This paper explores security risks in state estimation based on multi-sensor systems that implement a Kalman filter and aχ^(2) detector.When measurements are transmitted via wireless networks to a remote estimator,th...This paper explores security risks in state estimation based on multi-sensor systems that implement a Kalman filter and aχ^(2) detector.When measurements are transmitted via wireless networks to a remote estimator,the innovation sequence becomes susceptible to interception and manipulation by adversaries.We consider a class of linear deception attacks,wherein the attacker alters the innovation to degrade estimation accuracy while maintaining stealth against the detector.Given the inherent volatility of the detection function based on theχ^(2) detector,we propose broadening the traditional feasibility constraint to accommodate a certain degree of deviation from the distribution of the innovation.This broadening enables the design of stealthy attacks that exploit the tolerance inherent in the detection mechanism.The state estimation error is quantified and analyzed by deriving the iteration of the error covariance matrix of the remote estimator under these conditions.The selected degree of deviation is combined with the error covariance to establish the objective function and the attack scheme is acquired by solving an optimization problem.Furthermore,we propose a novel detection algorithm that employs a majority-voting mechanism to determine whether the system is under attack,with decision parameters dynamically adjusted in response to system behavior.This approach enhances sensitivity to stealthy and persistent attacks without increasing the false alarm rate.Simulation results show that the designed leads to about a 41%rise in the trace of error covariance for stable systems and 29%for unstable systems,significantly impairing estimation performance.Concurrently,the proposed detection algorithm enhances the attack detection rate by 33%compared to conventional methods.展开更多
In this article, we provided a one-step hydrothermal method to prepare composite AIZr pillaring agents, and synthesized AlZr-pillared clays （AIZr-PILC） via ion exchange. Compared with conventional methods, our metho...In this article, we provided a one-step hydrothermal method to prepare composite AIZr pillaring agents, and synthesized AlZr-pillared clays （AIZr-PILC） via ion exchange. Compared with conventional methods, our method successfully shortened synthetic routes and greatly reduced consumption of the materials. Then, A1Zr-PILC-supported manganese and cerium oxide catalysts were obtained by impregnation method. The compositions and properties of these catalysts were characterized by some technical means. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy clearly shows the existence of Mn, Ce, and O, which indicates the successful loading of the active components on the surface of AIZr-PILC. Meanwhile, the results of X- ray diffraction （XRD） and N2 adsorption experiments demonstrate that the synthesized A1Zr-PILC out- performs the raw clays （Na-mmt） and mononuclear AI-PILC in the catalytic combustion of chloroben- zene. XRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy also proves that the high activity of them is related to the high dispersion of the oxides and the exposure of more active sites. H2-temper- ature-programmed reduction shows that cerium can promote the redox cycles of the manganese system through the strong interactions between MnO2, CeO2 and AIZr-PILC. In particular, MnCe（9：1 ）/AIZr-PILC shows the best catalytic activity in the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene.展开更多
In this paper,a hydrothermal method was used to prepare(Ce,Cr)-MOF with different Ce/Cr molar ratios and then a series of CeO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3) mixed metal oxides(CeCr-MMO)with mesoporous structure were prepared by ther...In this paper,a hydrothermal method was used to prepare(Ce,Cr)-MOF with different Ce/Cr molar ratios and then a series of CeO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3) mixed metal oxides(CeCr-MMO)with mesoporous structure were prepared by thermal decomposition of these MOFs at different temperatures.After a series of characterization techniques were applied to test the physicochemical properties of the materials,it is found that thermal decomposition temperature(TDT)and Ce/Cr molar ratios have important effects on the structure and performance of CeCr-MMO.As the TDT reaches 400℃ and above,(Ce,Cr)-MOF can be completely decomposed to form CeCr-MMO.The catalyst with Ce/Cr molar ratio of 4:1 has the highest catalytic activity,which can completely degrade benzene at 230℃.It is concluded that the interaction between CeO_(2) and Cr_(2)O_(3) is helpful for increasing the concentration of Ce^(3+),Cr^(6+) and lattice oxygen species(OLatt)on the catalyst surface,thus improving the catalytic performance.Moreover,CeCr(4:1)-MMO-400 shows excellent durability against the presence of chlorobenzene and H2O during 100 h continuous reaction.展开更多
