BACKGROUND The appendix vermiformis is a part of the gastrointestinal tract,situated in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.Acute appendicitis,acute inflammation of the appendix vermiformis,is the most common caus...BACKGROUND The appendix vermiformis is a part of the gastrointestinal tract,situated in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.Acute appendicitis,acute inflammation of the appendix vermiformis,is the most common cause of acute abdomen requiring surgical intervention.Although computed tomography(CT)offers high diagnostic efficacy in assessing the appendix across various anatomical positions,it also involves radiation exposure.Reducing exposure factors and narrowing the field of view(FOV)are ways to decrease the radiation dose to the patient.To narrow the FOV,appendix locations within the population must be defined using metric markers.AIM To determine the location of the appendix vermiformis on CT using the vertebrae and the right iliac bone as anatomical landmarks.METHODS This retrospective study examined 470 patients presenting with abdominal pain who underwent abdominal CT scans between January 01,2015 and January 01,2018.Forty-three patients were excluded due to various reasons.The most superior and inferior points and the origin of the appendix were measured separately in relation to the vertebrae and right iliac bone for localization.The population was divided into normal and acute appendicitis groups,and the relationship between appendix location and anthropometric parameters relationship was examined.P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS The final analysis included 427 adult patients(206 females and 221 males)with a mean age of 42.1±19.5 years.An ascending appendix course was the most common(90.4%).The appendix ranged from the L2 vertebral body level to the coccygeal vertebral level relative to the vertebrae.The appendix ranged between(−)140.5 mm and(+)87.4 mm relative to the right iliac bone.A negative correlation was found between patient age,height,body mass index,and the highest and lowest points of the appendix in regard to the vertebrae.CONCLUSION The study’s findings unveiled the locations of the appendix in the population in relation to the bony anatomical landmarks.These data can be used as the basis for future research aimed at reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation.展开更多
Urinary tract stone disease is seen at a level of 1%-2% in childhood(< 18 years).In recent years,however,there has been a marked increased in pediatric stone disease,particularly in adolescence.A carbohydrateand sa...Urinary tract stone disease is seen at a level of 1%-2% in childhood(< 18 years).In recent years,however,there has been a marked increased in pediatric stone disease,particularly in adolescence.A carbohydrateand salt-heavy diet and a more sedentary lifestyle are implicated in this increase.Although stone disease is rare in childhood,its presence is frequently associated with metabolic or anatomical disorders or infectious conditions,for which reason there is a high possibility of post-therapeutic recurrence.Factors such as a high possibility of recurrence and increasing incidence further enhance the importance of minimally invasive therapeutic options in children,with their expectations of a long life.In children in whom active stone removal is decided on,the way to achieve the highest level of success with the least morbidity is to select the most appropriate treatment modality.Thanks to today's advanced technology,renal stones that were once treated only by surgery can now be treated with minimally in-vasive techniques,from invasion of the urinary system in an antegrade(percutaneous nephrolithotomy) or retrograde(retrograde intrarenal surgery) manner or shock wave lithotripsy to laparoscopic stone surgery.This compilation study examined studies involving the RIRS procedure,the latest minimally invasive technique,in children and compared the results of those studies with those from other techniques.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The appendix vermiformis is a part of the gastrointestinal tract,situated in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen.Acute appendicitis,acute inflammation of the appendix vermiformis,is the most common cause of acute abdomen requiring surgical intervention.Although computed tomography(CT)offers high diagnostic efficacy in assessing the appendix across various anatomical positions,it also involves radiation exposure.Reducing exposure factors and narrowing the field of view(FOV)are ways to decrease the radiation dose to the patient.To narrow the FOV,appendix locations within the population must be defined using metric markers.AIM To determine the location of the appendix vermiformis on CT using the vertebrae and the right iliac bone as anatomical landmarks.METHODS This retrospective study examined 470 patients presenting with abdominal pain who underwent abdominal CT scans between January 01,2015 and January 01,2018.Forty-three patients were excluded due to various reasons.The most superior and inferior points and the origin of the appendix were measured separately in relation to the vertebrae and right iliac bone for localization.The population was divided into normal and acute appendicitis groups,and the relationship between appendix location and anthropometric parameters relationship was examined.P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS The final analysis included 427 adult patients(206 females and 221 males)with a mean age of 42.1±19.5 years.An ascending appendix course was the most common(90.4%).The appendix ranged from the L2 vertebral body level to the coccygeal vertebral level relative to the vertebrae.The appendix ranged between(−)140.5 mm and(+)87.4 mm relative to the right iliac bone.A negative correlation was found between patient age,height,body mass index,and the highest and lowest points of the appendix in regard to the vertebrae.CONCLUSION The study’s findings unveiled the locations of the appendix in the population in relation to the bony anatomical landmarks.These data can be used as the basis for future research aimed at reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation.
文摘Urinary tract stone disease is seen at a level of 1%-2% in childhood(< 18 years).In recent years,however,there has been a marked increased in pediatric stone disease,particularly in adolescence.A carbohydrateand salt-heavy diet and a more sedentary lifestyle are implicated in this increase.Although stone disease is rare in childhood,its presence is frequently associated with metabolic or anatomical disorders or infectious conditions,for which reason there is a high possibility of post-therapeutic recurrence.Factors such as a high possibility of recurrence and increasing incidence further enhance the importance of minimally invasive therapeutic options in children,with their expectations of a long life.In children in whom active stone removal is decided on,the way to achieve the highest level of success with the least morbidity is to select the most appropriate treatment modality.Thanks to today's advanced technology,renal stones that were once treated only by surgery can now be treated with minimally in-vasive techniques,from invasion of the urinary system in an antegrade(percutaneous nephrolithotomy) or retrograde(retrograde intrarenal surgery) manner or shock wave lithotripsy to laparoscopic stone surgery.This compilation study examined studies involving the RIRS procedure,the latest minimally invasive technique,in children and compared the results of those studies with those from other techniques.
