With the rapid advancement of science and technology,along with an increasing global focus on space exploration,there is a growing concern for addressing friction and wear issues in surface coatings for components ope...With the rapid advancement of science and technology,along with an increasing global focus on space exploration,there is a growing concern for addressing friction and wear issues in surface coatings for components operating in high-temperature environments within the aerospace sector.However,typical high-temperature coatings currently face challenges in effectively integrating excellent oxidation resistance,wear resistance,and lubrication properties in high-temperature settings.Studies have demonstrated the significant potential of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides(TMDCs)as lubricant additives in high-temperature lubrication,attributable to their distinctive crystal structures.Thus,this review concentrates on the compositional design of individual MX_(2)-type(M=W,Mo,Nb,Ta;X=S,Se)TMDCs(molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)),tungsten disulfide(WS2),niobium diselenide(NbSe_(2)),molybdenum diselenide(MoSe_(2)),tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2)))and their composites,including inorganic oxygen-containing sulfides,and explores the utilization of TMDCs in self-lubricating coatings.Furthermore,conventional preparation methods(mechanical exfoliation,liquid-phase ultrasonic exfoliation,chemical vapour deposition)for synthesizing TMDCs are outlined.Finally,an analysis of the lubrication mechanism of MX_(2)-type TMDCs is provided,along with future directions for enhancing the high-temperature lubrication performance of composite coatings.展开更多
Efficient and selective oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts are critical to realizing decentralized H_(2)O_(2)production and utilization.Here we demonstrate a facile interfacial engineering strategy using a...Efficient and selective oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts are critical to realizing decentralized H_(2)O_(2)production and utilization.Here we demonstrate a facile interfacial engineering strategy using a hydrophobic ionic liquid(IL,i.e.,[BMIM][NTF2])to boost the performance of a nitrogen coordinated single atom cobalt catalyst(i.e.),cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPc)supported on carbon nanotubes(CNTs).We find a strong correlation between the ORR performance of CoPc/CNT and the thickness of its IL coatings.Detailed characterization revealed that a higher O_(2)solubility(2.12×10^(−3)mol/L)in the IL compared to aqueous electrolytes provides a local O2 enriched surface layer near active catalytic sites,enhancing the ORR thermodynamics.Further,the hydrophobic IL can efficiently repel the as‐synthesized H_(2)O_(2)molecules from the catalyst surface,preventing their fast decomposition to H_(2)O,resulting in improved H_(2)O_(2)selectivity.Compared to CoPc/CNT without IL coatings,the catalyst with an optimal~8 nm IL coating can deliver a nearly 4 times higher mass specific kinetic current density and 12.5%higher H2O2 selectivity up to 92%.In a two‐electrode electrolyzer test,the optimal catalyst exhibits an enhanced productivity of 3.71 molH2O2 gcat^(–1)h^(–1),and robust stability.This IL‐based interfacial engineering strategy may also be extended to many other electrochemical reactions by carefully tailoring the thickness and hydrophobicity of IL coatings.展开更多
Donkey milk has a variety of physiological functions, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Donkey whey proteins(DWPs), as the main functional component in donkey milk, its inhibitory effect on colitis is sti...Donkey milk has a variety of physiological functions, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Donkey whey proteins(DWPs), as the main functional component in donkey milk, its inhibitory effect on colitis is still unclear. In this study, the inhibitory effect and potential mechanism of DWPs on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis were investigated. Firstly, the DWPs and bovine milk whey proteins(BWPs)were characterized using proteomics. Then, we administered DWPs and BWPs to mice with colitis via oral gavage. The results of immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry indicated that DWPs increased T regulatory cell accumulation and increased the abundance of the cluster of differentiation 205+(CD205+)macrophages compared to those with BWPs and in model groups. In addition, DWPs exhibited a more remarkable ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory proteins(S100A8, TRAF6, and NF-κB)expression and inflammatory secretion than BWPs. In addition, DWPs significantly decreased NF-κB and CD86 levels more than BWPs or the negative control in both LPS-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cell lines. These findings indicate that DWPs comprise a promising anti-colitis functional food, and this work has established a foundation for future research on these compounds.展开更多
Maliciously manufactured user profiles are often generated in batch for shilling attacks.These profiles may bring in a lot of quality problems but not worthy to be repaired.Since repairing data always be expensive,we ...Maliciously manufactured user profiles are often generated in batch for shilling attacks.These profiles may bring in a lot of quality problems but not worthy to be repaired.Since repairing data always be expensive,we need to scrutinize the data and pick out the data that really deserves to be repaired.In this paper,we focus on how to distinguish the unintentional data quality problems from the batch generated fake users for shilling attacks.A two-steps framework named DPIF is proposed for the distinguishment.Based on the framework,the metrics of homology and suspicious degree are proposed.The homology can be used to represent both the similarities of text and the data quality problems contained by different profiles.The suspicious degree can be used to identify potential attacks.The experiments on real-life data verified that the proposed framework and the corresponding metrics are effective.展开更多
The security issues of industrial control systems(ICSs)have become increasingly prevalent.As an important part of ICS security,honeypots and anti-honeypots have become the focus of offensive and defensive confrontatio...The security issues of industrial control systems(ICSs)have become increasingly prevalent.As an important part of ICS security,honeypots and anti-honeypots have become the focus of offensive and defensive confrontation.However,research on ICS honeypots still lacks breakthroughs,and it is difficult to simulate real ICS devices perfectly.In this paper,we studied ICS honeypots to identify and address their weaknesses.First,an intelligent honeypot identification framework is proposed,based on which feature data type requirements and feature data acquisition for honeypot identification is studied.Inspired by vulnerability mining,we propose a feature acquisition approach based on lightweight fuzz testing,which utilizes the differences in error handling between the ICS device and the ICS honeypot.By combining the proposed method with common feature acquisition approaches,the integrated feature data can be obtained.The experimental results show that the feature data acquired is effective for honeypot identification.展开更多
