Interleukins(ILs),a subset of cytokines,play a critical role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease(CHD)by mediating inflammation.This review article summarizes the role of ILs such as IL-1,IL-2,IL-3,IL-4,IL-5,...Interleukins(ILs),a subset of cytokines,play a critical role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease(CHD)by mediating inflammation.This review article summarizes the role of ILs such as IL-1,IL-2,IL-3,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-7,IL-8,IL-9,and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of CHD.Individuals with mild coronary artery disease(CAD)and angina who have ischemic heart disease have higher serum concentrations of IL-1b.Larger studies are needed to verify the safety and assess the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 as an anti-inflammatory treatment.IL-3 is found more often in patients receiving coronary angioplasty compared to patients with asymptomatic CAD or without CAD.Serum levels of IL-4 are reliable indicators of CAD.An independent correlation between IL-5 and the incidence of CAD was demonstrated.IL-6 helps serve as a reliable biomarker for the degree of CAD,as determined by the Gensini score,and is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis.Also,variants of IL-7/7R have been linked to the Han Chinese population's genetic susceptibility to CHD.IL-8 plays a role in the progression of CAD occurrences.By interacting with conventional risk factors for CAD,IL-9 may contribute to the development of CAD and offer an innovative approach to its prevention and management.There was a 34%increased risk of a CHD incident for every standard deviation rise in baseline IL-10 levels.展开更多
Protein content plays a crucial role in determining the eating and cooking quality of rice.However,the genetic and molecular basis underlying grain protein content remains to be elucidated.In this study,we identified ...Protein content plays a crucial role in determining the eating and cooking quality of rice.However,the genetic and molecular basis underlying grain protein content remains to be elucidated.In this study,we identified a genomic region associated with grain protein content in rice chromosome segment substitution lines containing the flowering gene Ghd7.1,which reduced grain protein content by repressing the transcription of the gene OsAAP6.Knockout of Ghd7.1 increased grain protein content and decreased the eating and cooking quality of rice.Introduction of the functional haplotype of Ghd7.1 into two elite rice cultivars reduced their protein content and increased their eating quality and grain yield with no effect on the regulation of flowering time.Ghd7.1 might be used for regulating the protein content and improving the eating quality of rice varieties.展开更多
This article summarized the role of interleukins(ILs)in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).It discovered a negative feedback mechanism wherein alternative splicing led to the upregulation of the IL 1 receptor...This article summarized the role of interleukins(ILs)in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).It discovered a negative feedback mechanism wherein alternative splicing led to the upregulation of the IL 1 receptor antagonist(IL1RN)isoforms IL1RN-201 and IL1RN-203,which play a crucial anti-inflammatory role in KRAS-mutant intrahepatic CCA(iCCA).Higher levels of IL-4 receptor were associated with a worse survival rate in patients with CCA.In addition,elevated levels of serum IL-6 have been associated with the start and progression of CCA,a common cancer generated by inflammation.IL-8 was a useful predictor of human hilar CCA.Mechanistically,signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling was used by IL-10 produced from M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages to enhance the malignant characteristics of iCCA cells.It was suggested that IL-17A and IL-22 have an impact on the development of CCA associated with hepatic fluke infection.The most significant finding was the decreased expression of the IL-23 receptor,a prognostic gene,in iCCA.IL-25 may be a useful prognostic biomarker as aberrant expression of the protein in CCA tissue was linked to tumor spread and a poor prognosis.Tumor cell migration and proliferation were both accelerated by homogenized liver tissue that expressed IL-33 significantly.The correlation between high IL-35 expression and aggressiveness in iCCA highlights it as a useful biomarker for assessing the course and prognosis of iCCA in clinical settings.This article concluded that IL-1,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-17,IL-23,IL-25,IL-33,and IL-35 play significant roles in the pathogenesis of CCA.Further research is required to find the association of other ILs such as IL-2,IL-3,IL-5,IL-7,IL-11,and more in the pathogenesis of CCA.展开更多
Cookies are considered a fundamental means of web application services for authenticating various Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP)requests andmaintains the states of clients’information over the Internet.HTTP cookie...Cookies are considered a fundamental means of web application services for authenticating various Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP)requests andmaintains the states of clients’information over the Internet.HTTP cookies are exploited to carry client patterns observed by a website.These client patterns facilitate the particular client’s future visit to the corresponding website.However,security and privacy are the primary concerns owing to the value of information over public channels and the storage of client information on the browser.Several protocols have been introduced that maintain HTTP cookies,but many of those fail to achieve the required security,or require a lot of resource overheads.In this article,we have introduced a lightweight Elliptic Curve Cryptographic(ECC)based protocol for authenticating client and server transactions to maintain the privacy and security of HTTP cookies.Our proposed protocol uses a secret key embedded within a cookie.The proposed protocol ismore efficient and lightweight than related protocols because of its reduced computation,storage,and communication costs.Moreover,the analysis presented in this paper confirms that proposed protocol resists various known attacks.展开更多
