The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, misman...The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, mismanaged use of chemicals, high temperature, flood or drought, soil salinity, and heavy metal pollutions, with regard to food security, is increasingly being explored worldwide. This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems. Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic （diseases） and abiotic （salinity, drought, pollutions, etc.） stresses. The plant growth-promoting rhizobemteria （PGPR） and mycorrhizae, a key component of soil microbiota, could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments. The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield. A combination of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem. Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations, with compatible beneficial microbial agents, could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience. However, the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.展开更多
Dyes are an integral part of the dying industry and have significantly resulted in environmental pollution by altering the standardwater quality after their discharge into the water bodies.The culprits behind the alte...Dyes are an integral part of the dying industry and have significantly resulted in environmental pollution by altering the standardwater quality after their discharge into the water bodies.The culprits behind the altered water quality are the pretreatment chemicals used during dying manufacturing processes.Various advanced treatmentmethods using conventional and advanced treatment options including solar energy have been put forth by researchers for the treatment of the dying effluents but,these methods have not proved significantly considerable.Therefore,the present study intends to check the efficiency of solar parabolic trough collector for treating the dying effluents in terms of color and COD.However,other wastewater parameters(BOD,nitrate and phosphate)have also been considered for this experimental analysis.Four standard flow rates(0.5,1.3,1.95 and 2.6 L/M)were maintained during the experiment for six hours at solar intensity(849.3±21.2W/m^(2))and the optimized flow rate(1.95 L/M)was detected and considered for further study during the present experiment.The color concentration showed a significant reduction(≥76.4%)by treatment with the designed solar reactor.Similar significant results were also noticed in terms of COD(79%).In this context,the current experimental study provides ideas on the decolorization and COD reduction efficiency with optimal flow rate in terms of cost-effectiveness with designed experimental reactor which could be further used and implemented for advanced scientific purposes.展开更多
文摘The expected rise in temperature and decreased precipitation owing to climate change and unabated anthropogenic activities add complexity and uncertainty to agro-industry. The impact of soil nutrient imbalance, mismanaged use of chemicals, high temperature, flood or drought, soil salinity, and heavy metal pollutions, with regard to food security, is increasingly being explored worldwide. This review describes the role of soil-plant-microbe interactions along with organic manure in solving stressed agriculture problems. Beneficial microbes associated with plants are known to stimulate plant growth and enhance plant resistance to biotic （diseases） and abiotic （salinity, drought, pollutions, etc.） stresses. The plant growth-promoting rhizobemteria （PGPR） and mycorrhizae, a key component of soil microbiota, could play vital roles in the maintenance of plant fitness and soil health under stressed environments. The application of organic manure as a soil conditioner to stressed soils along with suitable microbial strains could further enhance the plant-microbe associations and increase the crop yield. A combination of plant, stress-tolerant microbe, and organic amendment represents the tripartite association to offer a favourable environment to the proliferation of beneficial rhizosphere microbes that in turn enhance the plant growth performance in disturbed agro-ecosystem. Agriculture land use patterns with the proper exploitation of plant-microbe associations, with compatible beneficial microbial agents, could be one of the most effective strategies in the management of the concerned agriculture lands owing to climate change resilience. However, the association of such microbes with plants for stressed agriculture management still needs to be explored in greater depth.
基金The authors would like to thank the National Fellowship for Scheduled Caste-University Grant Commission,Government of India for providing financial support.
文摘Dyes are an integral part of the dying industry and have significantly resulted in environmental pollution by altering the standardwater quality after their discharge into the water bodies.The culprits behind the altered water quality are the pretreatment chemicals used during dying manufacturing processes.Various advanced treatmentmethods using conventional and advanced treatment options including solar energy have been put forth by researchers for the treatment of the dying effluents but,these methods have not proved significantly considerable.Therefore,the present study intends to check the efficiency of solar parabolic trough collector for treating the dying effluents in terms of color and COD.However,other wastewater parameters(BOD,nitrate and phosphate)have also been considered for this experimental analysis.Four standard flow rates(0.5,1.3,1.95 and 2.6 L/M)were maintained during the experiment for six hours at solar intensity(849.3±21.2W/m^(2))and the optimized flow rate(1.95 L/M)was detected and considered for further study during the present experiment.The color concentration showed a significant reduction(≥76.4%)by treatment with the designed solar reactor.Similar significant results were also noticed in terms of COD(79%).In this context,the current experimental study provides ideas on the decolorization and COD reduction efficiency with optimal flow rate in terms of cost-effectiveness with designed experimental reactor which could be further used and implemented for advanced scientific purposes.
