The current structure of Landmark University (LU) was induced by raising a generation of solution providers through a qualitative and life-applicable training system that focuses on values and creative knowledge by ma...The current structure of Landmark University (LU) was induced by raising a generation of solution providers through a qualitative and life-applicable training system that focuses on values and creative knowledge by making it more responsive and relevant to the modern-day demands of demonstration, industrialization and development. The challenge facing Landmark University is the question of which of its numerous projects they should invest to give maximum output with minimum input. In this paper, we maximize the Net Present Value (NPV) and maintain the net discount cash overflow of each project per period as contained and extracted as the secondary data of cash inflows of the Landmark University (LU) monthly financial statement and annual reports from 2012 to 2017 of which the documents have been regrouped as small and large scale projects as many enterprises make more use of the trial-and-error method and as such firms have been finding it difficult in allocating scarce resources in a manner that will ensure profit maximization and/or cost minimization with a simple and accurate decision making by the company through an optimization principle in selecting LU project under multi-period capital rationing using linear programming (LP) and integer programming (IP). The annual net cash flow which is the difference between the cash inflows and cash outflows during each period for the project was estimated and recorded. The discount factors were estimated at cost of capital of 10% for each cash flow per period with the corresponding NPV at 10% which revealed that the optimal decision achieves maximum returns of $110 × 102 and this assisted the project manager to select a large number of the variable projects that can maximize the profit which is far better than relying on an ad-hoc judgmental approach to project investment that could have cost 160 × 102 for the same project. Sensitivity analysis on the project parameters are also carried out to test the extent to which project selection is sensitive to changes in the parameters of the system revealed that a little reduction and or addition of reduced cost by certain amount or percentages to its corresponding coefficient in the objective function effect no changes in the shadow prices with solution values for variables (x1), (x4), (x5) and the optimal objective function.展开更多
Gravity fed drip irrigation system fitted with a clogged drip line was assembled with the intention of investigating the ability to remove,inhibit and clear clog-ging resulting from continuous usage of the drip line o...Gravity fed drip irrigation system fitted with a clogged drip line was assembled with the intention of investigating the ability to remove,inhibit and clear clog-ging resulting from continuous usage of the drip line over the year.Phyto-chemicals extracted from Moringa root and tested to have a coagulating effect like Alum.Ozonized water was produced from an ozone generator while the Hydrochloric acid was sourced from local sources.These three solutions were used in flushing the gravity-fed drip irrigation setup to investigate their effect on the major drip system evaluation parameters like Average emitter dis-charge rate,Relative emitter discharge,Standard deviation of emitter flow rate,Coefficient of Variation of Emitter Flow,Statistical Uniformity,Emission Uniformity and Uniformity Coefficient.The result shows that Moringa Root Extract and Ozone water has the ability to remove and inhibit biofilms and can be used as anti-clogging agents for the treatment of emitters in drip irri-gation systems used in agriculture and/or domestic landscapes.The use of these natural coagulator against biofilms and biological control of pathogenic microorganisms in drip irrigation systems may further be investigated.展开更多
文摘The current structure of Landmark University (LU) was induced by raising a generation of solution providers through a qualitative and life-applicable training system that focuses on values and creative knowledge by making it more responsive and relevant to the modern-day demands of demonstration, industrialization and development. The challenge facing Landmark University is the question of which of its numerous projects they should invest to give maximum output with minimum input. In this paper, we maximize the Net Present Value (NPV) and maintain the net discount cash overflow of each project per period as contained and extracted as the secondary data of cash inflows of the Landmark University (LU) monthly financial statement and annual reports from 2012 to 2017 of which the documents have been regrouped as small and large scale projects as many enterprises make more use of the trial-and-error method and as such firms have been finding it difficult in allocating scarce resources in a manner that will ensure profit maximization and/or cost minimization with a simple and accurate decision making by the company through an optimization principle in selecting LU project under multi-period capital rationing using linear programming (LP) and integer programming (IP). The annual net cash flow which is the difference between the cash inflows and cash outflows during each period for the project was estimated and recorded. The discount factors were estimated at cost of capital of 10% for each cash flow per period with the corresponding NPV at 10% which revealed that the optimal decision achieves maximum returns of $110 × 102 and this assisted the project manager to select a large number of the variable projects that can maximize the profit which is far better than relying on an ad-hoc judgmental approach to project investment that could have cost 160 × 102 for the same project. Sensitivity analysis on the project parameters are also carried out to test the extent to which project selection is sensitive to changes in the parameters of the system revealed that a little reduction and or addition of reduced cost by certain amount or percentages to its corresponding coefficient in the objective function effect no changes in the shadow prices with solution values for variables (x1), (x4), (x5) and the optimal objective function.
文摘Gravity fed drip irrigation system fitted with a clogged drip line was assembled with the intention of investigating the ability to remove,inhibit and clear clog-ging resulting from continuous usage of the drip line over the year.Phyto-chemicals extracted from Moringa root and tested to have a coagulating effect like Alum.Ozonized water was produced from an ozone generator while the Hydrochloric acid was sourced from local sources.These three solutions were used in flushing the gravity-fed drip irrigation setup to investigate their effect on the major drip system evaluation parameters like Average emitter dis-charge rate,Relative emitter discharge,Standard deviation of emitter flow rate,Coefficient of Variation of Emitter Flow,Statistical Uniformity,Emission Uniformity and Uniformity Coefficient.The result shows that Moringa Root Extract and Ozone water has the ability to remove and inhibit biofilms and can be used as anti-clogging agents for the treatment of emitters in drip irri-gation systems used in agriculture and/or domestic landscapes.The use of these natural coagulator against biofilms and biological control of pathogenic microorganisms in drip irrigation systems may further be investigated.