This paper concentrates on the impact of SiN passivation layer deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD） on the Schottky characteristics in GaN high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs）. Three ...This paper concentrates on the impact of SiN passivation layer deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD） on the Schottky characteristics in GaN high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs）. Three types of SiN layers with different deposition conditions were deposited on GaN HEMTs. Atomic force microscope（AFM）, capacitance-voltage（C-V）, and Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） measurement were used to analyze the surface morphology, the electrical characterization, and the chemical bonding of SiN thin films, respectively. The better surface morphology was achieved from the device with lower gate leakage current. The fixed positive charge Qf was extracted from C-V curves of Al/SiN/Si structures and quite different density of trap states（in the order of magnitude of 1011-1012 cm^（-2）） was observed.It was found that the least trap states were in accordance with the lowest gate leakage current. Furthermore, the chemical bonds and the %H in Si-H and N-H were figured from FTIR measurement, demonstrating an increase in the density of Qf with the increasing %H in N-H. It reveals that the effect of SiN passivation can be improved in GaN-based HEMTs by modulating %H in Si-H and N-H, thus achieving a better Schottky characteristics.展开更多
Cloud computing is an emerging technology that is being widely adopted throughout the world due to its ease-of-use. Organizations of all types can use it without pre-requisites such as IT infra-structure, technical sk...Cloud computing is an emerging technology that is being widely adopted throughout the world due to its ease-of-use. Organizations of all types can use it without pre-requisites such as IT infra-structure, technical skills, managerial overload, storage capacity, processing power, and data recovery or privacy setup. It can be availed by all clients as per their needs, expectations and budget. However, cloud computing introduces new kinds of security vulnerabilities that need to be ad-dressed. Traditional “Computer Forensics” deals with detection, preemption and prevention of IT triggered frauds and crimes but it lacks the ability to deal with cybercrimes pertaining to cloud computing environment. In this paper, we focus on forensics issues in cloud computing, assess limitations of forensic team and present the obstacles faced during investigation.展开更多
Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on mechanical properties of magnesium–10wt%Titanium(Mg–10Ti)alloy is investigated in current work.The Mg-(10Ti+0.18GNPs)composite was synthesized using the semi powder ...Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on mechanical properties of magnesium–10wt%Titanium(Mg–10Ti)alloy is investigated in current work.The Mg-(10Ti+0.18GNPs)composite was synthesized using the semi powder metallurgy method followed by hot extrusion.Microstructural characterization results revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement(Ti+GNPs)particles in the matrix,therefore(Ti+GNPs)particles act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent the deformation.Room temperature tensile results showed that the addition of Ti+GNPs to monolithic Mg lead to increase in 0.2%yield strength(0.2%YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),and failure strain.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to investigate the surface morphology,elemental dispersion and phase analysis,respectively.展开更多
Outstanding mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)make them ideal reinforcement for mass production of composites.In this research,the composites were fabricated by stir-casting method.GNPs were added i...Outstanding mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)make them ideal reinforcement for mass production of composites.In this research,the composites were fabricated by stir-casting method.GNPs were added in 1.5 and 3.0 wt.%into Mg–3wt.%Al–1wt.%Zn(AZ31)magnesium alloy.As cast ingots were preheated for one hour and extruded at 350℃ with extrusion ratio of 5.2:1.As extruded AZ31-GNPs composites were micro-structurally characterized with X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Vickers microhardness of synthesized materials was investigated both in parallel and perpendicular to extrusion directions.Room temperature mechanical testing revealed that with increasing GNP’s content,tensile fracture strain was remarkably increased without significant compromise in tensile strength.Furthermore,as extruded AZ31-3GNPs composites were subjected to tensile testing at temperatures ranging from 75℃ to 300℃ with initial strain rate of 2×10^(−3)s^(−1) to evaluate high temperature formability of composite.It was found that like CNTs,GNPs also have the potential to sustain tensile strength at high temperatures.展开更多
The study or pore characteristics is or great importance in reservoir evaluation,especially in deeply buried s andstone.It controls the storage mechanism and reservoir fluid properties of the permeable horizons.The fi...The study or pore characteristics is or great importance in reservoir evaluation,especially in deeply buried s andstone.It controls the storage mechanism and reservoir fluid properties of the permeable horizons.The first member of Eocene Shahejie Formation(Esl)sandstone is classified as feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose.The present research investigates the pore characteristics and reservoir features of the deeply buried sandstone reservoir of Esl member of Shahejie Formation.The techniques including thin-section petrography,mercury injection capillary pressure(MICP),scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscope images were used to demarcate the pores including primary intergranular pores and secondary intergranular,intragranular,dissolution and fracture pores.Mercury injection test and routine core analysis were led to demarcate the pore network characteristics of the studied reservoir.Pore size and pore throat size distribution are acquired from mercury injection test.Porosity values range from 0.5%to 30%,and permeability ranges 0.006-7000 mD.Pore radii of coarse-grained sandstone and fine-grained sandstone range from 0.2 to>4μm and 1 nm to 1.60μm,respectively,by MICP analysis.The mineral composition also plays an important role in protecting the pores with pressure from failure.Fractured sandstone and coarse-grained sandstone consist of large and interconnected pores that enhance the reservoir porosity and permeability,whereas fine-grained sandstone and siltstone consist of numerous pores but not well interconnected,and so they consist of high porosity with low permeability.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries are potential candidates to replace the lithium ion batteries due to their high volumetric energy density,dendrite free cycling,and low costs.In present work,we have critically rev...Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries are potential candidates to replace the lithium ion batteries due to their high volumetric energy density,dendrite free cycling,and low costs.In present work,we have critically reviewed the recent advances made in the field of cathode materials development to achieve the high reversible capacities and working potentials.In first part,carbon-based cathodes such as fluorinedoped graphene nanosheets and graphite fluoride(CF0.8)are discussed in terms of compatibilities of pos让ive electrode materials and electrolyte solutions for rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries.Whereas,the second part of this review focuses on crystal structure of vanadium oxide and its capability to accommodate the Mg^2+ions.Likewise,electrochemical performance of selected vanadium oxide based cathodes including VO2(B),FeVO4.0.9H2(X Mc)2.5+yVO9+δ,RFC/V2O5 and V2O5/Graphene composite,are discussed at different temperatures.To support the future research on magnesium ion batteries,particularly positive electrode material developments,several innovative research directions are proposed.展开更多
In this study,the effect of micron-sized titanium and aluminum addition on the microstructural,mechanical and work-hardening behavior of pure Mg is investigated.Pure Mg reinforced with 10%Ti and 10%Ti-1%Al particulate...In this study,the effect of micron-sized titanium and aluminum addition on the microstructural,mechanical and work-hardening behavior of pure Mg is investigated.Pure Mg reinforced with 10%Ti and 10%Ti-1%Al particulates were synthesized through semi-powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion.Semi-powder metallurgy appears to be promising approach for the synthesis of Mg based composite,as it is free of ball milling.Tensile results indicate that the direct addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particulates to pure Mg,caused an improvement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+72%;+41%;+29%;and+79%respectively).The addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particles along with 1.0wt.%Al particles to pure Mg,resulted in an enhancement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+74%;+56%;+45%;and+241%respectively).Besides tensile test,Vickers hardness and work-hardening behavior of prepared composites were also examined.Impressive failure strain of Mg-10Ti-1Al composite can be attributed to the better compatibility of Ti particulates with Mg due to presence of alloying element Al.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities of Psidium guajava leaf extracts against angiogenesis-dependent colorectal cancer.Methods:Three extracts were produced using distilled water,ethanol,...Objective:To evaluate the anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities of Psidium guajava leaf extracts against angiogenesis-dependent colorectal cancer.Methods:Three extracts were produced using distilled water,ethanol,and n-hexane as solvents.The extracts were physically characterised through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry,ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,total phenolic content,and total flavonoid content assays.To assess their anti-angiogenic activity,cell viability and rat aortic ring assays were conducted,while cell migration,tube formation,colony formation,and VEGF ELISA assays were conducted to elucidate their effects on different aspects of angiogenesis.Molecular docking was used to assess the antiangiogenic potential of some possible compounds in the extracts.Tumour spheroid assay was used to assess the extracts’potential as a treatment for colorectal cancer.Results:The ethanol extract showed the best antioxidant activity.The distilled water and ethanol extracts exhibited more inhibitory activity against EA.hy926 cell viability and aortic ring microvessel growth.In addition,the ethanol extract performed significantly better than the distilled water extract against cell migration and colony formation,and VEGF expression of the cells was suppressed by the ethanol extract.Both the distilled water and ethanol extracts showed significant inhibitory effect on EA.hy926 tube formation and tumour spheroids consisting of EA.hy926 and HCT116 cells.The ethanol extract containedβ-caryophyllene andβ-elemene by phytochemical analysis and subsequent docking studies,which may contribute to its anti-angiogenic activity.Conclusions:The ethanol extract of Psidium guajava has potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer through the inhibition of angiogenesis.展开更多
In this work, surface characterization and electrochemical measurement were employed to investigate the effects of magnetic field（MF） on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in a NaCl solution containing sulphate-redu...In this work, surface characterization and electrochemical measurement were employed to investigate the effects of magnetic field（MF） on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in a NaCl solution containing sulphate-reducing bacteria（SRB） or extracellular polymeric substances（EPS）. Results demonstrated that a 150 mT MF enhanced steel corrosion in a SRB-containing NaCl solution by 202% calculated from weight loss with pitting corrosion as the main corrosion type.Either EPS or MF rendered steel corrosion, but a synergistic interaction between MF and EPS boosted up steel corrosion.This synergistic enhancement could be referred to the alteration in orientation of EPS induced by MF. The presence of higher percentage of chloride ions on the carbon steel surface manifested that MF initiated the erosion of chloride ions on the carbon steel coupon.展开更多
Coating of graphene and graphene/polymer composites on metals improves the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.On other hand,graphene embedded inside metal(especially Mg)matrices increases or decreases corrosion,...Coating of graphene and graphene/polymer composites on metals improves the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.On other hand,graphene embedded inside metal(especially Mg)matrices increases or decreases corrosion,is a crucial factor and must be explored.In present study,electrochemical behaviors of magnesium alloys(AZ31 and AZ61)and their composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)were carried out in 3.5%NaCl solution by polarization method.The surface morphology of composites before and after corrosion tests were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Experimental results revealed that presence of graphene nanoplatelets in different matrices decrease corrosion resistance of composites.This may be attributed to presence of graphene nanoplatelets which activates the corrosion of magnesium/alloys due to the occurrence of galvanic corrosion and this effect increases with increasing graphene nanoplatelets content.Further,an appropriate model describing the corrosion mechanism was proposed.展开更多
