This study aim is to examine the petrographical,mineralogical,and geochemical analyses of carbonate and clay rocks of Gabal Akheider,Egypt using XRD/XRF analyses to assess raw materials suitability for cement producti...This study aim is to examine the petrographical,mineralogical,and geochemical analyses of carbonate and clay rocks of Gabal Akheider,Egypt using XRD/XRF analyses to assess raw materials suitability for cement production.The sequence is divided into pre-rift Middle Eocene Sannor carbonates overlain by syn-rift Oligocene-lower Miocene Hagul clays.The carbonate rocks show microfacies variety,ranging from wackstone,packstone and grainstone,and extensive diagenetic processes(neomorphism,micrtitization,cementation,dissolution,dolomitization,dedolomitization,fracturing,and void-filling).Calcite is the main limestone component(>95%),while Hagul clays are dominated by montmorillonite and kaolinite.The Sannor carbonates geochemistry are:CaO(30.9-55.9%),MgO(0.3-15.0%),SiO2(0.3-24.0%),Al2O3(0.1-0.5%),Fe2O3(0.0-1.1%),K2O(0.02-0.08%),Na2O(0.03-0.05%),SO3(0.03-0.5%)and Cl(0.0-0.3%)and Hagul clays SiO2(49.2-67.4%),Al2O3(12.9-20.1%),Fe2O3(7.2-11.7%),CaO(0.9-4.3%),MgO(0.1-1.7%),NaO(0.5-1.0%),K2O(0.5-0.7%),SO3(0.1-4.5%)and Cl(0.3-1.02%).Raw mix parameters are calculated and checked for clinker phases(C2S,C3S,C3A,C4AF)and appeared suitable for high-quality cement production.Hagul clay contains higher SO3 and Cl values.Therefore,different types of clays(Melha and Rod El Hamal)were added as corrective materials to obtain low Cl and SO3 values needed to attain the desirable chemical composition of clinker for Portland cement production.展开更多
Due to natural and anthropogenic human activities in arid and semi-arid regions,groundwater will continuously suffer from severe contaminations such as increases in nitrate levels.Groundwater contamination poses serio...Due to natural and anthropogenic human activities in arid and semi-arid regions,groundwater will continuously suffer from severe contaminations such as increases in nitrate levels.Groundwater contamination poses serious threats to the environment and human health.In the current study,23 groundwater samples were collected from the desert zone around the wastewater treatment plant west of Tahta area,Sohag,Egypt.The samples were chemically and bacteriologically analyzed to quantify the sources and potential risk of nitrate in groundwater to the health of adults,children and infants.The nitrate showed wide spatial variability in the studied area,with values going from 0.38 up to 59 mg/L.Based on the bacteriological,principal component,NO_(3)^(-)and NO_(3)^(-)/Cl-analyses,nitrate in the south-western parts around the wastewater treatment plant developed from the sewage contamination while the northeastern and southern parts are mainly due to contamination from the agricultural activities and organic wastes.The non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQ)values of 78%of infants,70%children and 4%of adults were higher than the safety level(i.e.,HQs>1),suggesting severe health effects on human health.Proper management of wastewater disposal activities and application of fertilizers are required to reduce groundwater contamination in Egypt and globally.展开更多
Microplastic(MP)contamination has become a pervasive global issue,affecting terrestrial and aquatic environments,and its potential health hazards are of widespread concern.This review examined the intricate relationsh...Microplastic(MP)contamination has become a pervasive global issue,affecting terrestrial and aquatic environments,and its potential health hazards are of widespread concern.This review examined the intricate relationship between animal exposure to MPs and their health effects,revealing that MP contamination affects a broad spectrum of animal species across terrestrial and aquatic habitats.Crucially,interspecies differences in ingestion,accumulation,and responses to MPs emerge as central themes arising from various factors,including feeding behavior,physiology,and ecological niches.The health implications of MP exposure are multifarious;animals may suffer physical harm,endure chemical exposure to adsorbed contaminants,provoke inflammatory responses,and undergo behavioral modifi-cations.Chronic exposure to MPs raises concerns about their long-term health