The observation vectors in traditional coarse alignment contain random noise caused by the errors of inertial instruments,which will slow down the convergence rate.To solve the above problem,a real-time noise reductio...The observation vectors in traditional coarse alignment contain random noise caused by the errors of inertial instruments,which will slow down the convergence rate.To solve the above problem,a real-time noise reduction method,sliding fixed-interval least squares(SFI-LS),is devised to depress the noise in the observation vectors.In this paper,the least square method,improved by a sliding fixed-interval approach,is applied for the real-time noise reduction.In order to achieve a better-performed coarse alignment,the proposed method is utilized to de-noise the random noise in observation vectors.First,the principles of proposed SFI-LS algorithm and coarse alignment are devised.A simulation test and turntable experiment were executed to demonstrate the availability of the designed method.It is indicated that,from the results of the simulation and turntable tests,the designed algorithm can effectively reduce the random noise in observation vectors.Therefore,the proposed method can enhance the performance of coarse alignment availably.展开更多
Quasi-two-dimensional perovskites,with spectral tuning property,have opened up vast application prospects in the field of optoelectronic devices,especially in blue perovskite light-emitting diode(PeLED).However,relati...Quasi-two-dimensional perovskites,with spectral tuning property,have opened up vast application prospects in the field of optoelectronic devices,especially in blue perovskite light-emitting diode(PeLED).However,relatively high density of defect states usually results in nonradiative recombination loss due to unexpected carriers capture at prolonged transport,which limits high-performance PeLED.Here,we propose a method for preparing pure-blue PeLED using bifunctional amide molecules to modulate crystallization kinetics.This strategy inhibits the formation of the n=1 phase and simultaneously passivates defects with the bifunctional groups,thereby reducing the occurrence of nonradiative recombination.The external quantum efficiency of the pure-blue PeLED fabricated using this strategy is significantly enhanced,reaching 9.7% at 478 nm,which is about 7 times higher than that of the control device.This work provides a novel strategy on the selection of bifunctional passivators for perovskites.展开更多
Recommender systems are very useful for people to explore what they really need.Academic papers are important achievements for researchers and they often have a great deal of choice to submit their papers.In order to ...Recommender systems are very useful for people to explore what they really need.Academic papers are important achievements for researchers and they often have a great deal of choice to submit their papers.In order to improve the efficiency of selecting the most suitable journals for publishing their works,journal recommender systems(JRS)can automatically provide a small number of candidate journals based on key information such as the title and the abstract.However,users or journal owners may attack the system for their own purposes.In this paper,we discuss about the adversarial attacks against content-based filtering JRS.We propose both targeted attack method that makes some target journals appear more often in the system and non-targeted attack method that makes the system provide incorrect recommendations.We also conduct extensive experiments to validate the proposed methods.We hope this paper could help improve JRS by realizing the existence of such adversarial attacks.展开更多
In real-world many internet-based service companies need to closely monitor large amounts of data in order to ensure stable operation of their business.However,anomaly detection for these data with various patterns an...In real-world many internet-based service companies need to closely monitor large amounts of data in order to ensure stable operation of their business.However,anomaly detection for these data with various patterns and data quality has been a great challenge,especially without labels.In this paper,we adopt an anomaly detection algorithm based on Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)Network in terms of reconstructing KPIs and predicting KPIs.They use the reconstruction error and prediction error respectively as the criteria for judging anomalies,and we test our method with real data from a company in the insurance industry and achieved good performance.展开更多
With the evolution of location-based services(LBS),a new type of LBS has already gain a lot of attention and implementation,we name this kind of LBS as the Device-Dependent LBS(DLBS).In DLBS,the service provider(SP)wi...With the evolution of location-based services(LBS),a new type of LBS has already gain a lot of attention and implementation,we name this kind of LBS as the Device-Dependent LBS(DLBS).In DLBS,the service provider(SP)will not only send the information according to the user’s location,more significant,he also provides a service device which will be carried by the user.DLBS has been successfully practised in some of the large cities around the world,for example,the shared bicycle in Beijing and London.In this paper,we,for the first time,blow the whistle of the new location privacy challenges caused by DLBS,since the service device is enabled to perform the localization without the permission of the user.To conquer these threats,we design a service architecture along with a credit system between DLBS provider and the user.The credit system tie together the DLBS device usability with the curious behaviour upon user’s location privacy,DLBS provider has to sacrifice their revenue in order to gain extra location information of their device.We make the simulation of our proposed scheme and the result convince its effectiveness.展开更多
A key aspect of Knowledge fusion is Entity Matching.The objective of this study was to investigate how to identify heterogeneous expressions of the same real-world entity.In recent years,some representative works have...A key aspect of Knowledge fusion is Entity Matching.The objective of this study was to investigate how to identify heterogeneous expressions of the same real-world entity.In recent years,some representative works have used deep learning methods for entity matching,and these methods have achieved good results.However,the common limitation of these methods is that they assume that different attribute columns of the same entity are independent,and inputting the model in the form of paired entity records will cause repeated calculations.In fact,there are often potential relations between different attribute columns of different entities.These relations can help us improve the effect of entity matching,and can perform feature extraction on a single entity record to avoid repeated calculations.To use attribute relations to assist entity matching,this paper proposes the Relation-aware Entity Matching method,which embeds attribute relations into the original entity description to form sentences,so that entity matching is transformed into a sentence-level similarity determination task,based on Sentence-BERT completes sentence similarity calculation.We have conducted experiments on structured,dirty,and textual data,and compared them with baselines in recent years.Experimental results show that the use of relational embedding is helpful for entity matching on structured and dirty data.Our method has good results on most data sets for entity matching and reduces repeated calculations.展开更多
