In this study,we propose a novel joint training model for named entity recognition(NER)that combines BERT,BiLSTM,CRF,and a reading comprehension(RC)mechanism.Traditional BERT-BiLSTM-CRF models often struggle with inac...In this study,we propose a novel joint training model for named entity recognition(NER)that combines BERT,BiLSTM,CRF,and a reading comprehension(RC)mechanism.Traditional BERT-BiLSTM-CRF models often struggle with inaccu-rate boundary detection and excessive fragmentation of named entities due to their lack of specialized vocabulary.Our model addresses these issues by integrating an RC mechanism,which helps refine fragmented results by enabling the model to more precisely identify entity boundaries without relying on an expert-annotated dictionary.Additionally,segmentation issues are further mitigated through a segmented combined voting-and positive-sample-coverage technique.We applied this model to develop a database for mesoporous bioactive glass(MBG).Furthermore,a classifier was developed to automatically detect the presence of pertinent information within paragraphs.For this study,200 articles were searched using MBG-related keywords,and the data were split into a training set and a test set in a 9:1 ratio.A total of 492 paragraphs were automatically extracted for training,and 50 paragraphs were extracted for testing the model.The results demonstrate that our joint training model achieves an accuracy of 92.8%in named entity recognition,which is 4.3%higher than the 88.5%accuracy of the traditional BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model.展开更多
The prevalence of tuberculosis infection among adolescents born after terminating the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） booster vaccination in China was estimated using tuberculin skin testing （TST） and QuantiFERON-T...The prevalence of tuberculosis infection among adolescents born after terminating the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） booster vaccination in China was estimated using tuberculin skin testing （TST） and QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay （QFT） to investigate the influence of neonatal BCG vaccination on the performance of TST. Data analysis was conducted for 2831 eligible participants aged 5-15 years from the baseline survey of a population-based multi-center prospective study. The prevalence rates of TST （induration ≥ 10 mm） and QFT positivity were 9.3% （264/2827） and 2.5% （71/2831）, respectively. The rate of QFT indeterminate result was 2.2% （62/2831）. The overall agreement between TST and QFT was low （concordance = 88.0%; K coefficient = 0.125）. Only TST was positively associated with BCG vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.71 [95% confidence interval, 1.26-2.31 ]. A history of close contact with patients of active TB was significantly associated with positivity for TST and QFT. Our results suggested that BCG neonatal vaccination still affects TST performance, and a two- step approach might be considered for TB infection testing among adolescents in China.展开更多
Due to the implementation of directly observed treatment strategy(DOTS),China has made a significant achievement in tackling the tuberculosis(TB)epidemic in the 1990s.However,only half of regions in China met or excee...Due to the implementation of directly observed treatment strategy(DOTS),China has made a significant achievement in tackling the tuberculosis(TB)epidemic in the 1990s.However,only half of regions in China met or exceeded the 85%rate of treatment success target.The aim of the present study is to summarize the treatment outcomes of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the mainland of China in the past decade using meta-analysis based on systematic review of published observational studies.A total of 50 eligible articles(58 studies)were identified and included in this study.The summarized treatment success rates were 93.9%(95%CI,92.8%–94.7%)for new cases and 85.4%(95%CI,83.0%–87.6%)for previously treated cases,and the summarized cured rate were 92.2%(95%CI,90.9%–93.3%)and 81.2%(95%CI,79.1%–83.1%),respectively.A remarkable increase of rates for treatment success and cure was observed in the 1990s.After 2000,the summarized treatment outcomes were tending towards stability.In addition,geographic areas,type of the data and administrative level of the hospital were also found to influence the estimates of the treatment outcomes.Results of the present study clearly show,in general,that the pulmonary TB treatment achieved significant success in the past decade in the mainland of China.However,it needs to be further strengthened in the central and west areas.展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3802105 and 2021YFB3802102).
文摘In this study,we propose a novel joint training model for named entity recognition(NER)that combines BERT,BiLSTM,CRF,and a reading comprehension(RC)mechanism.Traditional BERT-BiLSTM-CRF models often struggle with inaccu-rate boundary detection and excessive fragmentation of named entities due to their lack of specialized vocabulary.Our model addresses these issues by integrating an RC mechanism,which helps refine fragmented results by enabling the model to more precisely identify entity boundaries without relying on an expert-annotated dictionary.Additionally,segmentation issues are further mitigated through a segmented combined voting-and positive-sample-coverage technique.We applied this model to develop a database for mesoporous bioactive glass(MBG).Furthermore,a classifier was developed to automatically detect the presence of pertinent information within paragraphs.For this study,200 articles were searched using MBG-related keywords,and the data were split into a training set and a test set in a 9:1 ratio.A total of 492 paragraphs were automatically extracted for training,and 50 paragraphs were extracted for testing the model.The results demonstrate that our joint training model achieves an accuracy of 92.8%in named entity recognition,which is 4.3%higher than the 88.5%accuracy of the traditional BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model.
文摘The prevalence of tuberculosis infection among adolescents born after terminating the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin （BCG） booster vaccination in China was estimated using tuberculin skin testing （TST） and QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay （QFT） to investigate the influence of neonatal BCG vaccination on the performance of TST. Data analysis was conducted for 2831 eligible participants aged 5-15 years from the baseline survey of a population-based multi-center prospective study. The prevalence rates of TST （induration ≥ 10 mm） and QFT positivity were 9.3% （264/2827） and 2.5% （71/2831）, respectively. The rate of QFT indeterminate result was 2.2% （62/2831）. The overall agreement between TST and QFT was low （concordance = 88.0%; K coefficient = 0.125）. Only TST was positively associated with BCG vaccination with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.71 [95% confidence interval, 1.26-2.31 ]. A history of close contact with patients of active TB was significantly associated with positivity for TST and QFT. Our results suggested that BCG neonatal vaccination still affects TST performance, and a two- step approach might be considered for TB infection testing among adolescents in China.
基金The work was supported by Eleven Fifth Key Research Grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology,the People’s Republic of China(2013ZX10003004-002)。
文摘Due to the implementation of directly observed treatment strategy(DOTS),China has made a significant achievement in tackling the tuberculosis(TB)epidemic in the 1990s.However,only half of regions in China met or exceeded the 85%rate of treatment success target.The aim of the present study is to summarize the treatment outcomes of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the mainland of China in the past decade using meta-analysis based on systematic review of published observational studies.A total of 50 eligible articles(58 studies)were identified and included in this study.The summarized treatment success rates were 93.9%(95%CI,92.8%–94.7%)for new cases and 85.4%(95%CI,83.0%–87.6%)for previously treated cases,and the summarized cured rate were 92.2%(95%CI,90.9%–93.3%)and 81.2%(95%CI,79.1%–83.1%),respectively.A remarkable increase of rates for treatment success and cure was observed in the 1990s.After 2000,the summarized treatment outcomes were tending towards stability.In addition,geographic areas,type of the data and administrative level of the hospital were also found to influence the estimates of the treatment outcomes.Results of the present study clearly show,in general,that the pulmonary TB treatment achieved significant success in the past decade in the mainland of China.However,it needs to be further strengthened in the central and west areas.
