Purpose:The aim of this study was to review,systematically,evidence concerning the link between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and the rates and severity of non-contact injuries and exercise-induced muscle damage in ath...Purpose:The aim of this study was to review,systematically,evidence concerning the link between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and the rates and severity of non-contact injuries and exercise-induced muscle damage in athletes and individuals enrolled in exercise training programs.Methods:A computerized literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus,from inception until November 2020.All included studies compared the epidemiological characteristics of non-contact injury between the different genotypes of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism.Results:Our search identified 492 records.After the screening of titles,abstracts,and full texts,13 studies examining the association between the ACTN3 genotypes and the rate and severity of non-contact injury were included in the analysis.These studies were performed in 6 different countries(Spain,Japan,Brazil,China,the Republic of Korea,and Italy)and involved a total participant pool of 1093 participants.Of the studies,2 studies involved only women,5 studies involved only men,and 6 studies involved both men and women.All the studies included were classified as highquality studies(≥6 points in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro)scale score).Overall,evidence suggests there is an association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and non-contact injury in 12 investigations.Six studies observed a significant association between A CTN3 R577X polymorphism and exercise induced muscle damage:2 with non-contact ankle injury,3 with non-contact muscle injury,and 1 with overall non-contact injury.Conclusion:The present findings support the premise that possessing the ACTN3 XX genotype may predispose athletes to a higher probability of some non-contact injuries,such as muscle injury,ankle sprains,and higher levels of exercise-induced muscle damage.展开更多
Background:The training program promoted improvements of jump abilities throughout the musculoskeletal system including bone markers.The aim of this study is to examine both the acute and chronic response of bone mark...Background:The training program promoted improvements of jump abilities throughout the musculoskeletal system including bone markers.The aim of this study is to examine both the acute and chronic response of bone markers to resistance training program.Methods:Ten female students(age:18±0.7 years,body mass:63±3.6 kg;height:164±5.2 cm)participated in this study.They were recruited for a back-squat training program for 12 weeks,two days/week.The full-back squat protocol consisted of 3–5 sets×3–8 repetitions at 45–55%one repetition maximum.Testing sessions included a 5 jump test(5JT),standing long jump(SLJ),drop jump(DJ),and vertical jump(VJ).Results:Substantial improvements in all testing jumps(5JT:∆10%;P=0.000;ES=1.72;SLJ:∆7%;P=0.000;ES=1.33;DJ:∆11%;P=0.000;ES=0.72;VJ:∆20%;P=0.000;ES=1.84)were found during post program in comparison to pre-program results.Moreover,a significant change(P≤0.05)of bone markers during post-exercise compared to pre-exercise either before or after the training program.Only collagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide(CICP)levels elevated after the training program(pre-exercise only)compared to former levels.Conclusion:12 weeks of back-squat training program resulted greater acute improvements of jump abilities with adaptation in all musculoskeletal system including bone formation.展开更多
Purpose Discussions held by players during the halftime of a soccer match are widely recognized as influential factors in boosting their involvement and physical activity of soccer players.This study aimed to investig...Purpose Discussions held by players during the halftime of a soccer match are widely recognized as influential factors in boosting their involvement and physical activity of soccer players.This study aimed to investigate the impact of learning small-sided games(SSG)through player discussions on decision-making,as well as the technical and tactical skills of young soccer players.Methods Forty-two U-15 male amateur soccer players were randomly assigned to 6 groups and participated in a study com-prising 4 sessions of small-sided games(SSG).Each session consisted of two sets of 15 min each.The SSG sessions were conducted with and without the inclusion of self-regulation of learning.Technical actions(i.e.,balls won,balls received,balls lost,shots,and goals)were measured during each set of sessions using a digital camera recorder.Results The results showed no significant differences in the main effects of the time,group,session,and group×session×time interactions for most technical actions.However,there was a significant main effect of group observed for shoot action(P=0.021;η_(p)^(2)=0.102),with a higher number of shoot actions in the co-regulation of learning group than in the self-regulation of learning group.Conclusion The self-regulation approach employed by players alone did not lead to significant improvements in technical performance during SSG.Further research is needed to explore additional factors and/or interventions that could potentially enhance the effectiveness of learning through discussions in SSG.展开更多
