Aerosol hygroscopicity and liquid water content(ALWC)have important influences on the environmental and climate effect of aerosols.In this study,we measured the hygroscopic growth factors(GF)of particles with dry diam...Aerosol hygroscopicity and liquid water content(ALWC)have important influences on the environmental and climate effect of aerosols.In this study,we measured the hygroscopic growth factors(GF)of particles with dry diameters of 40,80,150,and 200 nm during the wintertime in Nanjing.Both the GF-derived hygroscopicity parameter(κ_(gf))and ALWC increased with particle size,but displayed differing diurnal variations,withκ_(gf)peaking around the midday,while ALWC peaking in the early morning.Nitrate,ammonium and oxygenated organic aerosols(OOA)were found as the chemical components mostly strongly correlated with ALWC.A closure study suggests that during midday photo-oxidation and nighttime high ALWC periods,theκof organic aerosols(κ_(org))was underestimated when using previous parameterizations.Accordingly,we re-constructed parameterizations forκ_(org)and the oxidation level of organics for these periods,which indicates a higher hygroscopicity of photochemically formed OOA than the aqueous OOA,yet both being much higher than the generally assumed OOA hygroscopicity.Additionally,in a typical high ALWC episode,concurrently increased ALWC,nitrate,OOA as well as aerosol surface area and mass concentrations were observed under elevated ambient RH.This strongly indicates a coupled effect that the hygroscopic secondary aerosols,in particular nitratewith strong hygroscopicity,led to large increase in ALWC,which in turn synergistically boosted nitrate and OOA formation by heterogeneous/aqueous reactions.Such interaction may represent an important mechanism contributing to enhanced formation of secondary aerosols and rapid growth of fine particulate matter under relatively high RH conditions.展开更多
Parameters of peripheral blood cell have been shown as the potential predictors of erectile dysfunction(ED).To investigate the clinical significance of hematological parameters for predicting the risk of rapid ejacula...Parameters of peripheral blood cell have been shown as the potential predictors of erectile dysfunction(ED).To investigate the clinical significance of hematological parameters for predicting the risk of rapid ejaculation,we established a rat copulatory model on the basis of ejaculation distribution theory.Blood samples from different ejaculatory groups were collected for peripheral blood cell counts and serum serotonin(5-HT)tests.Meanwhile,the relationship between hematological parameters and ejaculatory behaviors was assessed.Final analysis included 11 rapid ejaculators,10 normal ejaculators,and 10 sluggish ejaculators whose complete data were available.The platelet(PLT)count in rapid ejaculators was significantly lower than that in normal and sluggish ejaculators,whereas the platelet distribution width(PDW)and mean platelet volume(MPV)were significantly greater in rapid ejaculators.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the PLT was an independent protective factor for rapid ejaculation.Meanwhile,rapid ejaculators were found to have the lowest serum 5-HT compared to normal and sluggish ejaculators(P<0.001).Furthermore,there was a positive correlation between the PLT and serum 5-HT(r=0.662,P<0.001),indicating that the PLT could indirectly reflect the serum 5-HT concentration.In addition,we assessed the association between the PLT and ejaculatory parameters.There was a negative correlation between ejaculation frequency(EF)and the PLT(r=−0.595,P<0.001),whereas there was a positive correlation between ejaculation latency(EL)and the PLT(r=0.740,P<0.001).This study indicated that the PLT might be a useful and convenient diagnostic marker for predicting the risk of rapid ejaculation.展开更多
To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongati...To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongation of 15.8%.The processing route involves extrusion,pre-deformation and aging,which leads to a bimodal structure and nano-precipitates.Back-stress originated from the deformationincompatibility in the bimodal-structure alloy can improve ductility.In addition,dislocation density in coarse grains increased during the pre-deformation strain of 2%,and the dislocations in coarse grains can promote the formation of chain-like nano-precipitates during aging treatment.The chain-like nanoprecipitates can act as barriers for dislocations slip and the existing mobile dislocations enable good ductility.展开更多
The effects of additives(polyethylene glycol(PEG),sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS))and WC nano-powder on the microstructure,relative density,hardness and electrical conductivity of electroplated WC−Cu composite were invest...The effects of additives(polyethylene glycol(PEG),sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS))and WC nano-powder on the microstructure,relative density,hardness and electrical conductivity of electroplated WC−Cu composite were investigated.The preparation mechanism was also studied.The microstructure of samples was analyzed by XRD,SEM,EDS,TEM and HRTEM.The synergistic effect of PEG and SDS made the WC−Cu composite more compact during the electroplating process.The hardness of WC−Cu composites increased with the increase in WC content,while the electrical conductivity decreased with the increase in WC content.The density of samples tended to increase initially and then decreased with increase in the additive content.When the electroplating solution contained 10 g/L WC nanopowder,0.2 g/L PEG and 0.1 g/L SDS,the WC−Cu composite exhibited hardness of HV 221 and electric conductivity of 53.7 MS/m.Therefore,the results suggest that WC−Cu composite with excellent properties can be obtained by optimizing the content of additives and WC particles.展开更多
