Feeding behavior is regulated by a complex network of endogenous neuropeptides.In chordates,this role is suggested to be under the control of diverse factors including thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH).However,whethe...Feeding behavior is regulated by a complex network of endogenous neuropeptides.In chordates,this role is suggested to be under the control of diverse factors including thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH).However,whether this regulatory activity of TRH is functionally conserved in non-chordate metazoans,and to what extent this process is underpinned by interactions of TRH with other neuropeptides such as cholecystokinin(CCK,known as a satiety signal),remain unclear.This study investigated the TRH signaling system in the echinoderm Apostichopus japonicus.Bioinformatic analyses and ligand-binding assays identified a functional TRH receptor(AjTRHR)that activated signaling via the MAPK/ERK1/2pathways.Experimental administration of TRH significantly reduced feeding activity,while up-regulating CCK expression.RNA interference(RNAi)experiments confirmed that both CCK and TRH are essential components of satiety signaling,working synergistically to mediate feeding inhibition.Evolutionary analysis of TRHtype peptides revealed greater conservation of the short isoform of TRH compared to the long isoform,probably driven by strong selection acting on the functional redundancy.These findings provide compelling evidence of a TRH-mediated signaling system in non-chordate deuterostomes,expandingourunderstandingof neuropeptide-regulated feeding mechanisms in marine invertebrates.展开更多
Abstract The unfolded protein response(UPR)is an important protective and compensatory strategy used during endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by factors including glucose starvation,low pH,or heat shock.However,ther...Abstract The unfolded protein response(UPR)is an important protective and compensatory strategy used during endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by factors including glucose starvation,low pH,or heat shock.However,there is very little information on the possible role(s)of the UPR under adverse conditions experienced by marine invertebrates.We observed that rough endoplasmic reticulum(ER)was dramatically expanded and numerous autophagosomes were accumulated in the intestinal cells of sea cucumbers,Apostichopus japonicus,under heat stress(4 h at 25°C compared with 15°C controls).Moreover,heat stress led to sharp increases in the relative transcript and protein expression levels of two primary ER chaperones:the endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 29-like(ERP29)and protein disulfi de-isomerase A6-like(PDIA6).These results suggest a potential adaptive mechanism to deal with heat-induced stress in sea cucumber intestine.展开更多
Objective Several research gaps affect the improvement of care for healthy ageing.Their identification is crucial to developing a specific research prioritisation agenda supporting progress at the micro(clinical),meso...Objective Several research gaps affect the improvement of care for healthy ageing.Their identification is crucial to developing a specific research prioritisation agenda supporting progress at the micro(clinical),meso(service delivery)and macro(system)levels.To achieve this,a scoping review was carried out to describe the most significant gaps impeding the improvement of care for healthy ageing.Design A scoping review of the literature was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.The selected articles were analysed to identify topics or areas essential for improving care for healthy ageing but requiring further support from research.Eligibility criteria Every type of scientific article,except for randomised controlled trials,was considered of potential interest without restrictions on publication date,type of publication and methodology.Information sources A systematic search(last search:6 December 2023)was conducted using PubMed,MEDLINE and Scopus.Results Overall,1558 articles were retrieved from the literature.Of these,310 were finally retained for this work.A total of 1195 research gaps were identified(average:3.85 per article)and clustered into the 13 primary areas:ageing,care approach,caregivers,health economics,health,interventions,policies,research,settings,training,technology,specific populations and understanding the older person.In particular,research for improving the person-centred approach(n=38),better considering cultural diversities(n=27),implementing integrated care(n=25)and ensuring access to care(n=25)were the most prevalent priorities reported in the literature.Conclusions A wide range of factors spanning multiple disciplines,from clinical to policy levels,require special consideration,exploration and resolution.The findings of this scoping review represent an essential step in identifying gaps for developing a research prioritisation agenda to improve care for healthy ageing.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42276103)。
文摘Feeding behavior is regulated by a complex network of endogenous neuropeptides.In chordates,this role is suggested to be under the control of diverse factors including thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH).However,whether this regulatory activity of TRH is functionally conserved in non-chordate metazoans,and to what extent this process is underpinned by interactions of TRH with other neuropeptides such as cholecystokinin(CCK,known as a satiety signal),remain unclear.This study investigated the TRH signaling system in the echinoderm Apostichopus japonicus.Bioinformatic analyses and ligand-binding assays identified a functional TRH receptor(AjTRHR)that activated signaling via the MAPK/ERK1/2pathways.Experimental administration of TRH significantly reduced feeding activity,while up-regulating CCK expression.RNA interference(RNAi)experiments confirmed that both CCK and TRH are essential components of satiety signaling,working synergistically to mediate feeding inhibition.Evolutionary analysis of TRHtype peptides revealed greater conservation of the short isoform of TRH compared to the long isoform,probably driven by strong selection acting on the functional redundancy.These findings provide compelling evidence of a TRH-mediated signaling system in non-chordate deuterostomes,expandingourunderstandingof neuropeptide-regulated feeding mechanisms in marine invertebrates.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41676124)。
文摘Abstract The unfolded protein response(UPR)is an important protective and compensatory strategy used during endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by factors including glucose starvation,low pH,or heat shock.However,there is very little information on the possible role(s)of the UPR under adverse conditions experienced by marine invertebrates.We observed that rough endoplasmic reticulum(ER)was dramatically expanded and numerous autophagosomes were accumulated in the intestinal cells of sea cucumbers,Apostichopus japonicus,under heat stress(4 h at 25°C compared with 15°C controls).Moreover,heat stress led to sharp increases in the relative transcript and protein expression levels of two primary ER chaperones:the endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 29-like(ERP29)and protein disulfi de-isomerase A6-like(PDIA6).These results suggest a potential adaptive mechanism to deal with heat-induced stress in sea cucumber intestine.
文摘Objective Several research gaps affect the improvement of care for healthy ageing.Their identification is crucial to developing a specific research prioritisation agenda supporting progress at the micro(clinical),meso(service delivery)and macro(system)levels.To achieve this,a scoping review was carried out to describe the most significant gaps impeding the improvement of care for healthy ageing.Design A scoping review of the literature was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.The selected articles were analysed to identify topics or areas essential for improving care for healthy ageing but requiring further support from research.Eligibility criteria Every type of scientific article,except for randomised controlled trials,was considered of potential interest without restrictions on publication date,type of publication and methodology.Information sources A systematic search(last search:6 December 2023)was conducted using PubMed,MEDLINE and Scopus.Results Overall,1558 articles were retrieved from the literature.Of these,310 were finally retained for this work.A total of 1195 research gaps were identified(average:3.85 per article)and clustered into the 13 primary areas:ageing,care approach,caregivers,health economics,health,interventions,policies,research,settings,training,technology,specific populations and understanding the older person.In particular,research for improving the person-centred approach(n=38),better considering cultural diversities(n=27),implementing integrated care(n=25)and ensuring access to care(n=25)were the most prevalent priorities reported in the literature.Conclusions A wide range of factors spanning multiple disciplines,from clinical to policy levels,require special consideration,exploration and resolution.The findings of this scoping review represent an essential step in identifying gaps for developing a research prioritisation agenda to improve care for healthy ageing.
