Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELI...Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELISA and its comparison with viral RNA detection via real time PCR and Ig M antibodies detection by ELISA. Results: A total of 1 270 serum samples were tested 86%(1 097/1 270) were detected positive by one or more than one diagnostic test. Out of 1 270, 64%(807/1 270) were positive by NS1 ELISA and 52%(662/1 270), 51%(646/1 270) were positive by real-time RT-PCR and Ig M ELISA respectively.Conclusions: NS1 antigen detection ELISA is highly suitable diagnostic tools and it also has great value for use in outbreak and epidemic situation.展开更多
The early detection of skin cancer,particularly melanoma,presents a substantial risk to human health.This study aims to examine the necessity of implementing efficient early detection systems through the utilization o...The early detection of skin cancer,particularly melanoma,presents a substantial risk to human health.This study aims to examine the necessity of implementing efficient early detection systems through the utilization of deep learning techniques.Nevertheless,the existing methods exhibit certain constraints in terms of accessibility,diagnostic precision,data availability,and scalability.To address these obstacles,we put out a lightweight model known as Smart MobiNet,which is derived from MobileNet and incorporates additional distinctive attributes.The model utilizes a multi-scale feature extraction methodology by using various convolutional layers.The ISIC 2019 dataset,sourced from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration,is employed in this study.Traditional data augmentation approaches are implemented to address the issue of model overfitting.In this study,we conduct experiments to evaluate and compare the performance of three different models,namely CNN,MobileNet,and Smart MobiNet,in the task of skin cancer detection.The findings of our study indicate that the proposed model outperforms other architectures,achieving an accuracy of 0.89.Furthermore,the model exhibits balanced precision,sensitivity,and F1 scores,all measuring at 0.90.This model serves as a vital instrument that assists clinicians efficiently and precisely detecting skin cancer.展开更多
Objective:To High light some epidemiological,clinical and diagnostic features of dengue fever during an outbreak and the role of different diagnostic techniques to achieve the highest level of accuracy in results.Meth...Objective:To High light some epidemiological,clinical and diagnostic features of dengue fever during an outbreak and the role of different diagnostic techniques to achieve the highest level of accuracy in results.Methods:Blood samples(n=323) were collected along with epidemiological and clinical data from suspected dengue patients who visited different hospitals in Swat and Mansehra district of Pakistan between May-November 2013 during a dengue outbreak.Samples were tested for the detection of viral nucleic acid by real-lime PCR.non structural protein-1(NS1antigen and IgM antibodies by ELISA.Results:Out of 323 cases with clinical dengue infection,304 were positive by one or more diagnostic parameter:201 samples were positive by real-time PCR,209 were positive by NS1 ELISA and 190 were positive by IgM antibodies.Sensitivities of real-time PCR and NS1 F.LISA were comparable for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection.IgM antibody detection assay was found useful for the diagnosis in the samples collected later than day 5 of onset.Conclusions:The use of real-lime PCR or detection of non stnictural protein NS 1 by ELISA followed by IgM antibodies detection can be recommended for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection with a high level of accuracy.展开更多
We analyze three commonly used energy functions in solving Plateau-Mesh Prob- lem, that is, Dirichlet, area, and the discrete mean curvature（DMC）. They all possess unique advantages compared to others, but their dra...We analyze three commonly used energy functions in solving Plateau-Mesh Prob- lem, that is, Dirichlet, area, and the discrete mean curvature（DMC）. They all possess unique advantages compared to others, but their drawbacks restrict their usages individually. Our algo- rithm combines the three steps together to make full use of their features. At first the Dirichlet energy is optimized for faster approximation with better topology. Then the area energy is used to come close to the constrained domain. Finally the DMC energy is engaged to achieve a better converging step. Results show that our method can work under a rather noisy initial mesh, which is even topologically different from the final result.展开更多