BGP monitors are currently the main data resource of AS-level topology measurement,and the integrity of measurement result is limited to the location of such BGP monitors.However,there is currently no work to conduct ...BGP monitors are currently the main data resource of AS-level topology measurement,and the integrity of measurement result is limited to the location of such BGP monitors.However,there is currently no work to conduct a comprehensive study of the range of measurement results for a single BGP monitor.In this paper,we take the first step to describe the observed topology of each BGP monitor.To that end,we first investigate the construction and theoretical up-limit of the measured topology of a BGP monitor based on the valley-free model,then we evaluate the individual parts of the measured topology by comparing such theoretical results with the actually observed data.We find that:1)for more than 90%of the monitors,the actually observed peer-peer links merely takes a small part of all theoretical visible links;2)increasing the BGP monitors in the same AS may improve the measurement result,but with limited improvement;and 3)deploying multiple BGP monitors in different ASs can significantly improve the measurement results,but non-local BGP monitors can hardly replace the local AS BGP monitors.We also propose a metric for monitor selection optimization,and prove its effectiveness with experiment evaluation.展开更多
This study aimed to analyze and compare the differentially expressed whey proteins(DEWPs)of donkey and bovine colostrum using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics.A tot...This study aimed to analyze and compare the differentially expressed whey proteins(DEWPs)of donkey and bovine colostrum using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics.A total of 620 and 696 whey proteins were characterized in the donkey and bovine colostrum,respectively,including 383 common whey proteins.Among these common proteins,80 were identified as DEWPs,including 21 upregulated and 59 downregulated DEWPs in donkey colostrum compared to bovine colostrum.Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these DEWPs were mainly related to cellular components,such as extracellular exosome,plasma membrane,and mitochondrion;biological processes,such as oxidation-reduction process,cell-cell adhesion,and small guanosine triphosphate(GTP)ase-mediated signal transduction;and molecular functions,such as GTP binding,GTPase activity,and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor(NSF)attachment protein receptor activity.Metabolic pathway analysis suggested that the majority of the DEWPs were associated with soluble NSF factor attachment protein receptor interactions in vesicular transport,fatty acid biosynthesis,and estrogen signaling pathways.Our results provide a vital insight into the differences between donkey and bovine colostrum,along with important information on the significant components as nutritional and functional factors to be included in infant formula based on multiple milk sources.展开更多
Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental healt...Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental health education and psychological intervention.Methods.A total of 263 senior three students were randomly selected from a general school and two key school in Haidian District of Beijing.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Mental Health Scale for Chinese Middle School Students(MSSMHS).Results.Of the 260 students surveyed,54.2%had mental health problems,36.5%had mild problems,8.8%had moderate problems,and 0.5%had slightly and deeply serious problems.The first three factors about examined rates of factors of mental health were anxiety,learning and interpersonal relationship.The detection rates accounted for 23.5%,23.1%and 18.8%respectively.There was no significant difference in the scores of each factor between key and ordinary middle school students(P>0.05).The scores of interpersonal,depression,anxiety and emotional factors of middle school girls were higher than those of boys,with statistical significance(P<0.05)?Conclusion.There are some mental health problems among senior students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Beijing,and female students9 are serious.Schools,families and societies should pay attention to this problem and strengthen mental health education with a focused goal.展开更多
Recent investigations into the mechanisms underlying inflammation have highlighted the pivotal role of immune cells in regulating cardiac pathophysiology.Notably,these immune cells modulate cardiac processes through a...Recent investigations into the mechanisms underlying inflammation have highlighted the pivotal role of immune cells in regulating cardiac pathophysiology.Notably,these immune cells modulate cardiac processes through alternations in intracellular metabolism,including glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation,whereas the extracellular metabolic environment is changed during cardiovascular disease,influencing function of immune cells.This dynamic interaction between immune cells and their metabolic environment has given rise to the novel concept of“immune metabolism”.Consequently,both the extracellular and intracellular metabolic environment modulate the equilibrium between anti-and pro-inflammatory responses.This regulatory mechanism subsequently influences the processes of myocardial ischemia,cardiac fibrosis,and cardiac remodeling,ultimately leading to a series of cardiovascular events.This review examines how local microenvironmental and systemic environmental changes induce metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and explores the subsequent effects of aberrant activation or polarization of immune cells in the progression of cardiovascular disease.Finally,we discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism to counteract abnormal immune activation.展开更多
In this study,polysaccharides from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold and Zucc.leaves(ZLPs)were obtained through five extraction methods:hot water extraction(HWE-CPS),ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE-CPS),enzymatic ex...In this study,polysaccharides from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold and Zucc.leaves(ZLPs)were obtained through five extraction methods:hot water extraction(HWE-CPS),ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE-CPS),enzymatic extraction(EAE-CPS),microwave-assisted extraction(MAE-CPS),and microwave-enzyme co-assisted extraction(MA-EAE-CPS).Structural analysis showed that ZLPs consist mainly of galacturonic acid(30.34 mol%-34.24 mol%)and galactose(33.94 mol%-37.59 mol%),with molecular weights(Mw)ranging from 1648 to 3859 kDa.Ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced the Mw.All the ZLPs resisted degradation under simulated gastrointestinal conditions,with UAE-CPS exhibiting the strongest resistance and EAE-CPS the weakest.The prebiotic potentials of HWE-CPS,UAE-CPS,and MA-EAE-CPS were assessed by in vitro colonic fermentation.After 48 h,all the samples were extensively degraded,and the microbial composition(pH declined to 6.13,5.58,and 5.50)led to a significant increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Proteobacteria.Fermentation also elevated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,with UAE-CPS yielding the highest total SCFAs concentration(42.42 mmol/L).Correlation analysis indicated that the ratio of the RG-I domain was positively correlated with the abundance of certain beneficial microorganisms and the production of SCFAs.These findings provide valuable insights into polysaccharide extraction from plant leaves and provide a reference for the application of ZLPs as functional prebiotic ingredients.展开更多