Considering the great potential of natural products as anticancer agents, the present study was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for anticancer activities of Mesua ferrea stem bark extract agai...Considering the great potential of natural products as anticancer agents, the present study was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for anticancer activities of Mesua ferrea stem bark extract against human colorectal carcinoma. Based on MTT assay results, bioactive sub-fraction(SF-3) was selected for further studies using HCT 116 cells. Repeated column chromatography resulted in isolation of less active α-amyrin from SF-3, which was identified and characterized by GC-MS and HPLC methods. α-amyrin and betulinic acid contents of SF-3 were measured by HPLC methods. Fluorescent assays revealed characteristic apoptotic features, including cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, and marked decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in SF-3 treated cells. In addition, increased levels of caspases-9 and-3/7 levels were also observed in SF-3 treated cells. SF-3 showed promising antimetastatic properties in multiple in vitro assays. Multi-pathway analysis revealed significant down-regulation of WNT, HIF-1α, and EGFR with simultaneous up-regulation of p53, Myc/Max, and TGF-β signalling pathways in SF-3 treated cells. In addition, promising growth inhibitory effects were observed in SF-3 treated HCT 116 tumour spheroids, which give a hint about in vivo antitumor efficacy of SF-3 phytoconstituents. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that anticancer effects of SF-3 towards colon cancer are through modulation of multiple molecular pathways.展开更多
Social distancing and self-isolation management are crucial preventive measures that can save millions of lives during challenging pandemics of diseases such as the Spanish u,swine u,and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID...Social distancing and self-isolation management are crucial preventive measures that can save millions of lives during challenging pandemics of diseases such as the Spanish u,swine u,and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This study describes the comprehensive and effective implementation of the Industrial Internet of Things and machine-to-machine technologies for social distancing and smart self-isolation management.These technologies can help prevent outbreaks of any disease that can disperse widely and develop into a pandemic.Initially,a smart wristband is proposed that incorporates Bluetooth beacon technology to facilitate the tracing and tracking of Bluetooth Low Energy beacon packets for smart contact tracing.Second,the connectivity of the device with Android or iOS applications using long-term evolution technology is realized to achieve mobility.Finally,mathematical formulations are proposed to measure the distance between coordinates in order to detect geo-fencing violations.These formulations are specically designed for the virtual circular and polygonal boundaries used to restrict suspected or infected persons from trespassing in predetermined areas,e.g.,at home,in a hospital,or in an isolation ward.The proposed framework outperforms existing solutions,since it is implemented on a wider scale,provides a range of functionalities,and is cost-effective.展开更多
Computerized power management system with fast and optimal communication network overcomes all major dicrepencies of undue or inadequate load relief that were present in old conventional systems. This paper presents t...Computerized power management system with fast and optimal communication network overcomes all major dicrepencies of undue or inadequate load relief that were present in old conventional systems. This paper presents the basic perception and methodology of modern and true intelligent load management scheme in micro grids topology by employing TCP/IP protocol for fast and intelligent switching. The network understudy performs load management and power distribution intelligently in a unified network. Generated power is efficiently distributed among local loads through fast communication system of server in the form of source and clients in the form of loads through TCP/IP. The efficient use of information between server and clients enables to astutely control the load management in a power system of micro grids system. The processing time of above stated system comes out to be 10ms faster than others which ensure very less delay as compared to conventional methods. The Micro Grids system operating through TCP/IP control has been implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and results have been verified.展开更多
Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In p...Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In present work,we used hybrid ion strategy to analyze the performance of lithium titanate based lithium cathode,magnesium metal anode,and all-phenyl complex(APC)electrolytes at different temperatures(25℃,10℃,0℃,-10℃,and-20℃).The hybrid ion battery exhibited excellent rate performance(228 m Ah g^(-1)/20 m A g^(-1) and 163 mAh g^(-1)/1000 mA g^(-1))with stable voltage plateaus at 0.90 and 0.75 V,which corresponds to specific energy of 178 Wh kg^(-1) at room temperature(25℃).Experimental results revealed that APC-THF solutions have strong potential to suppress the freezing of electrolyte solutions owing to low boiling point of THF.The low temperature electrochemical testing revealed the reversible capacities of 213.4,165.5,143.8,133.2 and 78.56 mAh g^(-1) at 25,10,0,-10,and-20℃,respectively.Furthermore,ex-situ XRD,SEM,and EIS tests were carried out to understand the reaction kinetics of both Mg2+and Li+ions inside the lithium titanate cathode.We hope this work will shed light on low temperature prospective of electrochemical devices for use in cold environments.展开更多