A comprehensive study of the phase composition, microstructure evolution, microhardness and wear performance of WC-12 Co composite coatings fabricated by laser cladding using coaxial powder-feed mode was presented. It...A comprehensive study of the phase composition, microstructure evolution, microhardness and wear performance of WC-12 Co composite coatings fabricated by laser cladding using coaxial powder-feed mode was presented. It was shown that a combination of high scan speed and high laser energy density made WC on the edge of WC-12 Co composite powders partially melt in liquid Co and 304 stainless steel matrix, and then new carbides consisting of lamellar WC and herringbone M3 W3 C(M=Fe,Co) were formed. Meanwhile, WC-12 Co composite coatings with no porosity, cracks and drawbacks like decarburization were obtained, showing high densification and good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Furthermore, a considerably high microhardness of HV0.3 1500-1600, low coefficient of friction of 0.55 and wear rate of(2.15±0.31)×10-7 mm3/(N·m) were achieved owing to the synergistic effect of excellent metallurgical bonding and fine microstructures of composite coating under laser power of 1500 W.展开更多
AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou an...AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou and bamma, were inoculated with a single oral dose of attenuated strain Wa, G1, G3 of HRV, and PbS(control), respectively, and fecal samples of pigs from 0 to 7 d post infection(DPI) were collected individually. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HRV antigen in feces. the HRV was tested by real-time PCR(Rt-PCR). the sections of the intestinal tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphologic variation by microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the HRV in intestinal tissue. HRV particles in cells of the ileum were observed by electron micrography.RESULTS: When inoculated with HRV, mini-pigs younger than 30 d developed diarrhea in an agedependent manner and shed HRV antigen of the sameinoculum, as demonstrated by Rt- PCR.Histopathological changes were observed in HRV inoculated mini-pigs including small intestinal cell tumefaction and necrosis. HRV that was distributed in the small intestine was restricted to the top part of the villi on the internal wall of the ileum, which was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Virus particles were observed in Golgi like follicles in HRV-infected neonatal minipigs. Guizhou mini-pigs were more sensitive to HRV than bamma with respect to RV antigen shedding and clinical diarrhea.CONCLUSION: these results indicate that we have established a mini-pig model of HRV induced diarrhea. Our findings are useful for the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of HRV infection.展开更多
AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammator...AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammatory animal model. We evaluated the colitis severity. Flow cytometry was employed for detecting the frequencies of Th1, macrophages and Tregs in spleen, mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria. The important role of macrophages in the promotion of DSS-induced colitis by NaCl was evaluated by depleting macrophages with clodronate liposomes. Activated peritoneal macrophages and lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMCs) were stimulated with NaCl, and proteins were detected by western blotting. Cytokines and inflammation genes were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR, respectively.RESULTS The study findings indicate that NaC l up-regulates the frequencies of CD11b^+ macrophages and CD4^+IFN-γ^+IL-17^+ T cells in lamina propria in DSS-treated mice. CD3^+CD4^+CD25^+Foxp^3+ T cells, which can secrete high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, increase through feedback in NaCl-and DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, clodronate liposomes pretreatment significantly alleviated DSSinduced colitis, indicating that macrophages play a vital role in NaCl proinflammatory activity. NaCl aggravates peritoneal macrophage inflammation by promoting the expressions of interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase. Specifically, high NaCl concentrations promote p38 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-and IFN-γ-activated LPMCs mediated by SGK1. CONCLUSION Proinflammatory macrophages may play an essential role in the onset and development of NaCl-promoted inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. The underlining mechanism involves up-regulation of the p38/MAPK axis.展开更多