Environmental conditions are the crucial factors that influence the flavor of dajiang.This study aimed to explore the association between microorganisms and flavor substances of Liaoning dajiang prepared under differe...Environmental conditions are the crucial factors that influence the flavor of dajiang.This study aimed to explore the association between microorganisms and flavor substances of Liaoning dajiang prepared under different environmental conditions.This study used physicochemical analyses,HS-SPME-GC-MS(headspace solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry),and high-throughput sequencing to explore the physicochemical properties,volatile flavor profiles,and microbial communities of dajiang of Liaoning.The re-sults revealed that the volatile flavor substances and microbiota of dajiang from the four regions exhibited different degrees of variations.The four volatile flavor substances(including 1-octen-3-ol,benzeneacetaldehyde,octanoic acid and styrene)and three microorganisms(including Lactobacillus renini,Sterigmatomyces halophilus and Sporosarcina spp.)were the key differential volatile flavor markers and biomarkers of dajiang from different regions,respectively.Furthermore,DMMP(differential between maximum and minimum pressure)and reducing sugar content were the key factors affecting bacterial community composition,while the days of rainfall and TA(titratable acidity)were the key factors influencing fungal community composition.The association analysis demonstrated that Staphylococcus,Bacillus,Leuconostoc,Corynebacterium,Microascus,Aspergillus,and Debar-ymyces were responsible for the formation of characteristic flavor in Liaoning dajiang.This study will greatly help us understand the regional characteristics of dajiang and the potential role of environmental factors in flavor profiles mediated by microbes and lay the foundation for producing high-quality dajiang.展开更多
Almond protein(AP)and whey protein(WP)as single animal and plant proteins have certain limitations in nutrition,but the AP-WP dual protein can play a role in nutritional complementarity,and have a certain reg-ulatory ...Almond protein(AP)and whey protein(WP)as single animal and plant proteins have certain limitations in nutrition,but the AP-WP dual protein can play a role in nutritional complementarity,and have a certain reg-ulatory effect on lipid metabolism.This study investigated the amino acid composition of AP-WP system and its effect on FFA induced lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells.Results showed that,using the FAO/WHO model and whole egg protein model as reference values for essential amino acid content,the optimal mixing ratio of AP-WP was determined to be 3:5.The amino acid ratio coefficient scores under this ratio were 74.20 and 81.57 for the two models respectively.Additionally,this ratio of AP-WP showed the best antioxidant activity.The FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that there is interaction between AP and WP.The study found that AP-WP improved oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells by reducing ROS and TG levels.Western blot analysis showed that AP-WP inhibits the expression of SREBP-1,FAS,and ACC,regulating lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells and leading to a certain lipid-lowering effect.The combination of almond protein and whey protein can improve the nutritional value of food and give full play to the physiological regulation of different proteins to promote human health.The research aims to lay the theoretical foundation for the application of double-protein system in the fields of nutritional food processing and lipid metabolism regulation.展开更多
Generally,yogurts on the market are usually anaerobic fermentation,but oxygen can be still dissolved in the production process,which is actually not strict anaerobic.This study explored the multiple quality indicators...Generally,yogurts on the market are usually anaerobic fermentation,but oxygen can be still dissolved in the production process,which is actually not strict anaerobic.This study explored the multiple quality indicators and the metabolomic analysis of yogurts fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus using two fermentation methods,namely,strict anaerobic and normal fermentation.The changes in flavor substances in yogurts,including 17 free amino acids,17 fatty acids,and 7 response value,were detected using principal component and multi factor analyses.Based on the results of the comparisons between basic physical and chemical indicators,strict anaerobic fermentation increased the growth and acidification of the two bacteria,the response value of sourness,umami and richness.Strict anaerobic fermentation increased the free amino acid(Fold change=1.53)and short chain fatty acid levels(Fold change=1.73),and reduced the polyunsaturated fatty acid(Fold change=0.51)levels.Furthermore,metabolomic analysis based on UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS showed that 92 differential metabolites were screened;45 differential metabolites were increased and 47 were decreased.The results revealed that strict anaerobic fermentation was beneficial to metabolic changes and nutritional indicators of yogurt,which may be as indicators of valuable reference to improve dairy fermentation process.展开更多
Besides peripheral nerve injury,the acute inflammation is one of the pathological features of tissues after surgery,which exacerbates the postoperative pain,especially in the first 48 h after the surgery.Multimodal an...Besides peripheral nerve injury,the acute inflammation is one of the pathological features of tissues after surgery,which exacerbates the postoperative pain,especially in the first 48 h after the surgery.Multimodal analgesia(MMA),such as the combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)with local anesthetics,has shown enhanced potency compared with the usage of local anesthetics alone.However,rare formulations can provide long-term analgesia at a single dose.Herein,bupivacaine(BUP,a local anesthetic)loading poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles(NPB)were coated with meloxicam(MLX,an NSAID)loading lipid bilayer(LPM),forming a core–shell nanosystem(NPB@LPM)to provide enhanced and long-term analgesia to treat postoperative pain.MLX was encapsulated in the lipid shell,which enabled high dose MLX to be released in the first 48 h after surgery to reduce the acute inflammation induced pain.BUP was encapsulated in the PLGA core to provide a long-term release for the nerve block.This nanosystem provided a 7-day(whole recovery cycle)effective analgesia in the Brennan’s plantar incision rat model.The tissue reactions of NPB@LPM are benign.This work will provide feasible strategies on designing drug delivery systems for postoperative pain management.展开更多
文摘With the rapid advancement of science and technology,along with an increasing global focus on space exploration,there is a growing concern for addressing friction and wear issues in surface coatings for components operating in high-temperature environments within the aerospace sector.However,typical high-temperature coatings currently face challenges in effectively integrating excellent oxidation resistance,wear resistance,and lubrication properties in high-temperature settings.Studies have demonstrated the significant potential of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides(TMDCs)as lubricant additives in high-temperature lubrication,attributable to their distinctive crystal structures.Thus,this review concentrates on the compositional design of individual MX_(2)-type(M=W,Mo,Nb,Ta;X=S,Se)TMDCs(molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2)),tungsten disulfide(WS2),niobium diselenide(NbSe_(2)),molybdenum diselenide(MoSe_(2)),tungsten diselenide(WSe_(2)))and their composites,including inorganic oxygen-containing sulfides,and explores the utilization of TMDCs in self-lubricating coatings.Furthermore,conventional preparation methods(mechanical exfoliation,liquid-phase ultrasonic exfoliation,chemical vapour deposition)for synthesizing TMDCs are outlined.Finally,an analysis of the lubrication mechanism of MX_(2)-type TMDCs is provided,along with future directions for enhancing the high-temperature lubrication performance of composite coatings.