In machine learning,sentiment analysis is a technique to find and analyze the sentiments hidden in the text.For sentiment analysis,annotated data is a basic requirement.Generally,this data is manually annotated.Manual...In machine learning,sentiment analysis is a technique to find and analyze the sentiments hidden in the text.For sentiment analysis,annotated data is a basic requirement.Generally,this data is manually annotated.Manual annotation is time consuming,costly and laborious process.To overcome these resource constraints this research has proposed a fully automated annotation technique for aspect level sentiment analysis.Dataset is created from the reviews of ten most popular songs on YouTube.Reviews of five aspects—voice,video,music,lyrics and song,are extracted.An N-Gram based technique is proposed.Complete dataset consists of 369436 reviews that took 173.53 s to annotate using the proposed technique while this dataset might have taken approximately 2.07 million seconds(575 h)if it was annotated manually.For the validation of the proposed technique,a sub-dataset—Voice,is annotated manually as well as with the proposed technique.Cohen’s Kappa statistics is used to evaluate the degree of agreement between the two annotations.The high Kappa value(i.e.,0.9571%)shows the high level of agreement between the two.This validates that the quality of annotation of the proposed technique is as good as manual annotation even with far less computational cost.This research also contributes in consolidating the guidelines for the manual annotation process.展开更多
文摘Interleukins(ILs),a subset of cytokines,play a critical role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease(CHD)by mediating inflammation.This review article summarizes the role of ILs such as IL-1,IL-2,IL-3,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-7,IL-8,IL-9,and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of CHD.Individuals with mild coronary artery disease(CAD)and angina who have ischemic heart disease have higher serum concentrations of IL-1b.Larger studies are needed to verify the safety and assess the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 as an anti-inflammatory treatment.IL-3 is found more often in patients receiving coronary angioplasty compared to patients with asymptomatic CAD or without CAD.Serum levels of IL-4 are reliable indicators of CAD.An independent correlation between IL-5 and the incidence of CAD was demonstrated.IL-6 helps serve as a reliable biomarker for the degree of CAD,as determined by the Gensini score,and is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis.Also,variants of IL-7/7R have been linked to the Han Chinese population's genetic susceptibility to CHD.IL-8 plays a role in the progression of CAD occurrences.By interacting with conventional risk factors for CAD,IL-9 may contribute to the development of CAD and offer an innovative approach to its prevention and management.There was a 34%increased risk of a CHD incident for every standard deviation rise in baseline IL-10 levels.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272071,No.32261143466)the Major Program of Science and Technology Development of Wuhan,China(2022021302024850)the Key Project for Research and Development of Hubei Province,China(2023BBB027)。
文摘Protein content plays a crucial role in determining the eating and cooking quality of rice.However,the genetic and molecular basis underlying grain protein content remains to be elucidated.In this study,we identified a genomic region associated with grain protein content in rice chromosome segment substitution lines containing the flowering gene Ghd7.1,which reduced grain protein content by repressing the transcription of the gene OsAAP6.Knockout of Ghd7.1 increased grain protein content and decreased the eating and cooking quality of rice.Introduction of the functional haplotype of Ghd7.1 into two elite rice cultivars reduced their protein content and increased their eating quality and grain yield with no effect on the regulation of flowering time.Ghd7.1 might be used for regulating the protein content and improving the eating quality of rice varieties.
文摘This article summarized the role of interleukins(ILs)in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA).It discovered a negative feedback mechanism wherein alternative splicing led to the upregulation of the IL 1 receptor antagonist(IL1RN)isoforms IL1RN-201 and IL1RN-203,which play a crucial anti-inflammatory role in KRAS-mutant intrahepatic CCA(iCCA).Higher levels of IL-4 receptor were associated with a worse survival rate in patients with CCA.In addition,elevated levels of serum IL-6 have been associated with the start and progression of CCA,a common cancer generated by inflammation.IL-8 was a useful predictor of human hilar CCA.Mechanistically,signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling was used by IL-10 produced from M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages to enhance the malignant characteristics of iCCA cells.It was suggested that IL-17A and IL-22 have an impact on the development of CCA associated with hepatic fluke infection.The most significant finding was the decreased expression of the IL-23 receptor,a prognostic gene,in iCCA.IL-25 may be a useful prognostic biomarker as aberrant expression of the protein in CCA tissue was linked to tumor spread and a poor prognosis.Tumor cell migration and proliferation were both accelerated by homogenized liver tissue that expressed IL-33 significantly.The correlation between high IL-35 expression and aggressiveness in iCCA highlights it as a useful biomarker for assessing the course and prognosis of iCCA in clinical settings.This article concluded that IL-1,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-17,IL-23,IL-25,IL-33,and IL-35 play significant roles in the pathogenesis of CCA.Further research is required to find the association of other ILs such as IL-2,IL-3,IL-5,IL-7,IL-11,and more in the pathogenesis of CCA.
基金support from Abu Dhabi University’s Office of Research and Sponsored Programs Grant Number:19300810.
文摘Cookies are considered a fundamental means of web application services for authenticating various Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP)requests andmaintains the states of clients’information over the Internet.HTTP cookies are exploited to carry client patterns observed by a website.These client patterns facilitate the particular client’s future visit to the corresponding website.However,security and privacy are the primary concerns owing to the value of information over public channels and the storage of client information on the browser.Several protocols have been introduced that maintain HTTP cookies,but many of those fail to achieve the required security,or require a lot of resource overheads.In this article,we have introduced a lightweight Elliptic Curve Cryptographic(ECC)based protocol for authenticating client and server transactions to maintain the privacy and security of HTTP cookies.Our proposed protocol uses a secret key embedded within a cookie.The proposed protocol ismore efficient and lightweight than related protocols because of its reduced computation,storage,and communication costs.Moreover,the analysis presented in this paper confirms that proposed protocol resists various known attacks.