It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of clo...It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of cloud images by using Contourlet and the power spectrum analysis algorithm.More abundant texture information is extracted.Cloud images can be obtained a multiscale and multidirection decomposition.The coefficient matrix from Contourlet transform of ground nephogram is calculated.The energy,mean and variance characteristics calculated from coefficient matrix are composed of the feature information.The frequency information of the data series from the feature vector values is obtained by the power spectrum analysis.Then Support Vector Machines(SVM)classifier is used to classify according to the frequency information of the trend graph of data series.It is shown that altocumulus and stratus with different texture frequencies can be effectively recognized and further subdivided the types of clouds.展开更多
For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu...For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu1.4, Ni45.6Ti50.4Cu4, Ni42.7Ti50.4Cu6.9) were prepared using magnetron sputtering. Corrosion behaviors of the four films in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions at 37°C were examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the NiTi film is superior to the three NiTiCu films. The EIS data were fitted using a parallel resistance-capacitance (as a constant phase element) circuit associated with the surface oxide film. The thickness of the surface oxide layer of the three NiTiCu films increases with applied potential till 0.8 V, while that of the NiTi film can reach to 1.2 V.展开更多
Multiphase multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramics(UHTCs)hold great promise for achieving better ablation performance because of their broader structure and compositional tunability.However,the knowledge gap wit...Multiphase multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramics(UHTCs)hold great promise for achieving better ablation performance because of their broader structure and compositional tunability.However,the knowledge gap with respect to ablation mechanisms hinders the design and optimization of these materials.Here,through studying the ablation behavior of a multiphase multicomponent carbide(i.e.,Hf–Zr–Ti–Ta–C)composed of Hf-rich carbide,Ta-rich carbide,and Ti-rich carbide phases,a thermodynamicdriven solid-state diffusion process between the constituent multicomponent phases during ablation was revealed.The solid-state diffusion of metal ions(mainly Zr and Ti)occurred among the oxidationaffected three-phase regions beneath the oxide layer,leading to the formation of Zr-and Ti-rich oxides.More importantly,the resulting Ta enrichment of the residual carbide phase enabled their thermodynamic stability to be sustained at a relatively high oxygen partial pressure,thus improving the oxidation resistance.Moreover,the coupling between the solid-state diffusion process and preferential oxidation behavior facilitated the in situ formation of a micron-sized Hf-rich oxide network,which effectively enhanced the mechanical properties of the oxide layer,thereby offering better protection against the scouring of hot high-speed flow.In summary,the synergistic effect of the solid-state diffusion process and preferential oxidation behavior optimized the ablation performance of the multiphase multicomponent carbide under extreme conditions.展开更多
This paper reports a photonics-assisted millimeter-wave (mm-wave) joint radar jamming and secure communication system constructed through a photonic upconversion technique. In the experiments, a 30 GHz constant envelo...This paper reports a photonics-assisted millimeter-wave (mm-wave) joint radar jamming and secure communication system constructed through a photonic upconversion technique. In the experiments, a 30 GHz constant envelope linear frequency-modulated orthogonal frequency division modulation(CE-LFM-OFDM) signal with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz is synthesized by encoding 1 GBaud encrypted 16-quadrature amplitude modulation(16-QAM) OFDM signal. The velocity deception jamming is achieved with a spurious suppression ratio over 30 dB. Furthermore, we efficiently execute range deception jamming with a time shift of 10 ns. Simultaneously, the encrypted 16-QAM OFDM signal is successfully transmitted over a 1.2 m wireless link, with a data rate of 4 Gbit/s.展开更多
To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary ...To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary blood flow during coronary angiography examination,which could lead to myocardial ischemia,acute myocardial infarction,and acute coronary syndrome.The development of CSFP has been reported to be around 7%in patients with suspected coronary heart disease.[2]The common clinical symptoms during CSFP include slow opacification of distal parts of normal epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of ventricular dysfunction,connective tissue disorder,valvular heart diseases,and coronary spasm or ectasia.Nowadays,the identification of the CSFP is achieved through coronary angiography by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grade.The corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC)is a very common,simple,and repeatable method used for the quantification of the coronary flow.[3]展开更多
From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing h...From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing horizons have been found, in which the lower two contain ?Conochitina sp. and Cyathochitina sp., while the upper yields ?Conochitina sp.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42275116 and 41975172).
