This study presents the development of carbonaceous adsorbents derived from teak wood waste for the removal of heavy metals,such as lead(Pb^(2+)),copper(Cu^(2+)),and cadmium(Cd^(2+))from aqueous solutions.The adsorben...This study presents the development of carbonaceous adsorbents derived from teak wood waste for the removal of heavy metals,such as lead(Pb^(2+)),copper(Cu^(2+)),and cadmium(Cd^(2+))from aqueous solutions.The adsorbents-hydrochar(TH),biochar(TB),and activated carbon(TAC)-were synthesized through thermal and chemical activation processes and further enhanced by graft copolymerization using acrylic acid.Comprehensive characterizations,including SEM,EDS,XPS,BET,and FTIR,revealed that grafting significantly increased surface functional groups(COOH and OH),thereby improving adsorption capacities.Adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model,indicating a chemisorption mechanism dominated by ion exchange and complexation.Postgrafting,maximum adsorption capacities for Pb^(2+)increased from 116 mg/g(TH)to 294 mg/g(THG),Cu^(2+)from 84 mg/g(TH)to 164 mg/g(THG),and Cd^(2+)from 106 mg/g(TH)to 170 mg/g(THG).The study concludes that grafted teak-based materials hold high potential as cost-effective and efficient adsorbents for water purification applications,contributing to sustainable waste management and environmental protection.展开更多
文摘This study presents the development of carbonaceous adsorbents derived from teak wood waste for the removal of heavy metals,such as lead(Pb^(2+)),copper(Cu^(2+)),and cadmium(Cd^(2+))from aqueous solutions.The adsorbents-hydrochar(TH),biochar(TB),and activated carbon(TAC)-were synthesized through thermal and chemical activation processes and further enhanced by graft copolymerization using acrylic acid.Comprehensive characterizations,including SEM,EDS,XPS,BET,and FTIR,revealed that grafting significantly increased surface functional groups(COOH and OH),thereby improving adsorption capacities.Adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model,indicating a chemisorption mechanism dominated by ion exchange and complexation.Postgrafting,maximum adsorption capacities for Pb^(2+)increased from 116 mg/g(TH)to 294 mg/g(THG),Cu^(2+)from 84 mg/g(TH)to 164 mg/g(THG),and Cd^(2+)from 106 mg/g(TH)to 170 mg/g(THG).The study concludes that grafted teak-based materials hold high potential as cost-effective and efficient adsorbents for water purification applications,contributing to sustainable waste management and environmental protection.
