosized particulate systems combining better cancer diagnosis with therapeutic effect are being designed based on the merging of nanotechnology with cellular and molecular techniques. The surface of these nanoscale carriers is often functionalized with biological molecules for stabilization and targeted delivery. The combinations of nano-core and associated functional molecules can cross the cell membrane [1], and the surface of nanomaterials （including coating and associated functional molecules） plays a critical role in determining the outcome of their interactions with cells [2, 3]. Studying the potential effects of nanomaterials in biological systems often requires the administration of nanoparticles into a cell culture system or into living organisms in vivo. It should be noted, however, that under such conditions nanopaticles are known to adsorb proteins from the biological system,展开更多
Peroxidase-like catalytic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparficles （NPs） with three different sizes, synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and sol-gel methods, were investigated by UV-vis spectrum analysis. By comparing ...Peroxidase-like catalytic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparficles （NPs） with three different sizes, synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and sol-gel methods, were investigated by UV-vis spectrum analysis. By comparing Fe3O4 NPs with average diameters of 11, 20, and 150 nm, we found that the catalytic activity increases with the reduced nanoparticle size. The electrochemical method to characterize the catalytic activity of Fe3O4 NPs using the response currents of the reaction product and substrate was also developed.展开更多
Cancer immunotherapy is an artificial stimulation of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and activate specific immune cells to target and attack cancer cells.In clinical trials, immunotherapy has recently show...Cancer immunotherapy is an artificial stimulation of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and activate specific immune cells to target and attack cancer cells.In clinical trials, immunotherapy has recently shown impressive results in the treatment of multiple cancers.Thus, cancer immunotherapy has gained a lot of attention for its unique advantages and promising future.With extensive research on cancer immunotherapy, its safety and effectiveness has gradually been revealed.However, it is still a huge challenge to expand and drive this therapy while maintaining low toxicity, high specificity, and long-lasting efficacy.As a unique technology, nanotechnology has been applied in many fields, the advantages of which will promote the development of cancer immunotherapies.Researchers have tried to apply nanomaterials to cancer immunotherapy due to their advantageous properties,such as large specific surface areas, effective drug delivery, and controlled surface chemistry, to improve treatment efficacy.Here,we briefly introduce the current applications of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive cell therapy(ACT),therapeutic cancer vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies, and throw light on future directions of nanotechnology-based cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
Magnetic brain stimulation has greatly contributed to the advancement of neuroscience.However,challenges remain in the power of penetration and precision of magnetic stimulation,especially in small animals.Here,a nove...Magnetic brain stimulation has greatly contributed to the advancement of neuroscience.However,challenges remain in the power of penetration and precision of magnetic stimulation,especially in small animals.Here,a novel combined magnetic stimulation system(c-MSS)was established for brain stimulation in mice.The c-MSS uses a mild magnetic pulse sequence and injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)nanodrugs to elevate local cortical susceptibility.After imaging of the SPIO nanoparticles in the left prelimbic(Pr L)cortex in mice,we determined their safety and physical characteristics.Depressive-like behavior was established in mice using a chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model.SPIO nanodrugs were then delivered precisely to the left Pr L cortex using in situ injection.A 0.1 T magnetic field(adjustable frequency)was used for magnetic stimulation(5 min/session,two sessions daily).Biomarkers representing therapeutic effects were measured before and after c-MSS intervention.Results showed that c-MSS rapidly improved depressive-like symptoms in CUMS mice after stimulation with a 10 Hz field for 5 d,combined with increased brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and inactivation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis function,which enhanced neuronal activity due to SPIO nanoparticle-mediated effects.The c-MSS was safe and effective,representing a novel approach in the selective stimulation of arbitrary cortical targets in small animals,playing a bioelectric role in neural circuit regulation,including antidepressant effects in CUMS mice.This expands the potential applications of magnetic stimulation and progresses brain research towards clinical application.展开更多