文摘Aerosol hygroscopicity and liquid water content(ALWC)have important influences on the environmental and climate effect of aerosols.In this study,we measured the hygroscopic growth factors(GF)of particles with dry diameters of 40,80,150,and 200 nm during the wintertime in Nanjing.Both the GF-derived hygroscopicity parameter(κ_(gf))and ALWC increased with particle size,but displayed differing diurnal variations,withκ_(gf)peaking around the midday,while ALWC peaking in the early morning.Nitrate,ammonium and oxygenated organic aerosols(OOA)were found as the chemical components mostly strongly correlated with ALWC.A closure study suggests that during midday photo-oxidation and nighttime high ALWC periods,theκof organic aerosols(κ_(org))was underestimated when using previous parameterizations.Accordingly,we re-constructed parameterizations forκ_(org)and the oxidation level of organics for these periods,which indicates a higher hygroscopicity of photochemically formed OOA than the aqueous OOA,yet both being much higher than the generally assumed OOA hygroscopicity.Additionally,in a typical high ALWC episode,concurrently increased ALWC,nitrate,OOA as well as aerosol surface area and mass concentrations were observed under elevated ambient RH.This strongly indicates a coupled effect that the hygroscopic secondary aerosols,in particular nitratewith strong hygroscopicity,led to large increase in ALWC,which in turn synergistically boosted nitrate and OOA formation by heterogeneous/aqueous reactions.Such interaction may represent an important mechanism contributing to enhanced formation of secondary aerosols and rapid growth of fine particulate matter under relatively high RH conditions.
基金funded by the Research Foundation of Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine(No.2023zhyx-C94)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82071637).
文摘Parameters of peripheral blood cell have been shown as the potential predictors of erectile dysfunction(ED).To investigate the clinical significance of hematological parameters for predicting the risk of rapid ejaculation,we established a rat copulatory model on the basis of ejaculation distribution theory.Blood samples from different ejaculatory groups were collected for peripheral blood cell counts and serum serotonin(5-HT)tests.Meanwhile,the relationship between hematological parameters and ejaculatory behaviors was assessed.Final analysis included 11 rapid ejaculators,10 normal ejaculators,and 10 sluggish ejaculators whose complete data were available.The platelet(PLT)count in rapid ejaculators was significantly lower than that in normal and sluggish ejaculators,whereas the platelet distribution width(PDW)and mean platelet volume(MPV)were significantly greater in rapid ejaculators.Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the PLT was an independent protective factor for rapid ejaculation.Meanwhile,rapid ejaculators were found to have the lowest serum 5-HT compared to normal and sluggish ejaculators(P<0.001).Furthermore,there was a positive correlation between the PLT and serum 5-HT(r=0.662,P<0.001),indicating that the PLT could indirectly reflect the serum 5-HT concentration.In addition,we assessed the association between the PLT and ejaculatory parameters.There was a negative correlation between ejaculation frequency(EF)and the PLT(r=−0.595,P<0.001),whereas there was a positive correlation between ejaculation latency(EL)and the PLT(r=0.740,P<0.001).This study indicated that the PLT might be a useful and convenient diagnostic marker for predicting the risk of rapid ejaculation.
基金This work was supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2016YFB0301103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51771109 and 51631006)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.16QB1402800).
文摘To resolve the strength-ductility trade-off problem for high-strength Mg alloys,we prepared a high performance Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5 Zr(wt%)alloy with yield strength of 371 MPa,ultimate tensile strength of 419MPa and elongation of 15.8%.The processing route involves extrusion,pre-deformation and aging,which leads to a bimodal structure and nano-precipitates.Back-stress originated from the deformationincompatibility in the bimodal-structure alloy can improve ductility.In addition,dislocation density in coarse grains increased during the pre-deformation strain of 2%,and the dislocations in coarse grains can promote the formation of chain-like nano-precipitates during aging treatment.The chain-like nanoprecipitates can act as barriers for dislocations slip and the existing mobile dislocations enable good ductility.
文摘The effects of additives(polyethylene glycol(PEG),sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS))and WC nano-powder on the microstructure,relative density,hardness and electrical conductivity of electroplated WC−Cu composite were investigated.The preparation mechanism was also studied.The microstructure of samples was analyzed by XRD,SEM,EDS,TEM and HRTEM.The synergistic effect of PEG and SDS made the WC−Cu composite more compact during the electroplating process.The hardness of WC−Cu composites increased with the increase in WC content,while the electrical conductivity decreased with the increase in WC content.The density of samples tended to increase initially and then decreased with increase in the additive content.When the electroplating solution contained 10 g/L WC nanopowder,0.2 g/L PEG and 0.1 g/L SDS,the WC−Cu composite exhibited hardness of HV 221 and electric conductivity of 53.7 MS/m.Therefore,the results suggest that WC−Cu composite with excellent properties can be obtained by optimizing the content of additives and WC particles.