consequences,and the ability of MPs to adsorb and transport chemicals has implications for the bioaccumulation of pollutants within food webs.The ecological ramifications of MP contamination are profound,impacting animal behavior,population dynamics,and ecosystem processes.The intricate interplay between animals and MPs underscores the need for interdisciplinary research that unites fields such as biology,ecology,chemistry,and toxicology.Recognizing the relationship between animal exposure to MPs and their health effects has significant implications,particularly as the potential for MPs to enter the human food chain through animals underscores the need for research on human health risks.展开更多
The adverse environmental effects of mine tailings disposal on the surrounding ecosystems are world-wide environmental problems.Due to environmental issues related to tailings discharged on land surface,detailed taili...The adverse environmental effects of mine tailings disposal on the surrounding ecosystems are world-wide environmental problems.Due to environmental issues related to tailings discharged on land surface,detailed tailings characterization is a prerequisite for a long-term management solution.The tailings from four gold mines in Egypt,namely Fatira,El Sid,Barramiya,and Atud were investigated for their geochemical-mineralogical features and the effect of weathering behavior on the release of their heavy elements.The tailings samples were investigated by mineralogical(XRD and ESEM-EDS),physical(grain-size distribution)and geochemical(XRF)techniques.Most of the tailings have uniform silt-size with fine to very finesand and clay.Atud tailings have coarse to fine sands.High carbonate,predominantly calcite was found for the samples from Fatira and Atud,calcite-ankerite from El Sid and dolomite from Barramiya with little sulfide-content.High-mean of Cr(569287 mg/kg),Ni(89191 mg/kg)and Co(4221 mg/kg)values are coinciding with the ultramafic nature in Atud and Barramiya tailings.El Sid tailings have a high-mean concentration of Zn(1357 mg/kg)and Pb(1349 mg/kg).Barramiya tailings have a high-mean As concentration(2635 mg/kg).The Fatira tailings are characterized by high-mean values of Sr(444 mg/kg)and Cu(280 mg/kg)arising from auriferous mineralization.High Sr concentrations in Fatira tailings are mainly due to its adsorption to iron oxides.Pyrite oxidation is conceded along the cracks and/or the edges of the crystals in the El Sid,Barramiya and Atud tailings.The Threshold Effect Level(TEL)values indicated high contamination from heavy elements to the neighboring ecosystem.The tailings were deposited downstream into the small wadis.Wind and water erosion can dissolve efflorescent materials enriched in toxic elements like As,Zn,and Pb at tailings surface.The release of contaminants could be catastrophic for the environment without mine site rehabilitation strategies.展开更多
文摘This study aim is to examine the petrographical,mineralogical,and geochemical analyses of carbonate and clay rocks of Gabal Akheider,Egypt using XRD/XRF analyses to assess raw materials suitability for cement production.The sequence is divided into pre-rift Middle Eocene Sannor carbonates overlain by syn-rift Oligocene-lower Miocene Hagul clays.The carbonate rocks show microfacies variety,ranging from wackstone,packstone and grainstone,and extensive diagenetic processes(neomorphism,micrtitization,cementation,dissolution,dolomitization,dedolomitization,fracturing,and void-filling).Calcite is the main limestone component(>95%),while Hagul clays are dominated by montmorillonite and kaolinite.The Sannor carbonates geochemistry are:CaO(30.9-55.9%),MgO(0.3-15.0%),SiO2(0.3-24.0%),Al2O3(0.1-0.5%),Fe2O3(0.0-1.1%),K2O(0.02-0.08%),Na2O(0.03-0.05%),SO3(0.03-0.5%)and Cl(0.0-0.3%)and Hagul clays SiO2(49.2-67.4%),Al2O3(12.9-20.1%),Fe2O3(7.2-11.7%),CaO(0.9-4.3%),MgO(0.1-1.7%),NaO(0.5-1.0%),K2O(0.5-0.7%),SO3(0.1-4.5%)and Cl(0.3-1.02%).Raw mix parameters are calculated and checked for clinker phases(C2S,C3S,C3A,C4AF)and appeared suitable for high-quality cement production.Hagul clay contains higher SO3 and Cl values.Therefore,different types of clays(Melha and Rod El Hamal)were added as corrective materials to obtain low Cl and SO3 values needed to attain the desirable chemical composition of clinker for Portland cement production.