Nanoplastics-induced developmental and reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity are a focus of widespread attention.However,the effects of nanoplastics(NPs)on glycolipid metabolism and the precise underl...Nanoplastics-induced developmental and reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity are a focus of widespread attention.However,the effects of nanoplastics(NPs)on glycolipid metabolism and the precise underlying mechanisms are unclear at present.Here,we showed that oral administration of polystyrene nanoparticles(PS-NPs)disrupts glycolipid metabolism,with reactive oxygen species(ROS)identified as a potential key signaling molecule.After PS-NPs treatment,excessive production of ROS induced the infammatory response and activated the antioxidant pathway through nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2.The activation of nuclear factor-κB(NFκB)signaling pathway induced the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)signaling pathway,which induced the activation of extracellular regulated kinases(ERK)and p38.Constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling proteins induced high continued phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1,in turn,leading to decreased protein kinase B(Akt)activity,which weakened the sensitivity of liver cells to insulin signals and induced insulin resistance.In parallel,phosphorylation of Akt led to loss of control of Fo XO1,a key gene of gluconeogenesis,activating transcription of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6PC)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK)in a manner dependent on PGC1α.Moreover,the activated ERK promoted lipid accumulation through ERK-PPARγcascades.Therefore,sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and levels of its downstream lipogenic enzymes,ACC-1,were up-regulated.Upon treatment with the antioxidant resveratrol,PS-NPs-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorders were improved by inhibiting ROS-induced activation of NFκB and MAPK signaling pathway in mice.Based on above,PS-NPs exposure disrupts glycolipid metabolism in mice,with ROS identified as a potential key signaling molecule.展开更多
With unique physical properties, chemical properties, and biological effects, magnetic nanomaterials are important functional materials in many fields. In the past decades, iron based magnetic nanomaterials have attra...With unique physical properties, chemical properties, and biological effects, magnetic nanomaterials are important functional materials in many fields. In the past decades, iron based magnetic nanomaterials have attracted much attention in the biomedicine field due to their superior magnetic properties and great potential in biomedical applications. In particular, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs) have been playing a crucial role in the biomedicine field because of their diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Meanwhile, MIONPs are benign, low toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, so they are the only inorganic magnetic nanomaterials approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) for clinical use at present. In this review, we mainly introduce the progress in the preparation of iron based magnetic nanomaterials for biomedical applications, including pure iron nanoparticles, iron-based alloy nanoparticles, and MIONPs, with a focus on MIONPs. Also, we summarize the preparation methods of MIONPs and point out the importance of their developments.展开更多
Micro/nanobubbles for use as ultrasound contrast agents have been fabricated with different shell materials.When various biomedical nanoparticles have been embedded in the shells of bubbles,the composite structures ha...Micro/nanobubbles for use as ultrasound contrast agents have been fabricated with different shell materials.When various biomedical nanoparticles have been embedded in the shells of bubbles,the composite structures have shown promising applications in multi-modal imaging,drug/gene delivery,and biomedical sensing.In this study,we developed a new gas-liquid interface self-assembly method to prepare magnetic nanobubbles embedded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPIONs).The diameter of the generated assembled nanobubbles was 227.40±87.21 nm with a good polydispersity index(PDI)of 0.29.Under the condition of 150 compression cycles,the nanobubble concentration could reach about 6.12×10^(9)/mL.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM)demonstrated that the assembled nanobubbles had a hollow gas core with SPIONs adsorbed on the surface.Ultrasound(US)imaging and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)experiments indicated that the assembled magnetic nanobubbles exhibited good US and MR contrast capabilities.Moreover,the assembled magnetic nanobubbles were used to label neural stem cells under ultrasound exposure.After 40 s US exposure,the magnetic nanobubbles could be delivered into cells with 2.80 pg Fe per cell,which could be observed in the intracellular endosome by TEM.Compared with common incubation methods,the ultrasound exposure method did not introduce the potential cytotoxicity of transfection reagents and the efficiency was about twice as high as the efficiency of incubation.Therefore,the assembled magnetic nanobubbles prepared through the pressure-driven gas-liquid interface assembly approach could be a potential US/MRI dual model imaging nanocarrier for regenerative applications.展开更多