文摘This paper concentrates on the impact of SiN passivation layer deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD） on the Schottky characteristics in GaN high electron mobility transistors（HEMTs）. Three types of SiN layers with different deposition conditions were deposited on GaN HEMTs. Atomic force microscope（AFM）, capacitance-voltage（C-V）, and Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） measurement were used to analyze the surface morphology, the electrical characterization, and the chemical bonding of SiN thin films, respectively. The better surface morphology was achieved from the device with lower gate leakage current. The fixed positive charge Qf was extracted from C-V curves of Al/SiN/Si structures and quite different density of trap states（in the order of magnitude of 1011-1012 cm^（-2）） was observed.It was found that the least trap states were in accordance with the lowest gate leakage current. Furthermore, the chemical bonds and the %H in Si-H and N-H were figured from FTIR measurement, demonstrating an increase in the density of Qf with the increasing %H in N-H. It reveals that the effect of SiN passivation can be improved in GaN-based HEMTs by modulating %H in Si-H and N-H, thus achieving a better Schottky characteristics.
文摘Cloud computing is an emerging technology that is being widely adopted throughout the world due to its ease-of-use. Organizations of all types can use it without pre-requisites such as IT infra-structure, technical skills, managerial overload, storage capacity, processing power, and data recovery or privacy setup. It can be availed by all clients as per their needs, expectations and budget. However, cloud computing introduces new kinds of security vulnerabilities that need to be ad-dressed. Traditional “Computer Forensics” deals with detection, preemption and prevention of IT triggered frauds and crimes but it lacks the ability to deal with cybercrimes pertaining to cloud computing environment. In this paper, we focus on forensics issues in cloud computing, assess limitations of forensic team and present the obstacles faced during investigation.
基金The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Funds of China(No.50725413)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MOST)(No.2010DFR50010 and 2011FU125Z07)Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(CSTC2013jcyjC60001).
文摘Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on mechanical properties of magnesium–10wt%Titanium(Mg–10Ti)alloy is investigated in current work.The Mg-(10Ti+0.18GNPs)composite was synthesized using the semi powder metallurgy method followed by hot extrusion.Microstructural characterization results revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement(Ti+GNPs)particles in the matrix,therefore(Ti+GNPs)particles act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent the deformation.Room temperature tensile results showed that the addition of Ti+GNPs to monolithic Mg lead to increase in 0.2%yield strength(0.2%YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),and failure strain.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to investigate the surface morphology,elemental dispersion and phase analysis,respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects 51531002,51474043,51571043)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant 106112015CDJZR135515)Chongqing Municipal Government(CSTC2013JCYJC60001,CEC project,Two River Scholar Project andThe Chief Scientist Studio Project).
文摘Outstanding mechanical properties of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)make them ideal reinforcement for mass production of composites.In this research,the composites were fabricated by stir-casting method.GNPs were added in 1.5 and 3.0 wt.%into Mg–3wt.%Al–1wt.%Zn(AZ31)magnesium alloy.As cast ingots were preheated for one hour and extruded at 350℃ with extrusion ratio of 5.2:1.As extruded AZ31-GNPs composites were micro-structurally characterized with X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Vickers microhardness of synthesized materials was investigated both in parallel and perpendicular to extrusion directions.Room temperature mechanical testing revealed that with increasing GNP’s content,tensile fracture strain was remarkably increased without significant compromise in tensile strength.Furthermore,as extruded AZ31-3GNPs composites were subjected to tensile testing at temperatures ranging from 75℃ to 300℃ with initial strain rate of 2×10^(−3)s^(−1) to evaluate high temperature formability of composite.It was found that like CNTs,GNPs also have the potential to sustain tensile strength at high temperatures.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China Project(No.41602138)National Science and Technology Special Grant(No.2016ZX05006007)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded Project(2015M580617,2017T100524)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(15CX08001A)
文摘The study or pore characteristics is or great importance in reservoir evaluation,especially in deeply buried s andstone.It controls the storage mechanism and reservoir fluid properties of the permeable horizons.The first member of Eocene Shahejie Formation(Esl)sandstone is classified as feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose.The present research investigates the pore characteristics and reservoir features of the deeply buried sandstone reservoir of Esl member of Shahejie Formation.The techniques including thin-section petrography,mercury injection capillary pressure(MICP),scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscope images were used to demarcate the pores including primary intergranular pores and secondary intergranular,intragranular,dissolution and fracture pores.Mercury injection test and routine core analysis were led to demarcate the pore network characteristics of the studied reservoir.Pore size and pore throat size distribution are acquired from mercury injection test.Porosity values range from 0.5%to 30%,and permeability ranges 0.006-7000 mD.Pore radii of coarse-grained sandstone and fine-grained sandstone range from 0.2 to>4μm and 1 nm to 1.60μm,respectively,by MICP analysis.The mineral composition also plays an important role in protecting the pores with pressure from failure.Fractured sandstone and coarse-grained sandstone consist of large and interconnected pores that enhance the reservoir porosity and permeability,whereas fine-grained sandstone and siltstone consist of numerous pores but not well interconnected,and so they consist of high porosity with low permeability.
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51601073)Jiangsu Distinguished Professor Project(1064901601)+1 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Six Talent Peaks Project(1062991801)Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Research Start-Up Fund(1062921905).
文摘Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries are potential candidates to replace the lithium ion batteries due to their high volumetric energy density,dendrite free cycling,and low costs.In present work,we have critically reviewed the recent advances made in the field of cathode materials development to achieve the high reversible capacities and working potentials.In first part,carbon-based cathodes such as fluorinedoped graphene nanosheets and graphite fluoride(CF0.8)are discussed in terms of compatibilities of pos让ive electrode materials and electrolyte solutions for rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries.Whereas,the second part of this review focuses on crystal structure of vanadium oxide and its capability to accommodate the Mg^2+ions.Likewise,electrochemical performance of selected vanadium oxide based cathodes including VO2(B),FeVO4.0.9H2(X Mc)2.5+yVO9+δ,RFC/V2O5 and V2O5/Graphene composite,are discussed at different temperatures.To support the future research on magnesium ion batteries,particularly positive electrode material developments,several innovative research directions are proposed.