Cells are the basic unit of life structure and life activities.Because of the complex micro-environment of cells,the content of components that play a key role is relatively small,so single-cell analysis is extremely ...Cells are the basic unit of life structure and life activities.Because of the complex micro-environment of cells,the content of components that play a key role is relatively small,so single-cell analysis is extremely challenging.In recent years,single-cell sequencing technology has been developed and matured.Single-cell sequencing can reveal the composition and physiological diversity of cells,and the existing single-cell separation technology,single-cell whole genome amplification technology,single The principles and applications of cell whole transcriptome amplification technology and single cell transcriptome sequencing are summarized and summarized.展开更多
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)is a multifunctional protein that possesses cytokine,enzyme,and endocrine activities and acts as a chaperone-like molecule.Owing to its immune-inflammatory regulatory prop-er...Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)is a multifunctional protein that possesses cytokine,enzyme,and endocrine activities and acts as a chaperone-like molecule.Owing to its immune-inflammatory regulatory prop-erties,the role of MIF has long been an attractive target in research on various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.MIF is also widely expressed in the central nervous system(CNS),and its potential roles in CNS disor-ders have become a focus to elucidate the physiological and pathological effects of MIF and to explore its potential significance in the treatment of CNS diseases.Previously,the majority of work on MIF functional regulation was focused on MIF tautomerase inhibitors.However,mounting information has indicated that the functions of MIF extend far beyond its tautomerase activity.Here,we review the recent advances in understanding the complex roles of MIF in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders as well as the discovery and design of small molecules targeted to tautomerase and nuclease of MIF.展开更多
Sigma-1 receptor(σ1R)has become a focus point of drug discovery for central nervous system(CNS)diseases.A series of novel 1-phenylethan-1-one O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime derivatives were synthesized.In vitro biological eva...Sigma-1 receptor(σ1R)has become a focus point of drug discovery for central nervous system(CNS)diseases.A series of novel 1-phenylethan-1-one O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime derivatives were synthesized.In vitro biological evaluation led to the identification of 1a,14a,15d and 16d as the most high-affinity(K_(i)<4 nmol/L)and selectiveσ1R agonists.Among these,15d,the most metabolically stable derivative exhibited high selectivity forσ1R in relation toσ_(2)R and 52 other human targets.In addition to low CYP450 inhibition and induction,15d also exhibited high brain permeability and excellent oral bioavailability.Importantly,15d demonstrated effective antipsychotic potency,particularly for alleviating negative symptoms and improving cognitive impairment in experimental animal models,both of which are major challenges for schizophrenia treatment.Moreover,15d produced no significant extrapyramidal symptoms,exhibiting superior pharmacological profiles in relation to current antipsychotic drugs.Mechanistically,15d inhibited GSK3βand enhanced prefrontal BDNF expression and excitatory synaptic transmission in pyramidal neurons.Collectively,these in vivo proof-of-concept findings provide substantial experimental evidence to demonstrate that modulatingσ1R represents a potential new therapeutic approach for schizophrenia.The novel chemical entity along with its favorable drug-like and pharmacological profile of 15d renders it a promising candidate for treating schizophrenia.展开更多
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperlactic acidemia and stroke-like symptoms.
Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1...Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1994, Pascual Leone first used it for the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD) and observed an improvement in the motor symptoms of most of the patients. Recent studies have confirmed that both motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with PD could be improved through biochemical, electrophysiological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Different therapeutic applications can be achieved by adjusting the stimulation parameters.Physical factors affecting the therapeutic effect include the shape and size of the coil, array orientation, materials and intensity, frequency of stimulus, etc.; the biological factors include stimulating targets, baseline, circadian rhythms, cerebral cortex thickness, and so on. This paper will review these factors and provide a reference for future research.展开更多
文摘This paper explores security risks in state estimation based on multi-sensor systems that implement a Kalman filter and aχ^(2) detector.When measurements are transmitted via wireless networks to a remote estimator,the innovation sequence becomes susceptible to interception and manipulation by adversaries.We consider a class of linear deception attacks,wherein the attacker alters the innovation to degrade estimation accuracy while maintaining stealth against the detector.Given the inherent volatility of the detection function based on theχ^(2) detector,we propose broadening the traditional feasibility constraint to accommodate a certain degree of deviation from the distribution of the innovation.This broadening enables the design of stealthy attacks that exploit the tolerance inherent in the detection mechanism.The state estimation error is quantified and analyzed by deriving the iteration of the error covariance matrix of the remote estimator under these conditions.The selected degree of deviation is combined with the error covariance to establish the objective function and the attack scheme is acquired by solving an optimization problem.Furthermore,we propose a novel detection algorithm that employs a majority-voting mechanism to determine whether the system is under attack,with decision parameters dynamically adjusted in response to system behavior.This approach enhances sensitivity to stealthy and persistent attacks without increasing the false alarm rate.Simulation results show that the designed leads to about a 41%rise in the trace of error covariance for stable systems and 29%for unstable systems,significantly impairing estimation performance.Concurrently,the proposed detection algorithm enhances the attack detection rate by 33%compared to conventional methods.
基金Project supported by 2017 National Innovation Training Program for College Students(201710349004)the Project of Shaoxing University(2015LG1002)+1 种基金2017 Zhejiang Province Innovation Training Program for College Students(2017R428024)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21577094)
文摘In this article, we provided a one-step hydrothermal method to prepare composite AIZr pillaring agents, and synthesized AlZr-pillared clays （AIZr-PILC） via ion exchange. Compared with conventional methods, our method successfully shortened synthetic routes and greatly reduced consumption of the materials. Then, A1Zr-PILC-supported manganese and cerium oxide catalysts were obtained by impregnation method. The compositions and properties of these catalysts were characterized by some technical means. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy clearly shows the existence of Mn, Ce, and O, which indicates the successful loading of the active components on the surface of AIZr-PILC. Meanwhile, the results of X- ray diffraction （XRD） and N2 adsorption experiments demonstrate that the synthesized A1Zr-PILC out- performs the raw clays （Na-mmt） and mononuclear AI-PILC in the catalytic combustion of chloroben- zene. XRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy also proves that the high activity of them is related to the high dispersion of the oxides and the exposure of more active sites. H2-temper- ature-programmed reduction shows that cerium can promote the redox cycles of the manganese system through the strong interactions between MnO2, CeO2 and AIZr-PILC. In particular, MnCe（9：1 ）/AIZr-PILC shows the best catalytic activity in the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21577094)Zhejiang Public Welfare Technology Research Project(LGG19B070003).
文摘In this paper,a hydrothermal method was used to prepare(Ce,Cr)-MOF with different Ce/Cr molar ratios and then a series of CeO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3) mixed metal oxides(CeCr-MMO)with mesoporous structure were prepared by thermal decomposition of these MOFs at different temperatures.After a series of characterization techniques were applied to test the physicochemical properties of the materials,it is found that thermal decomposition temperature(TDT)and Ce/Cr molar ratios have important effects on the structure and performance of CeCr-MMO.As the TDT reaches 400℃ and above,(Ce,Cr)-MOF can be completely decomposed to form CeCr-MMO.The catalyst with Ce/Cr molar ratio of 4:1 has the highest catalytic activity,which can completely degrade benzene at 230℃.It is concluded that the interaction between CeO_(2) and Cr_(2)O_(3) is helpful for increasing the concentration of Ce^(3+),Cr^(6+) and lattice oxygen species(OLatt)on the catalyst surface,thus improving the catalytic performance.Moreover,CeCr(4:1)-MMO-400 shows excellent durability against the presence of chlorobenzene and H2O during 100 h continuous reaction.