As the largest fault trending NNE-SSW to NE-SW in the eastern Eurasia Continent,the Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)extends over 2,400 km within China,roughly from Wuxue,Hubei Province,to Russia.Since the Quaternary period,the ...As the largest fault trending NNE-SSW to NE-SW in the eastern Eurasia Continent,the Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)extends over 2,400 km within China,roughly from Wuxue,Hubei Province,to Russia.Since the Quaternary period,the TLFZ has been an earthquake-prone area in eastern China where several major earthquakes resulted by tectonic compression occurred,causing tremendous casualties and significant economic losses.Many studies on different segments of the TLFZ have been carried out in the past few decades.However,numerous key questions regarding the fault zone remain unanswered due to a lack of clear subsurface characterization and fault delineation.In this study,we present high-resolution tomographic results across the TLFZ to the east of Hefei,where one 22-km-long passive seismic array with densely spaced short-period nodes,and a 24-km-long magnetotelluric array were deployed adjacent to each other.We find the velocity and resistivity variations are highly consistent with known surface geology.Sharp property contrasts in both the seismic shear wave velocity and electrical resistivity profiles clearly delineate the Tanlu F1 fault(TLF-1)near Hefei.More interestingly,an upwelling with distinct high velocity is imaged within the Hefei Basin to the west of the TLF-1,whereas a slanted block with lowvelocity and low-resistivity seems to cut into or thrust upon the high-grade to low-grade middle-pressure rocks in the Zhangbaling uplift right below the Tanlu F2 ductile shear fault(TLF-2).The presented results show a new approach to characterize deep subsurface structure of the TLFZ beyond 2-km depths using passive data,which it is often difficult for active seismic surveys with refracted and reflected waves to image.展开更多
Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal a...Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal adverse impact caused by Fe2+stimulus and low bioavailability severely impedes its therapeutic effects.In recent years,it has been found that nano iron⁃based nanoparticles with high surface⁃to⁃volume ratio and low iron ion leakage can alleviate the toxic effect and improve the gastrointestinal absorbance.For further clinical development,nano materials need to meet the pharmaceutical quality demand.Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)is a significant pharmaceutical ingredient applied in approved drug formulations,and polyglucosorbitol carboxymethylether(PSC)has been utilized in iron⁃based nanomedicine ferumoxytol synthesis,both of which can be firmly anchored on iron oxide by carboxyl chelation.In this work,iron oxide nanoparticles(NPs)modified with CMC were designed and synthesized,and the structure composition and physicochemical properties were distinctly characterized.Oral supplement effects on rat IDA were investigated and compared with other recently reported iron supplements including NPs modified with PSC.Results show that the oral nano iron supplement achieved the recovery of hemoglobin and serum iron level in only two weeks with high safety.The nano iron oxide modified with pharmaceutical excipients provides new potential approach for oral iron supplement available in clinics.展开更多
Highly luminescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots （QDs） have been synthesized with an electrogenerated precursor. The obtained CdTe QDs can possess good crystallizability, high quantum yield （QY） and favorable st...Highly luminescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots （QDs） have been synthesized with an electrogenerated precursor. The obtained CdTe QDs can possess good crystallizability, high quantum yield （QY） and favorable stability. Furthermore, a detection system is designed firstly for the investigation of the temperature-dependent PL of the QDs. ？2009 Yu Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.展开更多
Radiation therapy performs an important function in cancer treatment. However, resistance of tumor cells to radiation therapy still remains a serious concern, so the study of radiosensitizers has emerged as a persiste...Radiation therapy performs an important function in cancer treatment. However, resistance of tumor cells to radiation therapy still remains a serious concern, so the study of radiosensitizers has emerged as a persistent hotspot in radiation oncology. Along with the rapid advancement of nanotechnology in recent years, the potential value of nanoparticles as novel radiosensitizers has been discovered. This review summarizes the latest experimental findings both in vitro and in vivo and attempts to highlight the underlying mechanisms of response in nanoparticle radiosensitization.展开更多
This paper describes the formation of magnetic and fluorescent nanocomposite particles which consist of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 core, SiO2 shell and organic dye （FITC） coating layer on their surface. The obtained na...This paper describes the formation of magnetic and fluorescent nanocomposite particles which consist of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 core, SiO2 shell and organic dye （FITC） coating layer on their surface. The obtained nanocomposites possess typical superparamagnetism and exhibit clear green fluorescence image. And their fluorescence emission is pH-dependent, which would be applied to pH sensing. ？2009 Yu Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All fights reserved.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,Nos.2017YFA0104302(to NG and XM)and 2017YFA0104304(to BW and ZZ)