Mechanical shear resistance of wheat grain is a significant concern for the designers and researchers related to the design of threshing,handling and processing machinery of the field crops.The grain mechanical proper...Mechanical shear resistance of wheat grain is a significant concern for the designers and researchers related to the design of threshing,handling and processing machinery of the field crops.The grain mechanical properties directly affect the machine geometry and its operational parameters.The present study was carried out to determine the shear resistance of five wheat varieties(Locally names;TD-02,Sindhu-1105,Benazir,China and SKD-118)influenced by moisture content(16.7%,18.7%and 19.5%)and loading rate(3 mm/s,6 mm/s and 9 mm/s).However,some physio-dimensional properties(length,width,thickness,slenderness ratio,surface area and sphericity)were obtained at different moisture contents.The results showed that the shear resistance reduced by increasing the moisture content and loading rate.The average shear resistance decreased from 10.45 N to 3.74 N for 3-9 mm/s loading rate at moisture content of 16.7%to 19.5%.Thus,the maximum correlation(r=0.905)of shear resistance obtained at 16.7%,whereas minimum correlation(r=0.692)obtained at 19.5%.The shear resistance of wheat grain was highly significant(p<0.05)at 9 mm/s for 19.5%.Shear resistance decreased with an increase in the moisture content in the grain whereas deformation is increasing with the increase of moisture content.However,the maximum bulk density of wheat grain obtained at 19.5%for SKD-118,while the minimum obtained at 16.7%for TD-02.It is recommended that the design and modification of wheat grain processing equipment should be executed on the physio-mechanical properties of grain varieties.展开更多
Background:Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever,a vector borne infection which causes selflimiting to life threatening disease in humans.A sero-epidemiological study was conducted to understand the curr...Background:Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever,a vector borne infection which causes selflimiting to life threatening disease in humans.A sero-epidemiological study was conducted to understand the current epidemiology of dengue virus in Pakistan which is now known as a dengue endemic country after its first reported outbreak in 1994.Methods:To investigate the prevalence of dengue virus in Pakistan during 2009-2014,a total of 9,493 blood samples were screened for the detection of anti-dengue IgM antibodies using ELISA.Clinical and demographic features available with hospital records were reviewed to ascertain mortalities related to dengue hemorrhagic shock syndrome.Results:Out of 9,493 samples tested,37%(3,504)were found positive for anti-dengue IgM antibodies.Of the seropositive cases,73.6%(2,578/3,504)were male and 26.4%(926/3,504)were female.The highest number(382/929;41.1%)of sero-positive cases was observed among the individuals of age group 31-40 years.The highest number of symptomatic cases was reported in October(46%;4,400/9,493),and the highest number of sero-positive cases among symptomatic cases was observed in November(45.7%;806/1,764).Mean annual patient incidence(MAPI)during 2009-2014 in Pakistan remained 0.30 with the highest annual patient incidence(11.03)found in Islamabad.According to the available medical case record,472 dengue related deaths were reported during 2009-2014.Conclusion:The data from earlier reports in Pakistan described the dengue virus incidence from limited areas of the country.Our findings are important considering the testing of clinical samples at a larger scale covering patients of vast geographical regions and warrants timely implementation of dengue vector surveillance and control programs.Trial registration number:It is an epidemiological research study,so trial registration is not required.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELISA and its comparison with viral RNA detection via real time PCR and Ig M antibodies detection by ELISA. Results: A total of 1 270 serum samples were tested 86%(1 097/1 270) were detected positive by one or more than one diagnostic test. Out of 1 270, 64%(807/1 270) were positive by NS1 ELISA and 52%(662/1 270), 51%(646/1 270) were positive by real-time RT-PCR and Ig M ELISA respectively.Conclusions: NS1 antigen detection ELISA is highly suitable diagnostic tools and it also has great value for use in outbreak and epidemic situation.
文摘The early detection of skin cancer,particularly melanoma,presents a substantial risk to human health.This study aims to examine the necessity of implementing efficient early detection systems through the utilization of deep learning techniques.Nevertheless,the existing methods exhibit certain constraints in terms of accessibility,diagnostic precision,data availability,and scalability.To address these obstacles,we put out a lightweight model known as Smart MobiNet,which is derived from MobileNet and incorporates additional distinctive attributes.The model utilizes a multi-scale feature extraction methodology by using various convolutional layers.The ISIC 2019 dataset,sourced from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration,is employed in this study.Traditional data augmentation approaches are implemented to address the issue of model overfitting.In this study,we conduct experiments to evaluate and compare the performance of three different models,namely CNN,MobileNet,and Smart MobiNet,in the task of skin cancer detection.The findings of our study indicate that the proposed model outperforms other architectures,achieving an accuracy of 0.89.Furthermore,the model exhibits balanced precision,sensitivity,and F1 scores,all measuring at 0.90.This model serves as a vital instrument that assists clinicians efficiently and precisely detecting skin cancer.
