The nZEB objectives have raised the standard of building performance and changed the way in which buildings are designed and used.Although energy dynamic simulation tools are potentially the most suitable way for accu...The nZEB objectives have raised the standard of building performance and changed the way in which buildings are designed and used.Although energy dynamic simulation tools are potentially the most suitable way for accurately evaluating and forecasting the thermal performance,they need several data inputs and user’s knowledge that can affect the reliability of the results.It is precisely these two aspects that proved to be particularly critical,since the reliability of the ICT calculation tools has been widely proven in recent time.However,in order to foster credibility in sustainable architecture,bridging the gap between predicted and measured performance is pivotal to boost the building market towards energy efficiency and provide reliable data to inhabitant,investors and policy maker.The present research aims to identify and quantify the main factors that affect the energy performance gap through a detailed energy analysis carried out on a case study,which can be considered one of the first nearly zero energy residential complex built in Italy.Based on the analysis,the study identifies the main causes of the deviation between the calculated and measured data and demonstrates how it is possible to achieve very reliable models and,therefore,real buildings.Although the procedure traces a classic model calibration scheme,actually it consists of a verification of possible downstream errors mainly due to human factors,such as the provision of incorrect technical data or inappropriate operation.Some observations on the technical,management and regulatory gaps that may generate these errors are reported at the end of the study,together with practical suggestions that can provide effective solutions.展开更多
The most suitable intervention for energy rehabilitation of historical buildings has to reach both the goal of the optimization of the energy saving and the preservation of the original characteristics of the building...The most suitable intervention for energy rehabilitation of historical buildings has to reach both the goal of the optimization of the energy saving and the preservation of the original characteristics of the building.The present work is related to refurbishment and energy rehabilitation of an historical building dating back to 15th century.The building complex under study is an ancient residential courtyard building located in Northern Italy near Verona.The strategies have been focused on the building envelope and energy supply systems respecting both the regulatory constraints imposed by preservation of historical buildings and,where possible,the current national legislation about the building energy efficiency.This result was achieved only through the identification of best solutions based on mutual compatibility and optimization of the performance of the building envelope and the HVAC systems.In the design phase,the thermal performance of the building for both winter and summer periods have been evaluated by dynamic computer simulations.It has been shown that adequate interventions focused on the building envelope and HVAC systems reduces the energy consumption in a significant way.Further,it has been shown through economical analysis that extra-costs for energy retrofit measures paid back quickly during the life span of the building.Historical buildings are characterized by unique and specific characters that could be preserved,also upgrading them to modern requirements.This study demonstrates how it is possible to intervene effectively(and correctly by the historical and architectural point of view)on the energy performance of ancient buildings.By applying innovative techniques and technologies,in fact,it is possible to achieve high energy efficiency levels,without affecting the original architectural appearance and value.The methodology presented can be an interesting case study for all those building interventions where energy,cultural and historical issues intersect.展开更多
文摘The nZEB objectives have raised the standard of building performance and changed the way in which buildings are designed and used.Although energy dynamic simulation tools are potentially the most suitable way for accurately evaluating and forecasting the thermal performance,they need several data inputs and user’s knowledge that can affect the reliability of the results.It is precisely these two aspects that proved to be particularly critical,since the reliability of the ICT calculation tools has been widely proven in recent time.However,in order to foster credibility in sustainable architecture,bridging the gap between predicted and measured performance is pivotal to boost the building market towards energy efficiency and provide reliable data to inhabitant,investors and policy maker.The present research aims to identify and quantify the main factors that affect the energy performance gap through a detailed energy analysis carried out on a case study,which can be considered one of the first nearly zero energy residential complex built in Italy.Based on the analysis,the study identifies the main causes of the deviation between the calculated and measured data and demonstrates how it is possible to achieve very reliable models and,therefore,real buildings.Although the procedure traces a classic model calibration scheme,actually it consists of a verification of possible downstream errors mainly due to human factors,such as the provision of incorrect technical data or inappropriate operation.Some observations on the technical,management and regulatory gaps that may generate these errors are reported at the end of the study,together with practical suggestions that can provide effective solutions.
文摘The most suitable intervention for energy rehabilitation of historical buildings has to reach both the goal of the optimization of the energy saving and the preservation of the original characteristics of the building.The present work is related to refurbishment and energy rehabilitation of an historical building dating back to 15th century.The building complex under study is an ancient residential courtyard building located in Northern Italy near Verona.The strategies have been focused on the building envelope and energy supply systems respecting both the regulatory constraints imposed by preservation of historical buildings and,where possible,the current national legislation about the building energy efficiency.This result was achieved only through the identification of best solutions based on mutual compatibility and optimization of the performance of the building envelope and the HVAC systems.In the design phase,the thermal performance of the building for both winter and summer periods have been evaluated by dynamic computer simulations.It has been shown that adequate interventions focused on the building envelope and HVAC systems reduces the energy consumption in a significant way.Further,it has been shown through economical analysis that extra-costs for energy retrofit measures paid back quickly during the life span of the building.Historical buildings are characterized by unique and specific characters that could be preserved,also upgrading them to modern requirements.This study demonstrates how it is possible to intervene effectively(and correctly by the historical and architectural point of view)on the energy performance of ancient buildings.By applying innovative techniques and technologies,in fact,it is possible to achieve high energy efficiency levels,without affecting the original architectural appearance and value.The methodology presented can be an interesting case study for all those building interventions where energy,cultural and historical issues intersect.
