Present study aims to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude methanolic extract and different fractions of the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span>...Present study aims to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude methanolic extract and different fractions of the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb). The extract and fractions were used against pathogenic bacteria (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Bacillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">subtilis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Bacillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">atrophaeus,</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">pneumonia</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aeruginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and fungal strains (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">niger</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">flavus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). The methanolic extract and their sub fraction n-hexane showed a prominent inhibition zone against all bacterial strains but inactive against fungal strains. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The various extracts of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb) from various parts were tested for their antioxidant activity by</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The IC</span><b><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">50</span></sub></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the stem and root of methanolic extract and their sub fraction n-hexane showed best activity ranged between 22.73 ± 6.92, 21.49 ± 6.26 and 14.94 ± 3.54, 13.92 ± 1.04 μg/ml compared to another fraction. The results support that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">can be used as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. The results support the present study that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb) has a potential source of natural antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant potentials.</span></span>展开更多
Genetic diversity in 30 genotypes of Pumpkins <span style="font-family:Verdana;">was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> collected from unexplored mountainous areas of Khybe...Genetic diversity in 30 genotypes of Pumpkins <span style="font-family:Verdana;">was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> collected from unexplored mountainous areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan was investigated through biochemical characterization. For biochemical characterization, Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis was carried out. The seed proteins were resolved on 7.5% and 15% polyacrylamide gel. A total of 35% genetic disagreement was observed in the collected lines with linkage distances ranging from 0.00</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> - </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.83 (percent disagreement). Similarly, cluster analysis sorted total germplasm on the basis of 12 bands (total bands) into eight clusters. Present study revealed a considerable amount of genetic diversity explored in pumpkin germplasm, Cluster analysis exhibited moderate level of genetic diversity;to broaden the gene pool. Further collection of the important germplasm is needed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to be </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">used in the development of improved cultivars with respect to quality and quantity.</span>展开更多
Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water treatment.Because of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface c...Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water treatment.Because of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface chemistry,distinct crystalline nature,high stability,and tunable band edges,MO nanostructured materials are highly selective towards deleting organic contaminants and heavy metal ions via adsorption and semiconductor photocatalysis.Metal-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received increasing interest,mainly due to the ability of the metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants.A diverse selection of MOs,with titanium dioxide(Ti O2),zinc oxide(Zn O),iron oxides(IO),and tungsten(W),as well as graphene-MOs nanocomposites with variable structure,crystalline,and morphological properties,offers a powerful platform for the growth of effective catalysts.Methods:The current work discusses novel advancements and potential for the removal of adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds(phenolic,pesticide molecules,dyes,and so on)as well as heavy metal ions using semiconductor materials.A photocatalyst based on a MO-scheme heterostructure can manage the appropriate conduction band(CB)and valence band(VB)locations,securing considerable redox aptitude.This review should be of interest to the broad readership dealing with applied and fundamental aspects of water treatments and material sciences.Various strategies including surface modification,plasmonic enhancement,and metal cocatalysts have been introduced to enhance photocatalytic performance.Significant findings:The current article discussed the significantly utilized synthesis strategies and mechanism of heterojunction photocatalysts using a Z-scheme.Furthermore,adsorption sections guarantee that mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,and lead-based ions are successfully removed from polluted water via the adsorption route.Numerous characteristics,such as concentration,coexisting ions,p H,and kind of chemical have converged to comprehend the adsorption procedure.The technological challenges and future approaches are discussed to maximize the photocatalytic and adsorption efficacy and the reusability of MO-based nanomaterials for water security.展开更多
Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are gaining attention as an ideal option for various applications requiring high-capacity batteries,such as portable electronics,electric vehicles,and renewable energy storage.ZABs offer advant...Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are gaining attention as an ideal option for various applications requiring high-capacity batteries,such as portable electronics,electric vehicles,and renewable energy storage.ZABs offer advantages such as low environmental impact,enhanced safety compared to Li-ion batteries,and cost-effectiveness due to the abundance of zinc.However,early research faced challenges due to parasitic reactions at the zinc anode and slow oxygen redox kinetics.Recent advancements in restructuring the anode,utilizing alternative electrolytes,and developing bifunctional oxygen catalysts have significantly improved ZABs.Scientists have achieved battery reversibility over thousands of cycles,introduced new electrolytes,and achieved energy efficiency records surpassing 70%.Despite these achievements,there are challenges related to lower power density,shorter lifespan,and air electrode corrosion leading to performance degradation.This review paper discusses different battery configurations,and reaction mechanisms for electrically and mechanically rechargeable ZABs,and proposes remedies to enhance overall battery performance.The paper also explores recent advancements,applications,and the future prospects of electrically/mechanically rechargeable ZABs.展开更多
This research investigates the hydrothermal synthesis and annealing duration effects on nickel sulfide(NiS_(2) quantum dots(QDs)for catalytic decolorization of methylene blue(MB)dye and antimicrobial efficacy.QD size ...This research investigates the hydrothermal synthesis and annealing duration effects on nickel sulfide(NiS_(2) quantum dots(QDs)for catalytic decolorization of methylene blue(MB)dye and antimicrobial efficacy.QD size increased with longer annealing,reducing catalytic activity.UV–vis,XRD,TEM,and FTIR analyses probed optical structural,morphological,and vibrational features.XRD confirmed NiS2's anorthic structure,with crystallite size growing from 6.53 to 7.81 nm during extended annealing.UV–Vis exhibited a bathochromic shift,reflecting reduced band gap energy(Eg)in NiS_(2).TEM revealed NiS_(2)QD formation,with agglomerated QD average size increasing from 7.13 to 9.65 nm with prolonged annealing.Pure NiS_(2) showed significant MB decolorization(89.85%)in acidic conditions.Annealed NiS_(2) QDs demonstrated notable antibacterial activity,yielding a 6.15mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli(E.coli)compared to Ciprofloxacin.First-principles computation supported a robust interaction between MB and NiS_(2),evidenced by obtained adsorption energies.This study highlights the nuanced relationship between annealing duration,structural changes,and functional properties in NiS_(2)QDs,emphasizing their potential applications in catalysis and antibacterial interventions.展开更多
Purpose:This study empirically analyzes whether the rapid growth of loans and risktaking behavior during the expansion of loans affected non-performing loans(NPLs)and the solvency of financial institutions in the Turk...Purpose:This study empirically analyzes whether the rapid growth of loans and risktaking behavior during the expansion of loans affected non-performing loans(NPLs)and the solvency of financial institutions in the Turkish banking system.Design/methodology/approach:Using the GMM Generalized Method of Moments,this study used data on Turkish banks from 2011 to 2017 to test two hypotheses on the effects of loan growth on NPLs and solvency.Findings:This study finds significant results for the effect of loan growth on NPLs and solvency.NPLs rose from the previous year’s loan growth,which tended to reduce solvency.Research limitations/implications:Due to selected research methods,the results may lack generality.Therefore,future studies should test the propositions herein further.Practical implications:The results indicate that careful allocation behavior is required when lending.Additionally,these findings may be helpful to financial managers and decision makers.Originality/value:This study confirms the need to determine how to allocate loans during the loan boom periods.展开更多
Coordination compounds of modified diamine,the basic unit of which are ethylenediamine,with that of Co(Ⅱ)are prepared.The modified diamines are ethylenediaceticacid(EDDA)and N,N,N,N-tetaraethylene-1,2-diamine(TEEDA)....Coordination compounds of modified diamine,the basic unit of which are ethylenediamine,with that of Co(Ⅱ)are prepared.The modified diamines are ethylenediaceticacid(EDDA)and N,N,N,N-tetaraethylene-1,2-diamine(TEEDA).These diamines are characterized through ^(1)H-NMR,^(13)C-NMR,elemental analysis and IR techniques.Cobalt(Ⅱ)complexes of these two ligands were prepared and characterized by physical measurements including elemental analysis,IR,UVVisible,magnetic susceptibilities and conductance measurements.Antibacterial activities are also carried out in order to investigate the biological activity upon complexation.They were screened against four pathogenic bacteria like Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeroginosa,Klesbella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus.The results showed significant enhancement in activities.展开更多