基金The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Funds of China(No.50725413)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(MOST)(No.2010DFR50010 and 2011FU125Z07)Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(CSTC2013JCYJC60001).
文摘In this study,the effect of micron-sized titanium and aluminum addition on the microstructural,mechanical and work-hardening behavior of pure Mg is investigated.Pure Mg reinforced with 10%Ti and 10%Ti-1%Al particulates were synthesized through semi-powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion.Semi-powder metallurgy appears to be promising approach for the synthesis of Mg based composite,as it is free of ball milling.Tensile results indicate that the direct addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particulates to pure Mg,caused an improvement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+72%;+41%;+29%;and+79%respectively).The addition of micron-sized 10wt.%titanium particles along with 1.0wt.%Al particles to pure Mg,resulted in an enhancement in elastic modulus,0.2%yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and failure strain(+74%;+56%;+45%;and+241%respectively).Besides tensile test,Vickers hardness and work-hardening behavior of prepared composites were also examined.Impressive failure strain of Mg-10Ti-1Al composite can be attributed to the better compatibility of Ti particulates with Mg due to presence of alloying element Al.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the anti-angiogenic and anticancer activities of Psidium guajava leaf extracts against angiogenesis-dependent colorectal cancer.Methods:Three extracts were produced using distilled water,ethanol,and n-hexane as solvents.The extracts were physically characterised through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry,ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl,total phenolic content,and total flavonoid content assays.To assess their anti-angiogenic activity,cell viability and rat aortic ring assays were conducted,while cell migration,tube formation,colony formation,and VEGF ELISA assays were conducted to elucidate their effects on different aspects of angiogenesis.Molecular docking was used to assess the antiangiogenic potential of some possible compounds in the extracts.Tumour spheroid assay was used to assess the extracts’potential as a treatment for colorectal cancer.Results:The ethanol extract showed the best antioxidant activity.The distilled water and ethanol extracts exhibited more inhibitory activity against EA.hy926 cell viability and aortic ring microvessel growth.In addition,the ethanol extract performed significantly better than the distilled water extract against cell migration and colony formation,and VEGF expression of the cells was suppressed by the ethanol extract.Both the distilled water and ethanol extracts showed significant inhibitory effect on EA.hy926 tube formation and tumour spheroids consisting of EA.hy926 and HCT116 cells.The ethanol extract containedβ-caryophyllene andβ-elemene by phytochemical analysis and subsequent docking studies,which may contribute to its anti-angiogenic activity.Conclusions:The ethanol extract of Psidium guajava has potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer through the inhibition of angiogenesis.
基金financially supported by the Shenzhen Strategic Emerging Industry Development Special Fund Project (No. JCYJ20130401144744190)the Innovation Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Innovation Institute (Nos. 2015TS150, 2015ZZGH010)
文摘In this work, surface characterization and electrochemical measurement were employed to investigate the effects of magnetic field（MF） on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in a NaCl solution containing sulphate-reducing bacteria（SRB） or extracellular polymeric substances（EPS）. Results demonstrated that a 150 mT MF enhanced steel corrosion in a SRB-containing NaCl solution by 202% calculated from weight loss with pitting corrosion as the main corrosion type.Either EPS or MF rendered steel corrosion, but a synergistic interaction between MF and EPS boosted up steel corrosion.This synergistic enhancement could be referred to the alteration in orientation of EPS induced by MF. The presence of higher percentage of chloride ions on the carbon steel surface manifested that MF initiated the erosion of chloride ions on the carbon steel coupon.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects 51531002,51474043,51571043)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant 106112015CDJZR135515)Chongqing Municipal Government(CSTC2013JCYJC60001,CEC project,Two River Scholar Project and The Chief Scientist Studio Project).
文摘Coating of graphene and graphene/polymer composites on metals improves the corrosion resistance of metal substrates.On other hand,graphene embedded inside metal(especially Mg)matrices increases or decreases corrosion,is a crucial factor and must be explored.In present study,electrochemical behaviors of magnesium alloys(AZ31 and AZ61)and their composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)were carried out in 3.5%NaCl solution by polarization method.The surface morphology of composites before and after corrosion tests were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.Experimental results revealed that presence of graphene nanoplatelets in different matrices decrease corrosion resistance of composites.This may be attributed to presence of graphene nanoplatelets which activates the corrosion of magnesium/alloys due to the occurrence of galvanic corrosion and this effect increases with increasing graphene nanoplatelets content.Further,an appropriate model describing the corrosion mechanism was proposed.