文摘Efficient and selective oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts are critical to realizing decentralized H_(2)O_(2)production and utilization.Here we demonstrate a facile interfacial engineering strategy using a hydrophobic ionic liquid(IL,i.e.,[BMIM][NTF2])to boost the performance of a nitrogen coordinated single atom cobalt catalyst(i.e.),cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPc)supported on carbon nanotubes(CNTs).We find a strong correlation between the ORR performance of CoPc/CNT and the thickness of its IL coatings.Detailed characterization revealed that a higher O_(2)solubility(2.12×10^(−3)mol/L)in the IL compared to aqueous electrolytes provides a local O2 enriched surface layer near active catalytic sites,enhancing the ORR thermodynamics.Further,the hydrophobic IL can efficiently repel the as‐synthesized H_(2)O_(2)molecules from the catalyst surface,preventing their fast decomposition to H_(2)O,resulting in improved H_(2)O_(2)selectivity.Compared to CoPc/CNT without IL coatings,the catalyst with an optimal~8 nm IL coating can deliver a nearly 4 times higher mass specific kinetic current density and 12.5%higher H2O2 selectivity up to 92%.In a two‐electrode electrolyzer test,the optimal catalyst exhibits an enhanced productivity of 3.71 molH2O2 gcat^(–1)h^(–1),and robust stability.This IL‐based interfacial engineering strategy may also be extended to many other electrochemical reactions by carefully tailoring the thickness and hydrophobicity of IL coatings.
基金supported by The National Key R & D Program of China (2018YFC1604302)The 12th Five-Year National Science and Technology Plan Project of China (2013BAD18B03)+3 种基金Chinese Scholarship Council (202008210391)Shenyang Technological Innovation Project (Y17-0-028)Liao Ning Revitalization Talents Project (XLYC1902083)Postgraduate Innovation and Cultivation Project of Shenyang Agricultural University (2021YCXB04)。
文摘Donkey milk has a variety of physiological functions, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. Donkey whey proteins(DWPs), as the main functional component in donkey milk, its inhibitory effect on colitis is still unclear. In this study, the inhibitory effect and potential mechanism of DWPs on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis were investigated. Firstly, the DWPs and bovine milk whey proteins(BWPs)were characterized using proteomics. Then, we administered DWPs and BWPs to mice with colitis via oral gavage. The results of immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry indicated that DWPs increased T regulatory cell accumulation and increased the abundance of the cluster of differentiation 205+(CD205+)macrophages compared to those with BWPs and in model groups. In addition, DWPs exhibited a more remarkable ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory proteins(S100A8, TRAF6, and NF-κB)expression and inflammatory secretion than BWPs. In addition, DWPs significantly decreased NF-κB and CD86 levels more than BWPs or the negative control in both LPS-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cell lines. These findings indicate that DWPs comprise a promising anti-colitis functional food, and this work has established a foundation for future research on these compounds.
基金The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61702220,61702223,61871140,61572153,61572492,U1636215)the National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant Nos.2018YEB1004003,2018YFB0803504).
文摘Maliciously manufactured user profiles are often generated in batch for shilling attacks.These profiles may bring in a lot of quality problems but not worthy to be repaired.Since repairing data always be expensive,we need to scrutinize the data and pick out the data that really deserves to be repaired.In this paper,we focus on how to distinguish the unintentional data quality problems from the batch generated fake users for shilling attacks.A two-steps framework named DPIF is proposed for the distinguishment.Based on the framework,the metrics of homology and suspicious degree are proposed.The homology can be used to represent both the similarities of text and the data quality problems contained by different profiles.The suspicious degree can be used to identify potential attacks.The experiments on real-life data verified that the proposed framework and the corresponding metrics are effective.
基金This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2018YFB0803504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61702223,61702220,61871140,61872420,61602210,U1636215)+6 种基金the Guangdong Province Key Area R&D Program of China(No.2019B010137004,2019B010136001)the Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2019)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515010450)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong(2017A040405029,2018KTSCX016,2019A050510024)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(201902010041)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(21617408,21619404)the Opening Project of Shanghai Trusted Industrial Control Platform(TICPSH202003014-ZC).
文摘The security issues of industrial control systems(ICSs)have become increasingly prevalent.As an important part of ICS security,honeypots and anti-honeypots have become the focus of offensive and defensive confrontation.However,research on ICS honeypots still lacks breakthroughs,and it is difficult to simulate real ICS devices perfectly.In this paper,we studied ICS honeypots to identify and address their weaknesses.First,an intelligent honeypot identification framework is proposed,based on which feature data type requirements and feature data acquisition for honeypot identification is studied.Inspired by vulnerability mining,we propose a feature acquisition approach based on lightweight fuzz testing,which utilizes the differences in error handling between the ICS device and the ICS honeypot.By combining the proposed method with common feature acquisition approaches,the integrated feature data can be obtained.The experimental results show that the feature data acquired is effective for honeypot identification.
