The aim of this study was to evaluate groundwater fitness for domestic and irrigational use in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh,India.For this study,block wise(n=16)groundwater samples were collected,and measured param...The aim of this study was to evaluate groundwater fitness for domestic and irrigational use in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh,India.For this study,block wise(n=16)groundwater samples were collected,and measured parameters were analyzed using the pollution index of groundwater(PIG),various irrigational indices,and graphical techniques.The results of this study suggested that most of the parameters were within the prescribed limits of WHO and BIS,excluding F-(0.4 to 2.6 mg L^(-1))and Fe^(2+)(0.1 to 1.7 mg L^(-1)).Concentrations of total dissolved solids(TDS)were exceeded the desirable limit(>500 mg L^(-1))in 43.75%of samples at some sites.The Gibbs plot revealed that groundwater chemistry was governed by rock-water interaction in the region,especially silicate weathering.The Piper plot suggested that Ca^(2+)-HCO3-is dominant hydrochemical facies in the area followed by mixed Ca^(2+)-Na^(+)-HCO_(3)^(-)type,Na^(+)-Cl^(-)type,and Na^(+)-HCO_(3)^(-)type.PIG evaluation revealed that the contribution of F-and Fe2+in groundwater degradation is high in comparison to other elements in the region,about 18.75%samples showed low pollution,while about 6.25%samples shows moderate pollution,and 6.25%samples reflected high pollution.The human health risk(HHR)assessment finding suggested that children(mean:1.36)are more vulnerable than adults(mean:1.01).Sodium absorption ration(SAR),Residual sodium carbonate(RSC),and Permeability index(PI)indicated that most of the groundwater was suitable for irrigation,whereas,Magnesium hazard ration(MHR)and Potential salinity(PS)indices suggested that only 37.5%and 56.25%of the samples were suitable for irrigational use,respectively.This regional study would help in decision making for stakeholders and relevant authorities in the execution of groundwater management and remediation plans in the area.展开更多
Coal fy ash(CFA)is a byproduct of thermal power plant and collected from fue gases by separator.Composition of CFA depends on the type of coal used and it has both crystalline and amorphous character.It is considered ...Coal fy ash(CFA)is a byproduct of thermal power plant and collected from fue gases by separator.Composition of CFA depends on the type of coal used and it has both crystalline and amorphous character.It is considered to be an environmental pollutant and used in number of areas.CFA is a useful material and widely used in cement production and as a promising adsorbent for water remediation.CFA used for remediation of wastewater solves problems related to water quality issues and waste management.The physical properties such as porosity,surface area,morphology,and chemical composition(iron oxide,alumina,silica,titania,etc.)make CFA efcient material for wastewater treatment.CFA is also converted to geopolymer,which is used as an adsorbent and photocatalyst.Dye,organic compounds,toxic heavy metal ions,etc.have been removed using CFA and modifed CFA adsorbents.Diferent adsorption efciencies have been reported for diferent adsorbate and CFA adsorbents.Numbers of adsorption isotherm and kinetic models have been discussed.展开更多
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate groundwater fitness for domestic and irrigational use in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh,India.For this study,block wise(n=16)groundwater samples were collected,and measured parameters were analyzed using the pollution index of groundwater(PIG),various irrigational indices,and graphical techniques.The results of this study suggested that most of the parameters were within the prescribed limits of WHO and BIS,excluding F-(0.4 to 2.6 mg L^(-1))and Fe^(2+)(0.1 to 1.7 mg L^(-1)).Concentrations of total dissolved solids(TDS)were exceeded the desirable limit(>500 mg L^(-1))in 43.75%of samples at some sites.The Gibbs plot revealed that groundwater chemistry was governed by rock-water interaction in the region,especially silicate weathering.The Piper plot suggested that Ca^(2+)-HCO3-is dominant hydrochemical facies in the area followed by mixed Ca^(2+)-Na^(+)-HCO_(3)^(-)type,Na^(+)-Cl^(-)type,and Na^(+)-HCO_(3)^(-)type.PIG evaluation revealed that the contribution of F-and Fe2+in groundwater degradation is high in comparison to other elements in the region,about 18.75%samples showed low pollution,while about 6.25%samples shows moderate pollution,and 6.25%samples reflected high pollution.The human health risk(HHR)assessment finding suggested that children(mean:1.36)are more vulnerable than adults(mean:1.01).Sodium absorption ration(SAR),Residual sodium carbonate(RSC),and Permeability index(PI)indicated that most of the groundwater was suitable for irrigation,whereas,Magnesium hazard ration(MHR)and Potential salinity(PS)indices suggested that only 37.5%and 56.25%of the samples were suitable for irrigational use,respectively.This regional study would help in decision making for stakeholders and relevant authorities in the execution of groundwater management and remediation plans in the area.
基金Authors are grateful to the Sharda University,Greater Noida,UP,India for granting seed fund(SUSF1902-24)to do the research.
文摘Coal fy ash(CFA)is a byproduct of thermal power plant and collected from fue gases by separator.Composition of CFA depends on the type of coal used and it has both crystalline and amorphous character.It is considered to be an environmental pollutant and used in number of areas.CFA is a useful material and widely used in cement production and as a promising adsorbent for water remediation.CFA used for remediation of wastewater solves problems related to water quality issues and waste management.The physical properties such as porosity,surface area,morphology,and chemical composition(iron oxide,alumina,silica,titania,etc.)make CFA efcient material for wastewater treatment.CFA is also converted to geopolymer,which is used as an adsorbent and photocatalyst.Dye,organic compounds,toxic heavy metal ions,etc.have been removed using CFA and modifed CFA adsorbents.Diferent adsorption efciencies have been reported for diferent adsorbate and CFA adsorbents.Numbers of adsorption isotherm and kinetic models have been discussed.