文摘Cells are the basic unit of life structure and life activities.Because of the complex micro-environment of cells,the content of components that play a key role is relatively small,so single-cell analysis is extremely challenging.In recent years,single-cell sequencing technology has been developed and matured.Single-cell sequencing can reveal the composition and physiological diversity of cells,and the existing single-cell separation technology,single-cell whole genome amplification technology,single The principles and applications of cell whole transcriptome amplification technology and single cell transcriptome sequencing are summarized and summarized.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0206000)STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0204004)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22177086,81703496)Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(SYS2020092,China)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(B2021168,China)the Priority Academic Program Development of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes(PAPD,China).
文摘Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)is a multifunctional protein that possesses cytokine,enzyme,and endocrine activities and acts as a chaperone-like molecule.Owing to its immune-inflammatory regulatory prop-erties,the role of MIF has long been an attractive target in research on various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.MIF is also widely expressed in the central nervous system(CNS),and its potential roles in CNS disor-ders have become a focus to elucidate the physiological and pathological effects of MIF and to explore its potential significance in the treatment of CNS diseases.Previously,the majority of work on MIF functional regulation was focused on MIF tautomerase inhibitors.However,mounting information has indicated that the functions of MIF extend far beyond its tautomerase activity.Here,we review the recent advances in understanding the complex roles of MIF in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders as well as the discovery and design of small molecules targeted to tautomerase and nuclease of MIF.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0206000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22177086,81973334,and 22477093)+2 种基金STI2030-Major Projects(No.2021ZD0204004,China)Major Basic Research Project of the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes(No.22KJA350004,China)Priority Academic Program Development of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutes(PAPD).
文摘Sigma-1 receptor(σ1R)has become a focus point of drug discovery for central nervous system(CNS)diseases.A series of novel 1-phenylethan-1-one O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime derivatives were synthesized.In vitro biological evaluation led to the identification of 1a,14a,15d and 16d as the most high-affinity(K_(i)<4 nmol/L)and selectiveσ1R agonists.Among these,15d,the most metabolically stable derivative exhibited high selectivity forσ1R in relation toσ_(2)R and 52 other human targets.In addition to low CYP450 inhibition and induction,15d also exhibited high brain permeability and excellent oral bioavailability.Importantly,15d demonstrated effective antipsychotic potency,particularly for alleviating negative symptoms and improving cognitive impairment in experimental animal models,both of which are major challenges for schizophrenia treatment.Moreover,15d produced no significant extrapyramidal symptoms,exhibiting superior pharmacological profiles in relation to current antipsychotic drugs.Mechanistically,15d inhibited GSK3βand enhanced prefrontal BDNF expression and excitatory synaptic transmission in pyramidal neurons.Collectively,these in vivo proof-of-concept findings provide substantial experimental evidence to demonstrate that modulatingσ1R represents a potential new therapeutic approach for schizophrenia.The novel chemical entity along with its favorable drug-like and pharmacological profile of 15d renders it a promising candidate for treating schizophrenia.
基金Support Projects of“Yangfan Plan”of Beijing Medical Administration (No.ZYLX201836)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.NSFC81371201)+4 种基金Key projects of basic and clinical cooperation of Capital Medical University (No.16JL03)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of The People's Republic of China (No.2015BAI12B04)National Key Technology Research and Developmenr Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of The People's Republic of China (No.2015BAI12B02)Beijing Institute For Brain Disorders (No.1152130306)Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals' Mission Plan (No.SML20150502).
文摘Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperlactic acidemia and stroke-like symptoms.
文摘Barker first used transcranial magnetic stimulation in 1985 in human brain function research. Since then, it has gradually been developed into a secure and non-invasive treatment method for neurological diseases. In 1994, Pascual Leone first used it for the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD) and observed an improvement in the motor symptoms of most of the patients. Recent studies have confirmed that both motor and non-motor symptoms of patients with PD could be improved through biochemical, electrophysiological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Different therapeutic applications can be achieved by adjusting the stimulation parameters.Physical factors affecting the therapeutic effect include the shape and size of the coil, array orientation, materials and intensity, frequency of stimulus, etc.; the biological factors include stimulating targets, baseline, circadian rhythms, cerebral cortex thickness, and so on. This paper will review these factors and provide a reference for future research.