基金This work was supported in part by the Inertial Technology Key Lab Fund 614250607011709in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2242018K40065,2242018K40066in part by the Foundation of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location Based Services,Key Laboratory Fund for Underwater Information and Control 614221805051809.
文摘The observation vectors in traditional coarse alignment contain random noise caused by the errors of inertial instruments,which will slow down the convergence rate.To solve the above problem,a real-time noise reduction method,sliding fixed-interval least squares(SFI-LS),is devised to depress the noise in the observation vectors.In this paper,the least square method,improved by a sliding fixed-interval approach,is applied for the real-time noise reduction.In order to achieve a better-performed coarse alignment,the proposed method is utilized to de-noise the random noise in observation vectors.First,the principles of proposed SFI-LS algorithm and coarse alignment are devised.A simulation test and turntable experiment were executed to demonstrate the availability of the designed method.It is indicated that,from the results of the simulation and turntable tests,the designed algorithm can effectively reduce the random noise in observation vectors.Therefore,the proposed method can enhance the performance of coarse alignment availably.
基金the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C01193)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171145 and 52102293)the Graduate Scientific Research Foundation of Wenzhou University.
文摘Quasi-two-dimensional perovskites,with spectral tuning property,have opened up vast application prospects in the field of optoelectronic devices,especially in blue perovskite light-emitting diode(PeLED).However,relatively high density of defect states usually results in nonradiative recombination loss due to unexpected carriers capture at prolonged transport,which limits high-performance PeLED.Here,we propose a method for preparing pure-blue PeLED using bifunctional amide molecules to modulate crystallization kinetics.This strategy inhibits the formation of the n=1 phase and simultaneously passivates defects with the bifunctional groups,thereby reducing the occurrence of nonradiative recombination.The external quantum efficiency of the pure-blue PeLED fabricated using this strategy is significantly enhanced,reaching 9.7% at 478 nm,which is about 7 times higher than that of the control device.This work provides a novel strategy on the selection of bifunctional passivators for perovskites.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U1636215,61902082the Guangdong Key R&D Program of China 2019B010136003Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2019).
文摘Recommender systems are very useful for people to explore what they really need.Academic papers are important achievements for researchers and they often have a great deal of choice to submit their papers.In order to improve the efficiency of selecting the most suitable journals for publishing their works,journal recommender systems(JRS)can automatically provide a small number of candidate journals based on key information such as the title and the abstract.However,users or journal owners may attack the system for their own purposes.In this paper,we discuss about the adversarial attacks against content-based filtering JRS.We propose both targeted attack method that makes some target journals appear more often in the system and non-targeted attack method that makes the system provide incorrect recommendations.We also conduct extensive experiments to validate the proposed methods.We hope this paper could help improve JRS by realizing the existence of such adversarial attacks.
文摘In real-world many internet-based service companies need to closely monitor large amounts of data in order to ensure stable operation of their business.However,anomaly detection for these data with various patterns and data quality has been a great challenge,especially without labels.In this paper,we adopt an anomaly detection algorithm based on Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)Network in terms of reconstructing KPIs and predicting KPIs.They use the reconstruction error and prediction error respectively as the criteria for judging anomalies,and we test our method with real data from a company in the insurance industry and achieved good performance.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61871140,61702223,61702220,61572153,61723022,61601146)and the National Key research and Development Plan(Grant No.2018YFB0803504,2017YFB0803300).
文摘With the evolution of location-based services(LBS),a new type of LBS has already gain a lot of attention and implementation,we name this kind of LBS as the Device-Dependent LBS(DLBS).In DLBS,the service provider(SP)will not only send the information according to the user’s location,more significant,he also provides a service device which will be carried by the user.DLBS has been successfully practised in some of the large cities around the world,for example,the shared bicycle in Beijing and London.In this paper,we,for the first time,blow the whistle of the new location privacy challenges caused by DLBS,since the service device is enabled to perform the localization without the permission of the user.To conquer these threats,we design a service architecture along with a credit system between DLBS provider and the user.The credit system tie together the DLBS device usability with the curious behaviour upon user’s location privacy,DLBS provider has to sacrifice their revenue in order to gain extra location information of their device.We make the simulation of our proposed scheme and the result convince its effectiveness.
基金This work is funded by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515012307,2020A1515010450)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.202102021207,202102020867)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62072130,61702220,61702223)Guangdong Province Key Area R&D Program of China(No.2019B010136003,2019B010137004)Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(2019)Guangdong Higher Education Innovation Group(No.2020KCXTD007)Guangzhou Higher Education Innovation Group(No.202032854)。
文摘A key aspect of Knowledge fusion is Entity Matching.The objective of this study was to investigate how to identify heterogeneous expressions of the same real-world entity.In recent years,some representative works have used deep learning methods for entity matching,and these methods have achieved good results.However,the common limitation of these methods is that they assume that different attribute columns of the same entity are independent,and inputting the model in the form of paired entity records will cause repeated calculations.In fact,there are often potential relations between different attribute columns of different entities.These relations can help us improve the effect of entity matching,and can perform feature extraction on a single entity record to avoid repeated calculations.To use attribute relations to assist entity matching,this paper proposes the Relation-aware Entity Matching method,which embeds attribute relations into the original entity description to form sentences,so that entity matching is transformed into a sentence-level similarity determination task,based on Sentence-BERT completes sentence similarity calculation.We have conducted experiments on structured,dirty,and textual data,and compared them with baselines in recent years.Experimental results show that the use of relational embedding is helpful for entity matching on structured and dirty data.Our method has good results on most data sets for entity matching and reduces repeated calculations.