基金Project(20171ACE50018)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province,ChinaProject(2017-YZD2-16)supported by the Key Research Project of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,China。
文摘A comprehensive study of the phase composition, microstructure evolution, microhardness and wear performance of WC-12 Co composite coatings fabricated by laser cladding using coaxial powder-feed mode was presented. It was shown that a combination of high scan speed and high laser energy density made WC on the edge of WC-12 Co composite powders partially melt in liquid Co and 304 stainless steel matrix, and then new carbides consisting of lamellar WC and herringbone M3 W3 C(M=Fe,Co) were formed. Meanwhile, WC-12 Co composite coatings with no porosity, cracks and drawbacks like decarburization were obtained, showing high densification and good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Furthermore, a considerably high microhardness of HV0.3 1500-1600, low coefficient of friction of 0.55 and wear rate of(2.15±0.31)×10-7 mm3/(N·m) were achieved owing to the synergistic effect of excellent metallurgical bonding and fine microstructures of composite coating under laser power of 1500 W.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30400402 and No.30571708
文摘AIM: to establish a new animal model for the research of human rotavirus(HRV) infection, its pathogenesis and immunity and evaluation of potential vaccines.METHODS: 5-d, 30-d and 60-d-old Chinese mini-pigs, Guizhou and bamma, were inoculated with a single oral dose of attenuated strain Wa, G1, G3 of HRV, and PbS(control), respectively, and fecal samples of pigs from 0 to 7 d post infection(DPI) were collected individually. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect HRV antigen in feces. the HRV was tested by real-time PCR(Rt-PCR). the sections of the intestinal tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphologic variation by microscopy. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the HRV in intestinal tissue. HRV particles in cells of the ileum were observed by electron micrography.RESULTS: When inoculated with HRV, mini-pigs younger than 30 d developed diarrhea in an agedependent manner and shed HRV antigen of the sameinoculum, as demonstrated by Rt- PCR.Histopathological changes were observed in HRV inoculated mini-pigs including small intestinal cell tumefaction and necrosis. HRV that was distributed in the small intestine was restricted to the top part of the villi on the internal wall of the ileum, which was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Virus particles were observed in Golgi like follicles in HRV-infected neonatal minipigs. Guizhou mini-pigs were more sensitive to HRV than bamma with respect to RV antigen shedding and clinical diarrhea.CONCLUSION: these results indicate that we have established a mini-pig model of HRV induced diarrhea. Our findings are useful for the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of HRV infection.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81271813 and No.81570497
文摘AIM To investigate the influence of high salt on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.METHODS DSS and NaC l were used to establish the proinflammatory animal model. We evaluated the colitis severity. Flow cytometry was employed for detecting the frequencies of Th1, macrophages and Tregs in spleen, mesenteric lymph node and lamina propria. The important role of macrophages in the promotion of DSS-induced colitis by NaCl was evaluated by depleting macrophages with clodronate liposomes. Activated peritoneal macrophages and lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMCs) were stimulated with NaCl, and proteins were detected by western blotting. Cytokines and inflammation genes were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RT-PCR, respectively.RESULTS The study findings indicate that NaC l up-regulates the frequencies of CD11b^+ macrophages and CD4^+IFN-γ^+IL-17^+ T cells in lamina propria in DSS-treated mice. CD3^+CD4^+CD25^+Foxp^3+ T cells, which can secrete high levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, increase through feedback in NaCl-and DSS-treated mice. Furthermore, clodronate liposomes pretreatment significantly alleviated DSSinduced colitis, indicating that macrophages play a vital role in NaCl proinflammatory activity. NaCl aggravates peritoneal macrophage inflammation by promoting the expressions of interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6 and mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase. Specifically, high NaCl concentrations promote p38 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-and IFN-γ-activated LPMCs mediated by SGK1. CONCLUSION Proinflammatory macrophages may play an essential role in the onset and development of NaCl-promoted inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. The underlining mechanism involves up-regulation of the p38/MAPK axis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41775165,41305137,41706109,41475022).
文摘It is important to extract texture feature from the ground-base cloud image for cloud type automatic detection.In this paper,a new method is presented to capture the contour edge,texture and geometric structure of cloud images by using Contourlet and the power spectrum analysis algorithm.More abundant texture information is extracted.Cloud images can be obtained a multiscale and multidirection decomposition.The coefficient matrix from Contourlet transform of ground nephogram is calculated.The energy,mean and variance characteristics calculated from coefficient matrix are composed of the feature information.The frequency information of the data series from the feature vector values is obtained by the power spectrum analysis.Then Support Vector Machines(SVM)classifier is used to classify according to the frequency information of the trend graph of data series.It is shown that altocumulus and stratus with different texture frequencies can be effectively recognized and further subdivided the types of clouds.