文摘Purpose:The aim of this study was to review,systematically,evidence concerning the link between the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and the rates and severity of non-contact injuries and exercise-induced muscle damage in athletes and individuals enrolled in exercise training programs.Methods:A computerized literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus,from inception until November 2020.All included studies compared the epidemiological characteristics of non-contact injury between the different genotypes of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism.Results:Our search identified 492 records.After the screening of titles,abstracts,and full texts,13 studies examining the association between the ACTN3 genotypes and the rate and severity of non-contact injury were included in the analysis.These studies were performed in 6 different countries(Spain,Japan,Brazil,China,the Republic of Korea,and Italy)and involved a total participant pool of 1093 participants.Of the studies,2 studies involved only women,5 studies involved only men,and 6 studies involved both men and women.All the studies included were classified as highquality studies(≥6 points in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro)scale score).Overall,evidence suggests there is an association between the ACTN3 R577X genotype and non-contact injury in 12 investigations.Six studies observed a significant association between A CTN3 R577X polymorphism and exercise induced muscle damage:2 with non-contact ankle injury,3 with non-contact muscle injury,and 1 with overall non-contact injury.Conclusion:The present findings support the premise that possessing the ACTN3 XX genotype may predispose athletes to a higher probability of some non-contact injuries,such as muscle injury,ankle sprains,and higher levels of exercise-induced muscle damage.
文摘Background:The training program promoted improvements of jump abilities throughout the musculoskeletal system including bone markers.The aim of this study is to examine both the acute and chronic response of bone markers to resistance training program.Methods:Ten female students(age:18±0.7 years,body mass:63±3.6 kg;height:164±5.2 cm)participated in this study.They were recruited for a back-squat training program for 12 weeks,two days/week.The full-back squat protocol consisted of 3–5 sets×3–8 repetitions at 45–55%one repetition maximum.Testing sessions included a 5 jump test(5JT),standing long jump(SLJ),drop jump(DJ),and vertical jump(VJ).Results:Substantial improvements in all testing jumps(5JT:∆10%;P=0.000;ES=1.72;SLJ:∆7%;P=0.000;ES=1.33;DJ:∆11%;P=0.000;ES=0.72;VJ:∆20%;P=0.000;ES=1.84)were found during post program in comparison to pre-program results.Moreover,a significant change(P≤0.05)of bone markers during post-exercise compared to pre-exercise either before or after the training program.Only collagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide(CICP)levels elevated after the training program(pre-exercise only)compared to former levels.Conclusion:12 weeks of back-squat training program resulted greater acute improvements of jump abilities with adaptation in all musculoskeletal system including bone formation.
文摘Purpose Discussions held by players during the halftime of a soccer match are widely recognized as influential factors in boosting their involvement and physical activity of soccer players.This study aimed to investigate the impact of learning small-sided games(SSG)through player discussions on decision-making,as well as the technical and tactical skills of young soccer players.Methods Forty-two U-15 male amateur soccer players were randomly assigned to 6 groups and participated in a study com-prising 4 sessions of small-sided games(SSG).Each session consisted of two sets of 15 min each.The SSG sessions were conducted with and without the inclusion of self-regulation of learning.Technical actions(i.e.,balls won,balls received,balls lost,shots,and goals)were measured during each set of sessions using a digital camera recorder.Results The results showed no significant differences in the main effects of the time,group,session,and group×session×time interactions for most technical actions.However,there was a significant main effect of group observed for shoot action(P=0.021;η_(p)^(2)=0.102),with a higher number of shoot actions in the co-regulation of learning group than in the self-regulation of learning group.Conclusion The self-regulation approach employed by players alone did not lead to significant improvements in technical performance during SSG.Further research is needed to explore additional factors and/or interventions that could potentially enhance the effectiveness of learning through discussions in SSG.