文摘Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in humans remain unclear,including cell viability,distribution,migration,and fate.Conventional cell tracing methods cannot be used in the clinic.The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents allows for the observation of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging.In 2016,the National Medical Products Administration of China approved a new superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle,Ruicun,for use as a contrast agent in clinical trials.In the present study,an acute hemi-transection spinal cord injury model was established in beagle dogs.The injury was then treated by transplantation of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells.The results indicated that Ruicunlabeled mesenchymal stromal cells repaired damaged spinal cord fibers and partially restored neurological function in animals with acute spinal cord injury.T2*-weighted imaging revealed low signal areas on both sides of the injured spinal cord.The results of quantitative susceptibility mapping with ultrashort echo time sequences indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells persisted stably within the injured spinal cord for over 4 weeks.These findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to effectively track the migration of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and assess their ability to repair spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81774229)Nanjing Chinese Medicine Young Talent Cultivation Program(ZYQ20027)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine(XZR2021052)Discipline(Academic)Reserve Talent Training Program of Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine(YRC2016-CZL)Nanjing Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Special Fund Project(ZYQN202203)Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation Research Project in Nanjing Medical Institutions(NJCC-ZJ-202315).
文摘[Objectives]To observe the effect of Guanxin-V Mixture combined with Sacubitril Valsartan on cardiac function in patients after PCI for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STE-MI).[Methods]41 cases of STEMI patients(qi and yin deficiency and blood stasis and obstruction)hospitalized in Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into 21 cases in the treatment group and 20 cases in the control group,and the two groups were given standardized Western medicine treatment as soon as possible after PCI.The control group was treated with Sacubitril Valsartan,and the treatment group was treated with Guanxin-V Mixture on the basis of treatment in the control group.The patients in the two groups were treated for 3 months,and the TCM syndrome score,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide(NT-proBNP),interleukin-6(IL-6),and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)levels,and the incidence of heart failure and adverse reactions in the two groups after treatment were recorded.[Results]After the treatment,the TCM syndrome score and serum NT-proBNP,IL-6 and hs-CRP levels of the two groups significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the levels of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the LVEF of the two groups significantly increased(P<0.05),and the level of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Comparison of the incidence of heart failure and adverse reactions in the two groups showed no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Guanxin-V Mixture combined with Sacubitril Valsartan could significantly improve cardiac function in STEMI patients undergoing PCI,and its effect may be related to the suppression of inflammatory response.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Innovative Research Group Project(61821002)the Frontier Funda-mental Research Program of Jiangsu Province for Leading Technology(BK20222002).
文摘The trajectory of human history is characterized by a persistent battle against disease.Over time,the field of medicine has transitioned from enigmatic witch doctors and herbal remedies to a sophisticated realm of contemporary medicine that includes fundamental medical and health sciences,clinical medicine,and public health.Nevertheless,the present phase of medical advancement encounters significant challenges,particularly in effectively translating basic research findings into practical applications in clinical and public health settings.Scientists increasingly collaborate with clinical experts to overcome these obstacles and address specific clinical issues by delving deeper into fundamental mechanisms.This collaborative effort has created a new interdisciplinary field:engineering medicine(EngMed),which focuses on addressing clinical and public health needs by integrating various scientific disciplines.This article discusses the definition,key tasks,significance,educational implications,and future trends in EngMed.
基金supported by the China Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project(2022ZD0211700)the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62394312)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82471536)the Wenzhou Science and Technology Projects(ZY2023006,2024R2002)Oujiang Laboratory(OJQD2022002).