文摘Present study aims to evaluate antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude methanolic extract and different fractions of the <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb). The extract and fractions were used against pathogenic bacteria (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Bacillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">subtilis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Bacillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">atrophaeus,</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Klebsiella</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">pneumonia</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aeruginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and fungal strains (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">niger</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">flavus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). The methanolic extract and their sub fraction n-hexane showed a prominent inhibition zone against all bacterial strains but inactive against fungal strains. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The various extracts of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb) from various parts were tested for their antioxidant activity by</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The IC</span><b><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:12px;">50</span></sub></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the stem and root of methanolic extract and their sub fraction n-hexane showed best activity ranged between 22.73 ± 6.92, 21.49 ± 6.26 and 14.94 ± 3.54, 13.92 ± 1.04 μg/ml compared to another fraction. The results support that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">can be used as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. The results support the present study that </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Epilobium</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">roseum</span></i> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">(Schreb) has a potential source of natural antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant potentials.</span></span>
文摘Genetic diversity in 30 genotypes of Pumpkins <span style="font-family:Verdana;">was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> collected from unexplored mountainous areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan was investigated through biochemical characterization. For biochemical characterization, Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis was carried out. The seed proteins were resolved on 7.5% and 15% polyacrylamide gel. A total of 35% genetic disagreement was observed in the collected lines with linkage distances ranging from 0.00</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> - </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.83 (percent disagreement). Similarly, cluster analysis sorted total germplasm on the basis of 12 bands (total bands) into eight clusters. Present study revealed a considerable amount of genetic diversity explored in pumpkin germplasm, Cluster analysis exhibited moderate level of genetic diversity;to broaden the gene pool. Further collection of the important germplasm is needed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to be </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">used in the development of improved cultivars with respect to quality and quantity.</span>
文摘Background:Metal oxide(MO)nanomaterials and related nanocomposites have been extensively studied for their potential use in water treatment.Because of their controlled morphologies,texture qualities,variable surface chemistry,distinct crystalline nature,high stability,and tunable band edges,MO nanostructured materials are highly selective towards deleting organic contaminants and heavy metal ions via adsorption and semiconductor photocatalysis.Metal-enhanced photocatalysis has recently received increasing interest,mainly due to the ability of the metal to directly or indirectly degrade pollutants.A diverse selection of MOs,with titanium dioxide(Ti O2),zinc oxide(Zn O),iron oxides(IO),and tungsten(W),as well as graphene-MOs nanocomposites with variable structure,crystalline,and morphological properties,offers a powerful platform for the growth of effective catalysts.Methods:The current work discusses novel advancements and potential for the removal of adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds(phenolic,pesticide molecules,dyes,and so on)as well as heavy metal ions using semiconductor materials.A photocatalyst based on a MO-scheme heterostructure can manage the appropriate conduction band(CB)and valence band(VB)locations,securing considerable redox aptitude.This review should be of interest to the broad readership dealing with applied and fundamental aspects of water treatments and material sciences.Various strategies including surface modification,plasmonic enhancement,and metal cocatalysts have been introduced to enhance photocatalytic performance.Significant findings:The current article discussed the significantly utilized synthesis strategies and mechanism of heterojunction photocatalysts using a Z-scheme.Furthermore,adsorption sections guarantee that mercury,chromium,cadmium,arsenic,and lead-based ions are successfully removed from polluted water via the adsorption route.Numerous characteristics,such as concentration,coexisting ions,p H,and kind of chemical have converged to comprehend the adsorption procedure.The technological challenges and future approaches are discussed to maximize the photocatalytic and adsorption efficacy and the reusability of MO-based nanomaterials for water security.
