Objective:To analyze and review the overall seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) infection in cattle from Iran.Methods:In the current study,data collection(published and unpublished papers,abstracts of n...Objective:To analyze and review the overall seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) infection in cattle from Iran.Methods:In the current study,data collection(published and unpublished papers,abstracts of national scientific congresses and dissertations) using particular terms was carried out systematically on the following electronic databases like PubMed,Google Scholar,Ebsco,Science Direct,Scopus,Magiran,Irandoc,IranMedex and SID(Scientific Information Database).Results:A total of 22 studies since 1983 to 2012 reporting the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in cattle from different regions of Iran met our eligibility criteria.The pooled proportion of toxoplasmosis,using random effect model,among cattle in Iran from over the 30-year period was estimated 18.1%(95%CI:9.9%to 28.2%).Conclusions:This study firstly establishes a crude seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma infection in cattle which can lead us to understand the condition of eattle toxoplasmosis,which have to take into accounted fur an appropriate and effective prevention and controls.Secondly,it compares and discusses elaborately the role of risk factors including sex,age and breed in the epidemiology of the disease.Thus,it determines gaps and drawbacks in the prior studies which are greatly useful to design more accurate investigations in the future.展开更多
The efficacy of first-and second-line Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication regimens varies considerably in West Asian countries,mainly due to the variable prevalence of resistant organisms.However,no review articl...The efficacy of first-and second-line Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication regimens varies considerably in West Asian countries,mainly due to the variable prevalence of resistant organisms.However,no review article has yet evaluated and compared the efficacy of different regimens among different countries of this region.Therefore,we conducted a review to select the best options and provide recommendations for H.pylori treatment in this geographic region.A search through PubMed was carried out to obtain relevant randomized clinical trials published in English language up to June2013.According to the results,among different therapeutic regimens used as the first-line protocols,10-d Bismuth-Furazolidone/Metronidazole quadruple therapy,14-d Clarithromycin-containing hybrid therapy and 14-d quadruple therapy including a proton pump inhibitor +Bismuth+Tetracycline(500 mg QID)+Metronidazole(500 mg TDS)seemed to be appropriate options.Among second-line therapeutic regimens,Bismuthbased quadruple therapies containing Tetracycline and Furazolidone/Metronidazole,triple therapy containing Amoxicillin and Gatifloxacin and Quadruple therapy including Bismuth+Azithromycin and Ofloxacin seemed to be effective options.Third-line therapies were not evaluated in West Asia;most guidelines,however,recommend choosing optimal eradication regimen according to the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of H.pylori.Although we limited our investigation to H.pylori eradication regimens in West Asia,the clinical significance of the results goes beyond the countries situated in this geographic region.In fact,the results are transferrable to any region as long as the patterns of resistance are the same.展开更多
基金financial support from Deputy of Research Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,Sari.Iran.(Grant number:92-463)
文摘Objective:To analyze and review the overall seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) infection in cattle from Iran.Methods:In the current study,data collection(published and unpublished papers,abstracts of national scientific congresses and dissertations) using particular terms was carried out systematically on the following electronic databases like PubMed,Google Scholar,Ebsco,Science Direct,Scopus,Magiran,Irandoc,IranMedex and SID(Scientific Information Database).Results:A total of 22 studies since 1983 to 2012 reporting the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in cattle from different regions of Iran met our eligibility criteria.The pooled proportion of toxoplasmosis,using random effect model,among cattle in Iran from over the 30-year period was estimated 18.1%(95%CI:9.9%to 28.2%).Conclusions:This study firstly establishes a crude seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma infection in cattle which can lead us to understand the condition of eattle toxoplasmosis,which have to take into accounted fur an appropriate and effective prevention and controls.Secondly,it compares and discusses elaborately the role of risk factors including sex,age and breed in the epidemiology of the disease.Thus,it determines gaps and drawbacks in the prior studies which are greatly useful to design more accurate investigations in the future.
文摘The efficacy of first-and second-line Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)eradication regimens varies considerably in West Asian countries,mainly due to the variable prevalence of resistant organisms.However,no review article has yet evaluated and compared the efficacy of different regimens among different countries of this region.Therefore,we conducted a review to select the best options and provide recommendations for H.pylori treatment in this geographic region.A search through PubMed was carried out to obtain relevant randomized clinical trials published in English language up to June2013.According to the results,among different therapeutic regimens used as the first-line protocols,10-d Bismuth-Furazolidone/Metronidazole quadruple therapy,14-d Clarithromycin-containing hybrid therapy and 14-d quadruple therapy including a proton pump inhibitor +Bismuth+Tetracycline(500 mg QID)+Metronidazole(500 mg TDS)seemed to be appropriate options.Among second-line therapeutic regimens,Bismuthbased quadruple therapies containing Tetracycline and Furazolidone/Metronidazole,triple therapy containing Amoxicillin and Gatifloxacin and Quadruple therapy including Bismuth+Azithromycin and Ofloxacin seemed to be effective options.Third-line therapies were not evaluated in West Asia;most guidelines,however,recommend choosing optimal eradication regimen according to the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of H.pylori.Although we limited our investigation to H.pylori eradication regimens in West Asia,the clinical significance of the results goes beyond the countries situated in this geographic region.In fact,the results are transferrable to any region as long as the patterns of resistance are the same.