文摘Magnetic stimulation has made significant strides in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.Nonetheless,current magnetic stimulation techniques lack the precision to accurately modulate specific nuclei and cannot realize deep brain magnetic stimulation.To address this,we utilized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as mediators to achieve precise targeting and penetration.We investigated the effects of magnetic fields with varying frequencies on neuronal activity and compared the activation effects on neurons using a 10-Hz precise magneto-stimulation system(pMSS)with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in mice.Oxytocin levels,dendritic morphology and density,and mouse behavior were measured before and after pMSS intervention.Our findings suggest that pMSS can activate oxytocinergic neurons,leading to upregulation of oxytocin secretion and neurite outgrowth.As a result,sociability was rapidly improved after a one-week pMSS treatment regimen.These results demonstrate a promising magneto-stimulation method for regulating neuronal activity in deep brain nuclei and provide a promising therapeutic approach for autism spectrum disorder.
基金The research project is funded by the Geological Joint Fund(U2244209).
文摘The Majiagou Formation in the Fuxian area of the southeastern Ordos Basin has undergone a complex diagenetic evolution history under the influence of eustacy and the Caledonian karstification,resulting in several complex reservoir types.Through analyses of mineralogy,petrology,and reservoir geology,three major types of dolomite reservoirs with different genetic mechanisms,including anhydritic moldicdissolved pore type,dolomitic intercrystalline-pore type,and fractured type were identified,and their formation mechanisms and distribution patterns were examined.The aphanocrystalline to very finecrystalline anhydritic dolomite was resulted from Sabhak dolomitization,and is characterized by small size of crystals and high content of anhydrite.Dolomite reservoirs of anhydritic moldic-dissolved pore type were developed in multi-stage dissolution processes and mainly distributed at higher positions of the paleogeomorphology where the filling was weak.The very fine to fine-crystalline dolomite of shoal facies was formed under seepage-reflux dolomitization,and characterized by larger sizes of crystals and well-developed intercrystalline pores.Dolomite reservoirs of intercrystalline-pore type were mainly developed at the lower positions of the paleogeomorphology where bedding-parallel karst dissolution was strong.The fractured dolomite reservoirs,generated by the anhydrite swelling and karst cave collapse,occur in multiple horizons but within limited areas due to multi-stage fillings.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2021YFA1201403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271413).
文摘The high prevalence and significant impact of osteoporosis make it a leading cause of disability and mortality among older individuals.Neural networks have been reported to have a crucial role in both the physiological and pathological progression of osteoporosis,suggesting neural modulation could be used as an underlying strategy to attenuate the progression of osteoporosis.In this study,we firstly identified the significant relationship between vagus nerve and bone remodeling through artificial intelligence(AI)-based knowledge mining.Subsequently,iron oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into injectable hydrogels(termed M-Gels),which were then directly injected to envelop a single vagus nerve in the left neck of rats to prolong the retention issue in peripheral tissues(up to 20 weeks).Magnetic vagus nerve stimulation(mVNS)showed a rapid response characteristic of vagus activation.Notably,the mVNS administered at 20 Hz twice daily for 15 min over 16 weeks effectively improved bone metabolism in vivo.Using AI,we discovered that gut microbiota is an underlying cause of this phenomenon.This innovative mVNS method demonstrated the correlation between the vagus nerve and bone remodeling,revealing promising potential for osteoporosis therapy by long term mVNS.
文摘Dear Editor, Nanosized particulate systems combining better cancer diagnosis with therapeutic effect are being designed based on the merging of nanotechnology with cellular and molecular techniques. The surface of these nanoscale carriers is often functionalized with biological molecules for stabilization and targeted delivery. The combinations of nano-core and associated functional molecules can cross the cell membrane [1], and the surface of nanomaterials （including coating and associated functional molecules） plays a critical role in determining the outcome of their interactions with cells [2, 3]. Studying the potential effects of nanomaterials in biological systems often requires the administration of nanoparticles into a cell culture system or into living organisms in vivo. It should be noted, however, that under such conditions nanopaticles are known to adsorb proteins from the biological system,
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 90406023 and 60571031）；National Important Science Research Program of China （Nos. 2006CB933206 and 2006CB705606）.
