Wheat is a crucial crop for global food security,and effective in vitro plant regeneration techniques are considered a precondition for genetic engineering in wheat breeding programs.A practical approach for in vitro ...Wheat is a crucial crop for global food security,and effective in vitro plant regeneration techniques are considered a precondition for genetic engineering in wheat breeding programs.A practical approach for in vitro regeneration of the Kirik bread wheat cultivar via somatic embryogenesis was investigated using endospermsupported mature embryos.Callus cultures were initiated from mature embryos supported by endosperm,cultured on phytagel-based Murashige and Skoog(MS)basal mediumcontaining dicamba(12mg/L)and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)(0.5 mg/L)under dark conditions.This research was designed to examine the impact of putrescine(Put)(0.0 and 1.0 mM)on inducing embryonic callus and the effects of thidiazuron(TDZ)(0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.5 mg/L)on wheat regeneration.Adding 1.0mM putrescine to MS mediumsignificantly increased(p<0.01)embryogenic callus formation,resulting in a complete(100%)induction rate.Moreover,the highest number of regenerated plants per explant(5.8)was obtained through the synergistic interaction between 1.0 mM putrescine and 0.5 mg/L TDZ.To assess the genetic homogeneity of regenerated plants,10 different inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)primers were utilized,revealing a high level of genetic stability.The results of all the applications of a particular plant tissue culture technique showed a level of somaclonal variation within acceptable limits,indicating that the genetic diversity of the plant populations was protectedwithout compromising the desired traits.These improvements offer a promising tool forwheat biotechnology,especially for genetic transformation.展开更多
Plants are continuously exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses that threaten their growth,reproduction,and survival.Adaptation to these stresses requires complex regulatory networks that coordinate physiological,molec...Plants are continuously exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses that threaten their growth,reproduction,and survival.Adaptation to these stresses requires complex regulatory networks that coordinate physiological,molecular,and ecological responses.However,such adaptation often incurs significant costs,including reduced growth,yield penalties,and altered ecological interactions.This review systematically synthesizes recent advances published between 2018 and 2025,following PRISMA criteria,on plant responses to abiotic and biotic stressors,with an emphasis on the trade-offs between adaptation and productivity.It also highlights major discrepancies in the literature and discusses strategies for enhancing plant stress tolerance in agriculture.By integrating findings from genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,the review categorizes both mechanistic insights and ecological consequences.The findings underscore the need for multi-stress,systems-level,field-based research that connects molecular processes to ecological and agricultural outcomes.Accordingly,critical gaps are identified—particularly the scarcity of multi-stress and field-based studies—and future directions that integrate omics approaches,systems biology,and eco-physiological frameworks are proposed.Understanding the costs of adaptation is essential not only for breeding resilient,high-yielding crops but also for ensuring their successful incorporation into sustainable agricultural practices under changing climate conditions.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to make a review and or definition of AM （additive manufacturing）, and an evaluation of its use in furniture production within a few projects to provide industry-specific awareness. AM c...The purpose of this study is to make a review and or definition of AM （additive manufacturing）, and an evaluation of its use in furniture production within a few projects to provide industry-specific awareness. AM can be considered as one of the latest innovative processes, as a state-of-the-art development, in manufacturing industries. AM is expressed as the future of the products and localization of the manufacturing processes in some studies. Innovation is a key factor both for firms and consumer products or service output. And, in today＇s competitive environment, it compels all the partners for R ＆ D activities to provide technological development. But, all the partners come to a parting of the ways of disruptive or sustainable innovation. It can be said that furniture manufacturing by AM method is relatively new. Non-industrial use of the AM in furniture production can be stated as one of the latest innovative development. Thereby, this study reviews how AM is used to produce furniture within applied projects, which materials and methods are used for production and suggests its future impact.展开更多
Backround: The English literature contains very few reports on disc herniation at upper thoracic levels. This report presents a patient with T1-2 disc herniation who underwent successful surgery. Case Presentation: A ...Backround: The English literature contains very few reports on disc herniation at upper thoracic levels. This report presents a patient with T1-2 disc herniation who underwent successful surgery. Case Presentation: A 47-year-old female presented that the right T1 root was compressed by foraminal disc herniation at the T1-2 level. Conclusion: The anterior approach is an easy and appropriate method to treat central and foraminal disc herniation of the thoracic spine.展开更多