文摘Objective:To High light some epidemiological,clinical and diagnostic features of dengue fever during an outbreak and the role of different diagnostic techniques to achieve the highest level of accuracy in results.Methods:Blood samples(n=323) were collected along with epidemiological and clinical data from suspected dengue patients who visited different hospitals in Swat and Mansehra district of Pakistan between May-November 2013 during a dengue outbreak.Samples were tested for the detection of viral nucleic acid by real-lime PCR.non structural protein-1(NS1antigen and IgM antibodies by ELISA.Results:Out of 323 cases with clinical dengue infection,304 were positive by one or more diagnostic parameter:201 samples were positive by real-time PCR,209 were positive by NS1 ELISA and 190 were positive by IgM antibodies.Sensitivities of real-time PCR and NS1 F.LISA were comparable for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection.IgM antibody detection assay was found useful for the diagnosis in the samples collected later than day 5 of onset.Conclusions:The use of real-lime PCR or detection of non stnictural protein NS 1 by ELISA followed by IgM antibodies detection can be recommended for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection with a high level of accuracy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11371320)Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation(LZ14A010002)+1 种基金Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province(2013C31084)Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department(Y201431077 and Y201329420)
文摘We analyze three commonly used energy functions in solving Plateau-Mesh Prob- lem, that is, Dirichlet, area, and the discrete mean curvature（DMC）. They all possess unique advantages compared to others, but their drawbacks restrict their usages individually. Our algo- rithm combines the three steps together to make full use of their features. At first the Dirichlet energy is optimized for faster approximation with better topology. Then the area energy is used to come close to the constrained domain. Finally the DMC energy is engaged to achieve a better converging step. Results show that our method can work under a rather noisy initial mesh, which is even topologically different from the final result.
基金This work is financially supported by the National Key Research of Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFD0702004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51605196)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.BE2016356)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20160532)the National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China(Grant No.2016M591788)Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.17KJB416003).
文摘Mechanical shear resistance of wheat grain is a significant concern for the designers and researchers related to the design of threshing,handling and processing machinery of the field crops.The grain mechanical properties directly affect the machine geometry and its operational parameters.The present study was carried out to determine the shear resistance of five wheat varieties(Locally names;TD-02,Sindhu-1105,Benazir,China and SKD-118)influenced by moisture content(16.7%,18.7%and 19.5%)and loading rate(3 mm/s,6 mm/s and 9 mm/s).However,some physio-dimensional properties(length,width,thickness,slenderness ratio,surface area and sphericity)were obtained at different moisture contents.The results showed that the shear resistance reduced by increasing the moisture content and loading rate.The average shear resistance decreased from 10.45 N to 3.74 N for 3-9 mm/s loading rate at moisture content of 16.7%to 19.5%.Thus,the maximum correlation(r=0.905)of shear resistance obtained at 16.7%,whereas minimum correlation(r=0.692)obtained at 19.5%.The shear resistance of wheat grain was highly significant(p<0.05)at 9 mm/s for 19.5%.Shear resistance decreased with an increase in the moisture content in the grain whereas deformation is increasing with the increase of moisture content.However,the maximum bulk density of wheat grain obtained at 19.5%for SKD-118,while the minimum obtained at 16.7%for TD-02.It is recommended that the design and modification of wheat grain processing equipment should be executed on the physio-mechanical properties of grain varieties.
文摘Background:Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever,a vector borne infection which causes selflimiting to life threatening disease in humans.A sero-epidemiological study was conducted to understand the current epidemiology of dengue virus in Pakistan which is now known as a dengue endemic country after its first reported outbreak in 1994.Methods:To investigate the prevalence of dengue virus in Pakistan during 2009-2014,a total of 9,493 blood samples were screened for the detection of anti-dengue IgM antibodies using ELISA.Clinical and demographic features available with hospital records were reviewed to ascertain mortalities related to dengue hemorrhagic shock syndrome.Results:Out of 9,493 samples tested,37%(3,504)were found positive for anti-dengue IgM antibodies.Of the seropositive cases,73.6%(2,578/3,504)were male and 26.4%(926/3,504)were female.The highest number(382/929;41.1%)of sero-positive cases was observed among the individuals of age group 31-40 years.The highest number of symptomatic cases was reported in October(46%;4,400/9,493),and the highest number of sero-positive cases among symptomatic cases was observed in November(45.7%;806/1,764).Mean annual patient incidence(MAPI)during 2009-2014 in Pakistan remained 0.30 with the highest annual patient incidence(11.03)found in Islamabad.According to the available medical case record,472 dengue related deaths were reported during 2009-2014.Conclusion:The data from earlier reports in Pakistan described the dengue virus incidence from limited areas of the country.Our findings are important considering the testing of clinical samples at a larger scale covering patients of vast geographical regions and warrants timely implementation of dengue vector surveillance and control programs.Trial registration number:It is an epidemiological research study,so trial registration is not required.