文摘Peroxidase-like catalytic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparficles （NPs） with three different sizes, synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and sol-gel methods, were investigated by UV-vis spectrum analysis. By comparing Fe3O4 NPs with average diameters of 11, 20, and 150 nm, we found that the catalytic activity increases with the reduced nanoparticle size. The electrochemical method to characterize the catalytic activity of Fe3O4 NPs using the response currents of the reaction product and substrate was also developed.
基金supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51832001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Key Project of International Cooperation (Grant No.61420106012)
文摘Cancer immunotherapy is an artificial stimulation of the immune system to recognize cancer cells and activate specific immune cells to target and attack cancer cells.In clinical trials, immunotherapy has recently shown impressive results in the treatment of multiple cancers.Thus, cancer immunotherapy has gained a lot of attention for its unique advantages and promising future.With extensive research on cancer immunotherapy, its safety and effectiveness has gradually been revealed.However, it is still a huge challenge to expand and drive this therapy while maintaining low toxicity, high specificity, and long-lasting efficacy.As a unique technology, nanotechnology has been applied in many fields, the advantages of which will promote the development of cancer immunotherapies.Researchers have tried to apply nanomaterials to cancer immunotherapy due to their advantageous properties,such as large specific surface areas, effective drug delivery, and controlled surface chemistry, to improve treatment efficacy.Here,we briefly introduce the current applications of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, including adoptive cell therapy(ACT),therapeutic cancer vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies, and throw light on future directions of nanotechnology-based cancer immunotherapy.
基金This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830040 to Z.J.Z.)National Key Projects for Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1306700 to Z.J.Z.,2017YFA0104302 to N.G.,and 2017YFA0104301 to J.F.S.)Program of Excellent Talents in Medical Science of Jiangsu Province(JCRCA2016006 to Z.J.Z.)。
文摘Magnetic brain stimulation has greatly contributed to the advancement of neuroscience.However,challenges remain in the power of penetration and precision of magnetic stimulation,especially in small animals.Here,a novel combined magnetic stimulation system(c-MSS)was established for brain stimulation in mice.The c-MSS uses a mild magnetic pulse sequence and injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)nanodrugs to elevate local cortical susceptibility.After imaging of the SPIO nanoparticles in the left prelimbic(Pr L)cortex in mice,we determined their safety and physical characteristics.Depressive-like behavior was established in mice using a chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model.SPIO nanodrugs were then delivered precisely to the left Pr L cortex using in situ injection.A 0.1 T magnetic field(adjustable frequency)was used for magnetic stimulation(5 min/session,two sessions daily).Biomarkers representing therapeutic effects were measured before and after c-MSS intervention.Results showed that c-MSS rapidly improved depressive-like symptoms in CUMS mice after stimulation with a 10 Hz field for 5 d,combined with increased brainderived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and inactivation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis function,which enhanced neuronal activity due to SPIO nanoparticle-mediated effects.The c-MSS was safe and effective,representing a novel approach in the selective stimulation of arbitrary cortical targets in small animals,playing a bioelectric role in neural circuit regulation,including antidepressant effects in CUMS mice.This expands the potential applications of magnetic stimulation and progresses brain research towards clinical application.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (Harbin Institute of Technology) (No.2022TS28)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (No.LH2021B012)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.HIT.NSRIF202209)。