文摘For NiTiCu SMA, the Ni atoms are substituted by Cu atoms, which not only greatly reduce the alloy cost, but also have excellent shape memory effect. Four kinds of shape memory alloy films (Ni49.6Ti50.4, Ni48.2Ti50.4Cu1.4, Ni45.6Ti50.4Cu4, Ni42.7Ti50.4Cu6.9) were prepared using magnetron sputtering. Corrosion behaviors of the four films in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solutions at 37°C were examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. It was found that the corrosion resistance of the NiTi film is superior to the three NiTiCu films. The EIS data were fitted using a parallel resistance-capacitance (as a constant phase element) circuit associated with the surface oxide film. The thickness of the surface oxide layer of the three NiTiCu films increases with applied potential till 0.8 V, while that of the NiTi film can reach to 1.2 V.
基金supported by the Early Career Talent Development Program of Jiangxi Province(No.20244BCE52008)the Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province,China(No.20224BBE51044)+1 种基金the Program Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20232BAB214021)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2024JC-YBQN-0467).
文摘Multiphase multicomponent ultrahigh-temperature ceramics(UHTCs)hold great promise for achieving better ablation performance because of their broader structure and compositional tunability.However,the knowledge gap with respect to ablation mechanisms hinders the design and optimization of these materials.Here,through studying the ablation behavior of a multiphase multicomponent carbide(i.e.,Hf–Zr–Ti–Ta–C)composed of Hf-rich carbide,Ta-rich carbide,and Ti-rich carbide phases,a thermodynamicdriven solid-state diffusion process between the constituent multicomponent phases during ablation was revealed.The solid-state diffusion of metal ions(mainly Zr and Ti)occurred among the oxidationaffected three-phase regions beneath the oxide layer,leading to the formation of Zr-and Ti-rich oxides.More importantly,the resulting Ta enrichment of the residual carbide phase enabled their thermodynamic stability to be sustained at a relatively high oxygen partial pressure,thus improving the oxidation resistance.Moreover,the coupling between the solid-state diffusion process and preferential oxidation behavior facilitated the in situ formation of a micron-sized Hf-rich oxide network,which effectively enhanced the mechanical properties of the oxide layer,thereby offering better protection against the scouring of hot high-speed flow.In summary,the synergistic effect of the solid-state diffusion process and preferential oxidation behavior optimized the ablation performance of the multiphase multicomponent carbide under extreme conditions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2022YFB2804502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62175143)。
文摘This paper reports a photonics-assisted millimeter-wave (mm-wave) joint radar jamming and secure communication system constructed through a photonic upconversion technique. In the experiments, a 30 GHz constant envelope linear frequency-modulated orthogonal frequency division modulation(CE-LFM-OFDM) signal with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz is synthesized by encoding 1 GBaud encrypted 16-quadrature amplitude modulation(16-QAM) OFDM signal. The velocity deception jamming is achieved with a spurious suppression ratio over 30 dB. Furthermore, we efficiently execute range deception jamming with a time shift of 10 ns. Simultaneously, the encrypted 16-QAM OFDM signal is successfully transmitted over a 1.2 m wireless link, with a data rate of 4 Gbit/s.
基金by a grant from the Jinshan Health and Family Planning Commission(KJ-KTQN-2017-10)。
文摘To the Editor:The coronary slow flow phenomenon(CSFP)was first reported by Tambe et al in 1972.[1]Specifically,patients suffering from chest pain but without significant coronary artery lesion,displayed slow coronary blood flow during coronary angiography examination,which could lead to myocardial ischemia,acute myocardial infarction,and acute coronary syndrome.The development of CSFP has been reported to be around 7%in patients with suspected coronary heart disease.[2]The common clinical symptoms during CSFP include slow opacification of distal parts of normal epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of ventricular dysfunction,connective tissue disorder,valvular heart diseases,and coronary spasm or ectasia.Nowadays,the identification of the CSFP is achieved through coronary angiography by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grade.The corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC)is a very common,simple,and repeatable method used for the quantification of the coronary flow.[3]
文摘From the stratotype section of the Bazhukeng Formation, Dengshan Group (formerly assigned to the late Proterozoic), situated at Dengshan Village, Zhujia, Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, three dinoflagellate-bearing horizons have been found, in which the lower two contain ?Conochitina sp. and Cyathochitina sp., while the upper yields ?Conochitina sp.