基金This work was supported in part by the Guangdong Province Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2019B010137004)the National Key research and Development Plan(Grant No.2018YFB0803504).
文摘BGP monitors are currently the main data resource of AS-level topology measurement,and the integrity of measurement result is limited to the location of such BGP monitors.However,there is currently no work to conduct a comprehensive study of the range of measurement results for a single BGP monitor.In this paper,we take the first step to describe the observed topology of each BGP monitor.To that end,we first investigate the construction and theoretical up-limit of the measured topology of a BGP monitor based on the valley-free model,then we evaluate the individual parts of the measured topology by comparing such theoretical results with the actually observed data.We find that:1)for more than 90%of the monitors,the actually observed peer-peer links merely takes a small part of all theoretical visible links;2)increasing the BGP monitors in the same AS may improve the measurement result,but with limited improvement;and 3)deploying multiple BGP monitors in different ASs can significantly improve the measurement results,but non-local BGP monitors can hardly replace the local AS BGP monitors.We also propose a metric for monitor selection optimization,and prove its effectiveness with experiment evaluation.
基金supported by the by National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1604302)“Twelfth Five Year”National Science and Technology Plan Project(2013BAD18B03)+2 种基金Chinese Scholarship Council(202008210391)Shenyang Technological Innovation Project(Y17-0-028)LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Project(XLYC1902083).
文摘This study aimed to analyze and compare the differentially expressed whey proteins(DEWPs)of donkey and bovine colostrum using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics.A total of 620 and 696 whey proteins were characterized in the donkey and bovine colostrum,respectively,including 383 common whey proteins.Among these common proteins,80 were identified as DEWPs,including 21 upregulated and 59 downregulated DEWPs in donkey colostrum compared to bovine colostrum.Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these DEWPs were mainly related to cellular components,such as extracellular exosome,plasma membrane,and mitochondrion;biological processes,such as oxidation-reduction process,cell-cell adhesion,and small guanosine triphosphate(GTP)ase-mediated signal transduction;and molecular functions,such as GTP binding,GTPase activity,and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor(NSF)attachment protein receptor activity.Metabolic pathway analysis suggested that the majority of the DEWPs were associated with soluble NSF factor attachment protein receptor interactions in vesicular transport,fatty acid biosynthesis,and estrogen signaling pathways.Our results provide a vital insight into the differences between donkey and bovine colostrum,along with important information on the significant components as nutritional and functional factors to be included in infant formula based on multiple milk sources.
文摘Objective.To understand and analyze the mental health status of key Senior School Students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Bey ing and Senior Three Students in General Schools,so as to provide basis for mental health education and psychological intervention.Methods.A total of 263 senior three students were randomly selected from a general school and two key school in Haidian District of Beijing.A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Mental Health Scale for Chinese Middle School Students(MSSMHS).Results.Of the 260 students surveyed,54.2%had mental health problems,36.5%had mild problems,8.8%had moderate problems,and 0.5%had slightly and deeply serious problems.The first three factors about examined rates of factors of mental health were anxiety,learning and interpersonal relationship.The detection rates accounted for 23.5%,23.1%and 18.8%respectively.There was no significant difference in the scores of each factor between key and ordinary middle school students(P>0.05).The scores of interpersonal,depression,anxiety and emotional factors of middle school girls were higher than those of boys,with statistical significance(P<0.05)?Conclusion.There are some mental health problems among senior students at grade 3 in Haidian District of Beijing,and female students9 are serious.Schools,families and societies should pay attention to this problem and strengthen mental health education with a focused goal.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82270264,82130010,and T2288101)Basic Research Projects of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(22JC1400500)Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
文摘Recent investigations into the mechanisms underlying inflammation have highlighted the pivotal role of immune cells in regulating cardiac pathophysiology.Notably,these immune cells modulate cardiac processes through alternations in intracellular metabolism,including glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation,whereas the extracellular metabolic environment is changed during cardiovascular disease,influencing function of immune cells.This dynamic interaction between immune cells and their metabolic environment has given rise to the novel concept of“immune metabolism”.Consequently,both the extracellular and intracellular metabolic environment modulate the equilibrium between anti-and pro-inflammatory responses.This regulatory mechanism subsequently influences the processes of myocardial ischemia,cardiac fibrosis,and cardiac remodeling,ultimately leading to a series of cardiovascular events.This review examines how local microenvironmental and systemic environmental changes induce metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and explores the subsequent effects of aberrant activation or polarization of immune cells in the progression of cardiovascular disease.Finally,we discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism to counteract abnormal immune activation.
基金supported through the Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau's Experiment and Demonstration Project(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0031)by a grant from the Chongqing Agri-cultural and Rural Affairs Committee(CQMAITS05).
文摘In this study,polysaccharides from Zanthoxylum schinifolium Siebold and Zucc.leaves(ZLPs)were obtained through five extraction methods:hot water extraction(HWE-CPS),ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE-CPS),enzymatic extraction(EAE-CPS),microwave-assisted extraction(MAE-CPS),and microwave-enzyme co-assisted extraction(MA-EAE-CPS).Structural analysis showed that ZLPs consist mainly of galacturonic acid(30.34 mol%-34.24 mol%)and galactose(33.94 mol%-37.59 mol%),with molecular weights(Mw)ranging from 1648 to 3859 kDa.Ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced the Mw.All the ZLPs resisted degradation under simulated gastrointestinal conditions,with UAE-CPS exhibiting the strongest resistance and EAE-CPS the weakest.The prebiotic potentials of HWE-CPS,UAE-CPS,and MA-EAE-CPS were assessed by in vitro colonic fermentation.After 48 h,all the samples were extensively degraded,and the microbial composition(pH declined to 6.13,5.58,and 5.50)led to a significant increase in Bacteroidetes and a decrease in Proteobacteria.Fermentation also elevated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)levels,with UAE-CPS yielding the highest total SCFAs concentration(42.42 mmol/L).Correlation analysis indicated that the ratio of the RG-I domain was positively correlated with the abundance of certain beneficial microorganisms and the production of SCFAs.These findings provide valuable insights into polysaccharide extraction from plant leaves and provide a reference for the application of ZLPs as functional prebiotic ingredients.