文摘Due to natural and anthropogenic human activities in arid and semi-arid regions,groundwater will continuously suffer from severe contaminations such as increases in nitrate levels.Groundwater contamination poses serious threats to the environment and human health.In the current study,23 groundwater samples were collected from the desert zone around the wastewater treatment plant west of Tahta area,Sohag,Egypt.The samples were chemically and bacteriologically analyzed to quantify the sources and potential risk of nitrate in groundwater to the health of adults,children and infants.The nitrate showed wide spatial variability in the studied area,with values going from 0.38 up to 59 mg/L.Based on the bacteriological,principal component,NO_(3)^(-)and NO_(3)^(-)/Cl-analyses,nitrate in the south-western parts around the wastewater treatment plant developed from the sewage contamination while the northeastern and southern parts are mainly due to contamination from the agricultural activities and organic wastes.The non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQ)values of 78%of infants,70%children and 4%of adults were higher than the safety level(i.e.,HQs>1),suggesting severe health effects on human health.Proper management of wastewater disposal activities and application of fertilizers are required to reduce groundwater contamination in Egypt and globally.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2019R1A6A1A03033167).
文摘Microplastic(MP)contamination has become a pervasive global issue,affecting terrestrial and aquatic environments,and its potential health hazards are of widespread concern.This review examined the intricate relationship between animal exposure to MPs and their health effects,revealing that MP contamination affects a broad spectrum of animal species across terrestrial and aquatic habitats.Crucially,interspecies differences in ingestion,accumulation,and responses to MPs emerge as central themes arising from various factors,including feeding behavior,physiology,and ecological niches.The health implications of MP exposure are multifarious;animals may suffer physical harm,endure chemical exposure to adsorbed contaminants,provoke inflammatory responses,and undergo behavioral modifi-cations.Chronic exposure to MPs raises concerns about their long-term health consequences,and the ability of MPs to adsorb and transport chemicals has implications for the bioaccumulation of pollutants within food webs.The ecological ramifications of MP contamination are profound,impacting animal behavior,population dynamics,and ecosystem processes.The intricate interplay between animals and MPs underscores the need for interdisciplinary research that unites fields such as biology,ecology,chemistry,and toxicology.Recognizing the relationship between animal exposure to MPs and their health effects has significant implications,particularly as the potential for MPs to enter the human food chain through animals underscores the need for research on human health risks.
文摘The adverse environmental effects of mine tailings disposal on the surrounding ecosystems are world-wide environmental problems.Due to environmental issues related to tailings discharged on land surface,detailed tailings characterization is a prerequisite for a long-term management solution.The tailings from four gold mines in Egypt,namely Fatira,El Sid,Barramiya,and Atud were investigated for their geochemical-mineralogical features and the effect of weathering behavior on the release of their heavy elements.The tailings samples were investigated by mineralogical(XRD and ESEM-EDS),physical(grain-size distribution)and geochemical(XRF)techniques.Most of the tailings have uniform silt-size with fine to very finesand and clay.Atud tailings have coarse to fine sands.High carbonate,predominantly calcite was found for the samples from Fatira and Atud,calcite-ankerite from El Sid and dolomite from Barramiya with little sulfide-content.High-mean of Cr(569287 mg/kg),Ni(89191 mg/kg)and Co(4221 mg/kg)values are coinciding with the ultramafic nature in Atud and Barramiya tailings.El Sid tailings have a high-mean concentration of Zn(1357 mg/kg)and Pb(1349 mg/kg).Barramiya tailings have a high-mean As concentration(2635 mg/kg).The Fatira tailings are characterized by high-mean values of Sr(444 mg/kg)and Cu(280 mg/kg)arising from auriferous mineralization.High Sr concentrations in Fatira tailings are mainly due to its adsorption to iron oxides.Pyrite oxidation is conceded along the cracks and/or the edges of the crystals in the El Sid,Barramiya and Atud tailings.The Threshold Effect Level(TEL)values indicated high contamination from heavy elements to the neighboring ecosystem.The tailings were deposited downstream into the small wadis.Wind and water erosion can dissolve efflorescent materials enriched in toxic elements like As,Zn,and Pb at tailings surface.The release of contaminants could be catastrophic for the environment without mine site rehabilitation strategies.