文摘Nanoplastics-induced developmental and reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity are a focus of widespread attention.However,the effects of nanoplastics(NPs)on glycolipid metabolism and the precise underlying mechanisms are unclear at present.Here,we showed that oral administration of polystyrene nanoparticles(PS-NPs)disrupts glycolipid metabolism,with reactive oxygen species(ROS)identified as a potential key signaling molecule.After PS-NPs treatment,excessive production of ROS induced the infammatory response and activated the antioxidant pathway through nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2.The activation of nuclear factor-κB(NFκB)signaling pathway induced the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK)signaling pathway,which induced the activation of extracellular regulated kinases(ERK)and p38.Constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling proteins induced high continued phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1,in turn,leading to decreased protein kinase B(Akt)activity,which weakened the sensitivity of liver cells to insulin signals and induced insulin resistance.In parallel,phosphorylation of Akt led to loss of control of Fo XO1,a key gene of gluconeogenesis,activating transcription of glucose-6-phosphatase(G6PC)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK)in a manner dependent on PGC1α.Moreover,the activated ERK promoted lipid accumulation through ERK-PPARγcascades.Therefore,sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and levels of its downstream lipogenic enzymes,ACC-1,were up-regulated.Upon treatment with the antioxidant resveratrol,PS-NPs-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorders were improved by inhibiting ROS-induced activation of NFκB and MAPK signaling pathway in mice.Based on above,PS-NPs exposure disrupts glycolipid metabolism in mice,with ROS identified as a potential key signaling molecule.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51832001 and 31800843)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0104301)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology(Grant No.SX21400213)
文摘With unique physical properties, chemical properties, and biological effects, magnetic nanomaterials are important functional materials in many fields. In the past decades, iron based magnetic nanomaterials have attracted much attention in the biomedicine field due to their superior magnetic properties and great potential in biomedical applications. In particular, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs) have been playing a crucial role in the biomedicine field because of their diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Meanwhile, MIONPs are benign, low toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable, so they are the only inorganic magnetic nanomaterials approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) for clinical use at present. In this review, we mainly introduce the progress in the preparation of iron based magnetic nanomaterials for biomedical applications, including pure iron nanoparticles, iron-based alloy nanoparticles, and MIONPs, with a focus on MIONPs. Also, we summarize the preparation methods of MIONPs and point out the importance of their developments.
基金financially funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2017YFA0104302,2018YFA0704103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81971750)+2 种基金the funding partially also comes from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu(No.BK20191266)the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province(No.2017-SWYY-006)Zhong Ying Young Scholar of Southeast University。
文摘Micro/nanobubbles for use as ultrasound contrast agents have been fabricated with different shell materials.When various biomedical nanoparticles have been embedded in the shells of bubbles,the composite structures have shown promising applications in multi-modal imaging,drug/gene delivery,and biomedical sensing.In this study,we developed a new gas-liquid interface self-assembly method to prepare magnetic nanobubbles embedded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPIONs).The diameter of the generated assembled nanobubbles was 227.40±87.21 nm with a good polydispersity index(PDI)of 0.29.Under the condition of 150 compression cycles,the nanobubble concentration could reach about 6.12×10^(9)/mL.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM)demonstrated that the assembled nanobubbles had a hollow gas core with SPIONs adsorbed on the surface.Ultrasound(US)imaging and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)experiments indicated that the assembled magnetic nanobubbles exhibited good US and MR contrast capabilities.Moreover,the assembled magnetic nanobubbles were used to label neural stem cells under ultrasound exposure.After 40 s US exposure,the magnetic nanobubbles could be delivered into cells with 2.80 pg Fe per cell,which could be observed in the intracellular endosome by TEM.Compared with common incubation methods,the ultrasound exposure method did not introduce the potential cytotoxicity of transfection reagents and the efficiency was about twice as high as the efficiency of incubation.Therefore,the assembled magnetic nanobubbles prepared through the pressure-driven gas-liquid interface assembly approach could be a potential US/MRI dual model imaging nanocarrier for regenerative applications.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41874048)supported by the National Key Research and Development Projects(No.2018YFC0603500).