基金S.J.Park acknowledges the support from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2022M3J7A1062940 and 2023R1A2C1004109)K.H.acknowledges the support from the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea.(NRF-2023R1A2C2008017)+1 种基金Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2020R1A6A1A03043435)The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project(RSP2024R381),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are gaining attention as an ideal option for various applications requiring high-capacity batteries,such as portable electronics,electric vehicles,and renewable energy storage.ZABs offer advantages such as low environmental impact,enhanced safety compared to Li-ion batteries,and cost-effectiveness due to the abundance of zinc.However,early research faced challenges due to parasitic reactions at the zinc anode and slow oxygen redox kinetics.Recent advancements in restructuring the anode,utilizing alternative electrolytes,and developing bifunctional oxygen catalysts have significantly improved ZABs.Scientists have achieved battery reversibility over thousands of cycles,introduced new electrolytes,and achieved energy efficiency records surpassing 70%.Despite these achievements,there are challenges related to lower power density,shorter lifespan,and air electrode corrosion leading to performance degradation.This review paper discusses different battery configurations,and reaction mechanisms for electrically and mechanically rechargeable ZABs,and proposes remedies to enhance overall battery performance.The paper also explores recent advancements,applications,and the future prospects of electrically/mechanically rechargeable ZABs.
基金The authors thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through a large group Research Project under grant number(R.G.P.2/123/44).The author MBK would like to thank Prince Sultan University for their support.
文摘This research investigates the hydrothermal synthesis and annealing duration effects on nickel sulfide(NiS_(2) quantum dots(QDs)for catalytic decolorization of methylene blue(MB)dye and antimicrobial efficacy.QD size increased with longer annealing,reducing catalytic activity.UV–vis,XRD,TEM,and FTIR analyses probed optical structural,morphological,and vibrational features.XRD confirmed NiS2's anorthic structure,with crystallite size growing from 6.53 to 7.81 nm during extended annealing.UV–Vis exhibited a bathochromic shift,reflecting reduced band gap energy(Eg)in NiS_(2).TEM revealed NiS_(2)QD formation,with agglomerated QD average size increasing from 7.13 to 9.65 nm with prolonged annealing.Pure NiS_(2) showed significant MB decolorization(89.85%)in acidic conditions.Annealed NiS_(2) QDs demonstrated notable antibacterial activity,yielding a 6.15mm inhibition zone against Escherichia coli(E.coli)compared to Ciprofloxacin.First-principles computation supported a robust interaction between MB and NiS_(2),evidenced by obtained adsorption energies.This study highlights the nuanced relationship between annealing duration,structural changes,and functional properties in NiS_(2)QDs,emphasizing their potential applications in catalysis and antibacterial interventions.
文摘Purpose:This study empirically analyzes whether the rapid growth of loans and risktaking behavior during the expansion of loans affected non-performing loans(NPLs)and the solvency of financial institutions in the Turkish banking system.Design/methodology/approach:Using the GMM Generalized Method of Moments,this study used data on Turkish banks from 2011 to 2017 to test two hypotheses on the effects of loan growth on NPLs and solvency.Findings:This study finds significant results for the effect of loan growth on NPLs and solvency.NPLs rose from the previous year’s loan growth,which tended to reduce solvency.Research limitations/implications:Due to selected research methods,the results may lack generality.Therefore,future studies should test the propositions herein further.Practical implications:The results indicate that careful allocation behavior is required when lending.Additionally,these findings may be helpful to financial managers and decision makers.Originality/value:This study confirms the need to determine how to allocate loans during the loan boom periods.
文摘Coordination compounds of modified diamine,the basic unit of which are ethylenediamine,with that of Co(Ⅱ)are prepared.The modified diamines are ethylenediaceticacid(EDDA)and N,N,N,N-tetaraethylene-1,2-diamine(TEEDA).These diamines are characterized through ^(1)H-NMR,^(13)C-NMR,elemental analysis and IR techniques.Cobalt(Ⅱ)complexes of these two ligands were prepared and characterized by physical measurements including elemental analysis,IR,UVVisible,magnetic susceptibilities and conductance measurements.Antibacterial activities are also carried out in order to investigate the biological activity upon complexation.They were screened against four pathogenic bacteria like Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeroginosa,Klesbella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus.The results showed significant enhancement in activities.