基金supported by a key joint grant for regional innovation from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number U22A20547).
文摘Environmental conditions are the crucial factors that influence the flavor of dajiang.This study aimed to explore the association between microorganisms and flavor substances of Liaoning dajiang prepared under different environmental conditions.This study used physicochemical analyses,HS-SPME-GC-MS(headspace solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry),and high-throughput sequencing to explore the physicochemical properties,volatile flavor profiles,and microbial communities of dajiang of Liaoning.The re-sults revealed that the volatile flavor substances and microbiota of dajiang from the four regions exhibited different degrees of variations.The four volatile flavor substances(including 1-octen-3-ol,benzeneacetaldehyde,octanoic acid and styrene)and three microorganisms(including Lactobacillus renini,Sterigmatomyces halophilus and Sporosarcina spp.)were the key differential volatile flavor markers and biomarkers of dajiang from different regions,respectively.Furthermore,DMMP(differential between maximum and minimum pressure)and reducing sugar content were the key factors affecting bacterial community composition,while the days of rainfall and TA(titratable acidity)were the key factors influencing fungal community composition.The association analysis demonstrated that Staphylococcus,Bacillus,Leuconostoc,Corynebacterium,Microascus,Aspergillus,and Debar-ymyces were responsible for the formation of characteristic flavor in Liaoning dajiang.This study will greatly help us understand the regional characteristics of dajiang and the potential role of environmental factors in flavor profiles mediated by microbes and lay the foundation for producing high-quality dajiang.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2023-BSBA-281)Shenyang Agricultural University(Z20230586).
文摘Almond protein(AP)and whey protein(WP)as single animal and plant proteins have certain limitations in nutrition,but the AP-WP dual protein can play a role in nutritional complementarity,and have a certain reg-ulatory effect on lipid metabolism.This study investigated the amino acid composition of AP-WP system and its effect on FFA induced lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells.Results showed that,using the FAO/WHO model and whole egg protein model as reference values for essential amino acid content,the optimal mixing ratio of AP-WP was determined to be 3:5.The amino acid ratio coefficient scores under this ratio were 74.20 and 81.57 for the two models respectively.Additionally,this ratio of AP-WP showed the best antioxidant activity.The FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that there is interaction between AP and WP.The study found that AP-WP improved oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells by reducing ROS and TG levels.Western blot analysis showed that AP-WP inhibits the expression of SREBP-1,FAS,and ACC,regulating lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells and leading to a certain lipid-lowering effect.The combination of almond protein and whey protein can improve the nutritional value of food and give full play to the physiological regulation of different proteins to promote human health.The research aims to lay the theoretical foundation for the application of double-protein system in the fields of nutritional food processing and lipid metabolism regulation.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31871831)Liaoning Support Program for innovative talents(LR2019065)+3 种基金Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents Project(RC200495)the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation Regional Joint Fund Project(2020-MZLH34)Guiding Plan of Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2019-ZD-0714)Graduate innovation cultivation project of Shenyang Agricultural University(2021YCXB07).
文摘Generally,yogurts on the market are usually anaerobic fermentation,but oxygen can be still dissolved in the production process,which is actually not strict anaerobic.This study explored the multiple quality indicators and the metabolomic analysis of yogurts fermented by Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus using two fermentation methods,namely,strict anaerobic and normal fermentation.The changes in flavor substances in yogurts,including 17 free amino acids,17 fatty acids,and 7 response value,were detected using principal component and multi factor analyses.Based on the results of the comparisons between basic physical and chemical indicators,strict anaerobic fermentation increased the growth and acidification of the two bacteria,the response value of sourness,umami and richness.Strict anaerobic fermentation increased the free amino acid(Fold change=1.53)and short chain fatty acid levels(Fold change=1.73),and reduced the polyunsaturated fatty acid(Fold change=0.51)levels.Furthermore,metabolomic analysis based on UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS showed that 92 differential metabolites were screened;45 differential metabolites were increased and 47 were decreased.The results revealed that strict anaerobic fermentation was beneficial to metabolic changes and nutritional indicators of yogurt,which may be as indicators of valuable reference to improve dairy fermentation process.
基金supported by the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Nos.2022-PUMCH-B-006 and 2022-PUMCH-C-067)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271391)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z220022).
文摘Besides peripheral nerve injury,the acute inflammation is one of the pathological features of tissues after surgery,which exacerbates the postoperative pain,especially in the first 48 h after the surgery.Multimodal analgesia(MMA),such as the combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)with local anesthetics,has shown enhanced potency compared with the usage of local anesthetics alone.However,rare formulations can provide long-term analgesia at a single dose.Herein,bupivacaine(BUP,a local anesthetic)loading poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles(NPB)were coated with meloxicam(MLX,an NSAID)loading lipid bilayer(LPM),forming a core–shell nanosystem(NPB@LPM)to provide enhanced and long-term analgesia to treat postoperative pain.MLX was encapsulated in the lipid shell,which enabled high dose MLX to be released in the first 48 h after surgery to reduce the acute inflammation induced pain.BUP was encapsulated in the PLGA core to provide a long-term release for the nerve block.This nanosystem provided a 7-day(whole recovery cycle)effective analgesia in the Brennan’s plantar incision rat model.The tissue reactions of NPB@LPM are benign.This work will provide feasible strategies on designing drug delivery systems for postoperative pain management.