文摘As the largest fault trending NNE-SSW to NE-SW in the eastern Eurasia Continent,the Tanlu fault zone(TLFZ)extends over 2,400 km within China,roughly from Wuxue,Hubei Province,to Russia.Since the Quaternary period,the TLFZ has been an earthquake-prone area in eastern China where several major earthquakes resulted by tectonic compression occurred,causing tremendous casualties and significant economic losses.Many studies on different segments of the TLFZ have been carried out in the past few decades.However,numerous key questions regarding the fault zone remain unanswered due to a lack of clear subsurface characterization and fault delineation.In this study,we present high-resolution tomographic results across the TLFZ to the east of Hefei,where one 22-km-long passive seismic array with densely spaced short-period nodes,and a 24-km-long magnetotelluric array were deployed adjacent to each other.We find the velocity and resistivity variations are highly consistent with known surface geology.Sharp property contrasts in both the seismic shear wave velocity and electrical resistivity profiles clearly delineate the Tanlu F1 fault(TLF-1)near Hefei.More interestingly,an upwelling with distinct high velocity is imaged within the Hefei Basin to the west of the TLF-1,whereas a slanted block with lowvelocity and low-resistivity seems to cut into or thrust upon the high-grade to low-grade middle-pressure rocks in the Zhangbaling uplift right below the Tanlu F2 ductile shear fault(TLF-2).The presented results show a new approach to characterize deep subsurface structure of the TLFZ beyond 2-km depths using passive data,which it is often difficult for active seismic surveys with refracted and reflected waves to image.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0104302)the National Natural Science Innovative Research Group Project(Grant No.61821002)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190938)the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51832001).
文摘Oral iron supplements such as ferrous iron salts are major treatment agents for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)due to the convenience of large dose administration and good patient compliance.However,the gastrointestinal adverse impact caused by Fe2+stimulus and low bioavailability severely impedes its therapeutic effects.In recent years,it has been found that nano iron⁃based nanoparticles with high surface⁃to⁃volume ratio and low iron ion leakage can alleviate the toxic effect and improve the gastrointestinal absorbance.For further clinical development,nano materials need to meet the pharmaceutical quality demand.Carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)is a significant pharmaceutical ingredient applied in approved drug formulations,and polyglucosorbitol carboxymethylether(PSC)has been utilized in iron⁃based nanomedicine ferumoxytol synthesis,both of which can be firmly anchored on iron oxide by carboxyl chelation.In this work,iron oxide nanoparticles(NPs)modified with CMC were designed and synthesized,and the structure composition and physicochemical properties were distinctly characterized.Oral supplement effects on rat IDA were investigated and compared with other recently reported iron supplements including NPs modified with PSC.Results show that the oral nano iron supplement achieved the recovery of hemoglobin and serum iron level in only two weeks with high safety.The nano iron oxide modified with pharmaceutical excipients provides new potential approach for oral iron supplement available in clinics.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.60571031,60501009 and 90406023)National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2006CB933206 and 2006CB705602).
文摘Highly luminescent water-soluble CdTe quantum dots （QDs） have been synthesized with an electrogenerated precursor. The obtained CdTe QDs can possess good crystallizability, high quantum yield （QY） and favorable stability. Furthermore, a detection system is designed firstly for the investigation of the temperature-dependent PL of the QDs. ？2009 Yu Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grants No. 2013CB933904 and 2011CB933500)
文摘Radiation therapy performs an important function in cancer treatment. However, resistance of tumor cells to radiation therapy still remains a serious concern, so the study of radiosensitizers has emerged as a persistent hotspot in radiation oncology. Along with the rapid advancement of nanotechnology in recent years, the potential value of nanoparticles as novel radiosensitizers has been discovered. This review summarizes the latest experimental findings both in vitro and in vivo and attempts to highlight the underlying mechanisms of response in nanoparticle radiosensitization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.60571031,60501009,30870679)the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2006CB933206,2006CB705606)+1 种基金Open Project Foundation of Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures of Nanjing Universitythe program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,the Chinese Ministry of Education,are greatly appreciated.
文摘This paper describes the formation of magnetic and fluorescent nanocomposite particles which consist of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 core, SiO2 shell and organic dye （FITC） coating layer on their surface. The obtained nanocomposites possess typical superparamagnetism and exhibit clear green fluorescence image. And their fluorescence emission is pH-dependent, which would be applied to pH sensing. ？2009 Yu Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All fights reserved.