A 51-year-old man presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage with mild hydrocephaly. Digital substraction angiography and 3-D Computerised Angiogram (CT) revealed a saccular aneurysm at bifurcation of azygos anterior cer...A 51-year-old man presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage with mild hydrocephaly. Digital substraction angiography and 3-D Computerised Angiogram (CT) revealed a saccular aneurysm at bifurcation of azygos anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and other vascular variations such as vertebral artery fenestration and hypoplasia in one anterior cerebral artery. We performed aneurysmal neck clipping with good outcome and postoperative 3-D CT angiogram showed complet obliteration of aneurysm. Although azygos arteries are rare in healthy population, aneurysms of azygos ASA are not rare due to increased haemodynamic stress. We wanted to point out to better visualisation of anatomical variations at 3-D CT angiogram comparing DSA in patients with intracranial aneurysm.展开更多
文摘Wheat is a crucial crop for global food security,and effective in vitro plant regeneration techniques are considered a precondition for genetic engineering in wheat breeding programs.A practical approach for in vitro regeneration of the Kirik bread wheat cultivar via somatic embryogenesis was investigated using endospermsupported mature embryos.Callus cultures were initiated from mature embryos supported by endosperm,cultured on phytagel-based Murashige and Skoog(MS)basal mediumcontaining dicamba(12mg/L)and indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)(0.5 mg/L)under dark conditions.This research was designed to examine the impact of putrescine(Put)(0.0 and 1.0 mM)on inducing embryonic callus and the effects of thidiazuron(TDZ)(0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.5 mg/L)on wheat regeneration.Adding 1.0mM putrescine to MS mediumsignificantly increased(p<0.01)embryogenic callus formation,resulting in a complete(100%)induction rate.Moreover,the highest number of regenerated plants per explant(5.8)was obtained through the synergistic interaction between 1.0 mM putrescine and 0.5 mg/L TDZ.To assess the genetic homogeneity of regenerated plants,10 different inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)primers were utilized,revealing a high level of genetic stability.The results of all the applications of a particular plant tissue culture technique showed a level of somaclonal variation within acceptable limits,indicating that the genetic diversity of the plant populations was protectedwithout compromising the desired traits.These improvements offer a promising tool forwheat biotechnology,especially for genetic transformation.
文摘Plants are continuously exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses that threaten their growth,reproduction,and survival.Adaptation to these stresses requires complex regulatory networks that coordinate physiological,molecular,and ecological responses.However,such adaptation often incurs significant costs,including reduced growth,yield penalties,and altered ecological interactions.This review systematically synthesizes recent advances published between 2018 and 2025,following PRISMA criteria,on plant responses to abiotic and biotic stressors,with an emphasis on the trade-offs between adaptation and productivity.It also highlights major discrepancies in the literature and discusses strategies for enhancing plant stress tolerance in agriculture.By integrating findings from genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,the review categorizes both mechanistic insights and ecological consequences.The findings underscore the need for multi-stress,systems-level,field-based research that connects molecular processes to ecological and agricultural outcomes.Accordingly,critical gaps are identified—particularly the scarcity of multi-stress and field-based studies—and future directions that integrate omics approaches,systems biology,and eco-physiological frameworks are proposed.Understanding the costs of adaptation is essential not only for breeding resilient,high-yielding crops but also for ensuring their successful incorporation into sustainable agricultural practices under changing climate conditions.
文摘The purpose of this study is to make a review and or definition of AM （additive manufacturing）, and an evaluation of its use in furniture production within a few projects to provide industry-specific awareness. AM can be considered as one of the latest innovative processes, as a state-of-the-art development, in manufacturing industries. AM is expressed as the future of the products and localization of the manufacturing processes in some studies. Innovation is a key factor both for firms and consumer products or service output. And, in today＇s competitive environment, it compels all the partners for R ＆ D activities to provide technological development. But, all the partners come to a parting of the ways of disruptive or sustainable innovation. It can be said that furniture manufacturing by AM method is relatively new. Non-industrial use of the AM in furniture production can be stated as one of the latest innovative development. Thereby, this study reviews how AM is used to produce furniture within applied projects, which materials and methods are used for production and suggests its future impact.
文摘Backround: The English literature contains very few reports on disc herniation at upper thoracic levels. This report presents a patient with T1-2 disc herniation who underwent successful surgery. Case Presentation: A 47-year-old female presented that the right T1 root was compressed by foraminal disc herniation at the T1-2 level. Conclusion: The anterior approach is an easy and appropriate method to treat central and foraminal disc herniation of the thoracic spine.
文摘A 51-year-old man presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage with mild hydrocephaly. Digital substraction angiography and 3-D Computerised Angiogram (CT) revealed a saccular aneurysm at bifurcation of azygos anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and other vascular variations such as vertebral artery fenestration and hypoplasia in one anterior cerebral artery. We performed aneurysmal neck clipping with good outcome and postoperative 3-D CT angiogram showed complet obliteration of aneurysm. Although azygos arteries are rare in healthy population, aneurysms of azygos ASA are not rare due to increased haemodynamic stress. We wanted to point out to better visualisation of anatomical variations at 3-D CT angiogram comparing DSA in patients with intracranial aneurysm.
