Recent progress in the physics and engineering design study for themodification programme of JT-60 is presented. In order to achieve a steady state high-βplasmaoperation, which is the dominant issue of this programme...Recent progress in the physics and engineering design study for themodification programme of JT-60 is presented. In order to achieve a steady state high-βplasmaoperation, which is the dominant issue of this programme, physics design for the MHD control and thestability analysis is investigated. Engineering design and the R & D for the superconducting coils,irradiation shield are performed well towards the mission of programme.展开更多
Transmission power lines are a common source of extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields which are usually analyzed as serial lines in one direction.Overhead vertical-type double-circuit power lines,which are gene...Transmission power lines are a common source of extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields which are usually analyzed as serial lines in one direction.Overhead vertical-type double-circuit power lines,which are generally used in Japan,sometimes carry different current for each circuit and change direction.In this paper,we focused on both the angle of direction change and the current balance in order to clarify the characteristics of distribution of magnetic fields at a height of 1 m.The magnetic field distributions were analyzed considering both the angle of power lines changing direction and the current balance of each circuit.The total magnetic field under overhead vertical-type double-circuit power lines with same current was generally reduced in comparison with that under a single-circuit power line due to phase difference.The total magnetic fields around the turning point where the change of transmission lines direction increased because each circuit came closer in that area.The component of B_z effect on total magnetic field was greatest around the maximum of total magnetic fields nearby the turning point.展开更多
Background/Aims:Human invariant natural killer T(iNKT) cells express a TCR Vα 24-Jα Q paired with Vβ 11 and are activated by a surrogate ligand,α-galactosylceramide(α GalCer) .The iNKT cells are involved in the r...Background/Aims:Human invariant natural killer T(iNKT) cells express a TCR Vα 24-Jα Q paired with Vβ 11 and are activated by a surrogate ligand,α-galactosylceramide(α GalCer) .The iNKT cells are involved in the regulation of anti-viral immune responses;however,little is known about their roles in hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Methods:We compared the frequency of peripheral iNKT cells and their cytokine producing capacity reactive to α GalCer between chronically HCV-infected patients and healthy subjects.Cytokine production of freshly isolated iNKT cells were analyzed by ELISPOT.Activated iNKT cells were obtained by culture with α GalCer-loaded dendritic cells(DCs) and re-stimulated with them for the measurement of cytokine production.Results:The frequencies of iNKT cells were not different between HCV-infected patients and healthy subjects.The number of fresh IFN-γ-producing iNKT cells reactive to α GalCer was not different between the patients and controls,whereas fresh iNKT cells produced negligible amounts of Th2 cytokines regardless of HCV infection.In response to α GalCer,expanded iNKT cells from the patients secreted IFN-γ comparable in amount to controls,whereas they released significantly more IL-13 than cells from controls.Conclusions:Activated iNKT cells from HCV-infected patients gain more ability to secrete IL-13 than those from healthy subjects.展开更多
文摘Recent progress in the physics and engineering design study for themodification programme of JT-60 is presented. In order to achieve a steady state high-βplasmaoperation, which is the dominant issue of this programme, physics design for the MHD control and thestability analysis is investigated. Engineering design and the R & D for the superconducting coils,irradiation shield are performed well towards the mission of programme.
文摘Transmission power lines are a common source of extremely low frequency(ELF) magnetic fields which are usually analyzed as serial lines in one direction.Overhead vertical-type double-circuit power lines,which are generally used in Japan,sometimes carry different current for each circuit and change direction.In this paper,we focused on both the angle of direction change and the current balance in order to clarify the characteristics of distribution of magnetic fields at a height of 1 m.The magnetic field distributions were analyzed considering both the angle of power lines changing direction and the current balance of each circuit.The total magnetic field under overhead vertical-type double-circuit power lines with same current was generally reduced in comparison with that under a single-circuit power line due to phase difference.The total magnetic fields around the turning point where the change of transmission lines direction increased because each circuit came closer in that area.The component of B_z effect on total magnetic field was greatest around the maximum of total magnetic fields nearby the turning point.
文摘Background/Aims:Human invariant natural killer T(iNKT) cells express a TCR Vα 24-Jα Q paired with Vβ 11 and are activated by a surrogate ligand,α-galactosylceramide(α GalCer) .The iNKT cells are involved in the regulation of anti-viral immune responses;however,little is known about their roles in hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.Methods:We compared the frequency of peripheral iNKT cells and their cytokine producing capacity reactive to α GalCer between chronically HCV-infected patients and healthy subjects.Cytokine production of freshly isolated iNKT cells were analyzed by ELISPOT.Activated iNKT cells were obtained by culture with α GalCer-loaded dendritic cells(DCs) and re-stimulated with them for the measurement of cytokine production.Results:The frequencies of iNKT cells were not different between HCV-infected patients and healthy subjects.The number of fresh IFN-γ-producing iNKT cells reactive to α GalCer was not different between the patients and controls,whereas fresh iNKT cells produced negligible amounts of Th2 cytokines regardless of HCV infection.In response to α GalCer,expanded iNKT cells from the patients secreted IFN-γ comparable in amount to controls,whereas they released significantly more IL-13 than cells from controls.Conclusions:Activated iNKT cells from HCV-infected patients gain more ability to secrete IL-13 than those from healthy subjects.