基金supported by the fund from Universti Sains Malaysia(RUT 1001/PFARMASI/851001 NRGS 304/PFARMASI/650735/K123)
文摘Considering the great potential of natural products as anticancer agents, the present study was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for anticancer activities of Mesua ferrea stem bark extract against human colorectal carcinoma. Based on MTT assay results, bioactive sub-fraction(SF-3) was selected for further studies using HCT 116 cells. Repeated column chromatography resulted in isolation of less active α-amyrin from SF-3, which was identified and characterized by GC-MS and HPLC methods. α-amyrin and betulinic acid contents of SF-3 were measured by HPLC methods. Fluorescent assays revealed characteristic apoptotic features, including cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, and marked decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in SF-3 treated cells. In addition, increased levels of caspases-9 and-3/7 levels were also observed in SF-3 treated cells. SF-3 showed promising antimetastatic properties in multiple in vitro assays. Multi-pathway analysis revealed significant down-regulation of WNT, HIF-1α, and EGFR with simultaneous up-regulation of p53, Myc/Max, and TGF-β signalling pathways in SF-3 treated cells. In addition, promising growth inhibitory effects were observed in SF-3 treated HCT 116 tumour spheroids, which give a hint about in vivo antitumor efficacy of SF-3 phytoconstituents. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that anticancer effects of SF-3 towards colon cancer are through modulation of multiple molecular pathways.
基金supported by Data and Articial Intelligence Scientic Chair at Umm Al-Qura University,Makkah City,Saudi Arabia。
文摘Social distancing and self-isolation management are crucial preventive measures that can save millions of lives during challenging pandemics of diseases such as the Spanish u,swine u,and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This study describes the comprehensive and effective implementation of the Industrial Internet of Things and machine-to-machine technologies for social distancing and smart self-isolation management.These technologies can help prevent outbreaks of any disease that can disperse widely and develop into a pandemic.Initially,a smart wristband is proposed that incorporates Bluetooth beacon technology to facilitate the tracing and tracking of Bluetooth Low Energy beacon packets for smart contact tracing.Second,the connectivity of the device with Android or iOS applications using long-term evolution technology is realized to achieve mobility.Finally,mathematical formulations are proposed to measure the distance between coordinates in order to detect geo-fencing violations.These formulations are specically designed for the virtual circular and polygonal boundaries used to restrict suspected or infected persons from trespassing in predetermined areas,e.g.,at home,in a hospital,or in an isolation ward.The proposed framework outperforms existing solutions,since it is implemented on a wider scale,provides a range of functionalities,and is cost-effective.
文摘Computerized power management system with fast and optimal communication network overcomes all major dicrepencies of undue or inadequate load relief that were present in old conventional systems. This paper presents the basic perception and methodology of modern and true intelligent load management scheme in micro grids topology by employing TCP/IP protocol for fast and intelligent switching. The network understudy performs load management and power distribution intelligently in a unified network. Generated power is efficiently distributed among local loads through fast communication system of server in the form of source and clients in the form of loads through TCP/IP. The efficient use of information between server and clients enables to astutely control the load management in a power system of micro grids system. The processing time of above stated system comes out to be 10ms faster than others which ensure very less delay as compared to conventional methods. The Micro Grids system operating through TCP/IP control has been implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and results have been verified.
基金JUST Research Start-Up Fund(1062921905)supported。
文摘Magnesium-lithium hybrid ion batteries have emerged as a new class of energy storage systems owing to dendrite free cycling of magnesium anode and possibility of practice of numerous conventional lithium cathodes.In present work,we used hybrid ion strategy to analyze the performance of lithium titanate based lithium cathode,magnesium metal anode,and all-phenyl complex(APC)electrolytes at different temperatures(25℃,10℃,0℃,-10℃,and-20℃).The hybrid ion battery exhibited excellent rate performance(228 m Ah g^(-1)/20 m A g^(-1) and 163 mAh g^(-1)/1000 mA g^(-1))with stable voltage plateaus at 0.90 and 0.75 V,which corresponds to specific energy of 178 Wh kg^(-1) at room temperature(25℃).Experimental results revealed that APC-THF solutions have strong potential to suppress the freezing of electrolyte solutions owing to low boiling point of THF.The low temperature electrochemical testing revealed the reversible capacities of 213.4,165.5,143.8,133.2 and 78.56 mAh g^(-1) at 25,10,0,-10,and-20℃,respectively.Furthermore,ex-situ XRD,SEM,and EIS tests were carried out to understand the reaction kinetics of both Mg2+and Li+ions inside the lithium titanate cathode.We hope this work will shed light on low temperature prospective of electrochemical devices for use in cold environments.
文摘In machine learning,sentiment analysis is a technique to find and analyze the sentiments hidden in the text.For sentiment analysis,annotated data is a basic requirement.Generally,this data is manually annotated.Manual annotation is time consuming,costly and laborious process.To overcome these resource constraints this research has proposed a fully automated annotation technique for aspect level sentiment analysis.Dataset is created from the reviews of ten most popular songs on YouTube.Reviews of five aspects—voice,video,music,lyrics and song,are extracted.An N-Gram based technique is proposed.Complete dataset consists of 369436 reviews that took 173.53 s to annotate using the proposed technique while this dataset might have taken approximately 2.07 million seconds(575 h)if it was annotated manually.For the validation of the proposed technique,a sub-dataset—Voice,is annotated manually as well as with the proposed technique.Cohen’s Kappa statistics is used to evaluate the degree of agreement between the two annotations.The high Kappa value(i.e.,0.9571%)shows the high level of agreement between the two.This validates that the quality of annotation of the proposed technique is as good as manual annotation even with far less computational cost.This research also contributes in consolidating the guidelines for the manual annotation process.
