BACKGROUND:Regulatory peptide receptors have attracted the interest of oncologists as a new promising approach for cancer pathology,imaging and therapy.Although cholecystokinin (CCK) is a potent modulator of gallbladd...BACKGROUND:Regulatory peptide receptors have attracted the interest of oncologists as a new promising approach for cancer pathology,imaging and therapy.Although cholecystokinin (CCK) is a potent modulator of gallbladder contractility and plays a potential role in pancreatic carcinogenesis through CCK type-A receptor (CCKAR),its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still unknown and immunohistochemical detection of CCKAR in the gallbladder has not yet been reported.This novel case-control study aimed to investigate the expression profile of CCKAR in GBC and gallstone disease (GSD).METHODS:This study included 162 samples of gallbladder:94 from GBC and 68 from GSD.Expression of CCKAR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.The results were statistically correlated with disease history including age,sex,presence of gallstone,stage and differentiation.RESULTS:CCKAR was positive in 30/68 (44.1%) of GSD and 72/94 (76.6%) of GBC samples.Fifty-one of the 72 (70.8%) CCKAR-positive GBC samples showed over-expression.Interestingly,consistent results also appeared in the immunoblotting study.CONCLUSIONS:CCKAR expression was significantly increased in GBC compared to GSD.Moreover,CCKAR expression was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation,i.e.,less expression in poorly-differentiated tumors.Thus,it has future prognostic and therapeutic implications in the management of GBC.展开更多
We studied tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion using D2-40 endothelial marker in 35 breast cancer patients treated by primary surgery and correlated it with various clinico-pathological prognostic paramete...We studied tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion using D2-40 endothelial marker in 35 breast cancer patients treated by primary surgery and correlated it with various clinico-pathological prognostic parameters. Lymphangiogenesis was quantified using lymphatic micro vessel density (LMVD) by counting the immunostained lymphatic microvessels at 200X. The mean age was 45.97±12.09 years (range 30-80 years). LMVD ranged from 5/hpf to 56/hpf with a mean score of 13.4±10.8 and median of 9. The median value of 9 was taken to classify patients into a low or high LMVD. LMVD correlated significantly with tumour size (p=0.003), histological grade (p=0.046), lymph node status (p=0.030). There was no significant correlation of LMVD with stage, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or HER2/neu immunoreactivity. Lymphovascular invasion on D2-40 staining [LVI-D40] was found in 13 (37.1%) cases compared to 6 cases (17.1%) on H & E staining showing a poor agreement (k=0.244). LVI correlated significantly with lymph node status (p=0.011). There was a strong association between tumour size (p=0.142), histological grade (p=0.066) though the correlation was not statistically significant. No correlation was found with stage, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or HER2/neu immunoreactivity. The mean LMVD in LVI positive patients was higher (22.85±13.29) as compared to LVI negative patients (7.95±2.05) and this was statistically significant (p=0.001). Increased D2-40 detected LMVD and LVI correlated with poor prognostic parameters.展开更多
We have demonstrated the first carrier density model for AlGaN channel with AlN buffer using spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization comparison with experimental and theoretical results. From the results we proved ...We have demonstrated the first carrier density model for AlGaN channel with AlN buffer using spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization comparison with experimental and theoretical results. From the results we proved that the formation of 2DEG in undoped structure relied both on spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization. The electron distribution of Al concentration (0 < x < 0.5) was measured for both AlGaN channel and barrier. Barrier thickness assumed between 20 and 25 nm for validating the experimental results. The carrier concentration was observed at the specific interface of the N- and Ga-face by assuming x1, x2 = 0. The model results are verified with previously reported experimental data.展开更多
Objective:To study the antibacterial and antiamylase properties of methanol and acetone extracts of nudibranchs including Bursatella leachii(B.leachii),Kalinga ornata(K.ornata),Aplysia sp.Methods:Crude methanol and ac...Objective:To study the antibacterial and antiamylase properties of methanol and acetone extracts of nudibranchs including Bursatella leachii(B.leachii),Kalinga ornata(K.ornata),Aplysia sp.Methods:Crude methanol and acetone extracts of sea slugs were tested for inhibition of fish bacterial pathogens'growth through disc diffusion method.The activity was measured based on the formation of inhibition zone around the disc impregnated with crude extracts.Theα-amylase inhibitory effect was also measured calorimetrically.The chemical fingerprinting of the extract was recorded with HPTLC and GC-MS.Results:The solvent extracts of all the three sea slugs showed antibacterial property.The maximum zone of inhibition(>15-20 mm)was recorded for methanol and acetone extracts of K.ornata.The methanol extract of Aplysia sp.exhibited 93%inhibition againstα-amylase,following by B.leachii(methanol)70.6%and K.ornata(methanol)49.03%inhibition respectively.The acetone extracts didn't show any notable inhibition.The presence of free amino acids like lysine,aspartic acid,glutamic acid,arginine etc.,terpenoids and pigents were confirmed through HPTLC analysis.The presence of siloxanes and propanoic acid were also revealed through GC-MS.Conclusions:This study suggests that further scrutinisation of the B.leachii,K.ornata and Aplysia sp.will pave the way for development of antibacterial andα-amylase inhibitory agent for therapeutic application.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR Project Ref No.3/2/2/187/2009/NCD-Ⅲ)
文摘BACKGROUND:Regulatory peptide receptors have attracted the interest of oncologists as a new promising approach for cancer pathology,imaging and therapy.Although cholecystokinin (CCK) is a potent modulator of gallbladder contractility and plays a potential role in pancreatic carcinogenesis through CCK type-A receptor (CCKAR),its role in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is still unknown and immunohistochemical detection of CCKAR in the gallbladder has not yet been reported.This novel case-control study aimed to investigate the expression profile of CCKAR in GBC and gallstone disease (GSD).METHODS:This study included 162 samples of gallbladder:94 from GBC and 68 from GSD.Expression of CCKAR was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.The results were statistically correlated with disease history including age,sex,presence of gallstone,stage and differentiation.RESULTS:CCKAR was positive in 30/68 (44.1%) of GSD and 72/94 (76.6%) of GBC samples.Fifty-one of the 72 (70.8%) CCKAR-positive GBC samples showed over-expression.Interestingly,consistent results also appeared in the immunoblotting study.CONCLUSIONS:CCKAR expression was significantly increased in GBC compared to GSD.Moreover,CCKAR expression was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation,i.e.,less expression in poorly-differentiated tumors.Thus,it has future prognostic and therapeutic implications in the management of GBC.
文摘We studied tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion using D2-40 endothelial marker in 35 breast cancer patients treated by primary surgery and correlated it with various clinico-pathological prognostic parameters. Lymphangiogenesis was quantified using lymphatic micro vessel density (LMVD) by counting the immunostained lymphatic microvessels at 200X. The mean age was 45.97±12.09 years (range 30-80 years). LMVD ranged from 5/hpf to 56/hpf with a mean score of 13.4±10.8 and median of 9. The median value of 9 was taken to classify patients into a low or high LMVD. LMVD correlated significantly with tumour size (p=0.003), histological grade (p=0.046), lymph node status (p=0.030). There was no significant correlation of LMVD with stage, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or HER2/neu immunoreactivity. Lymphovascular invasion on D2-40 staining [LVI-D40] was found in 13 (37.1%) cases compared to 6 cases (17.1%) on H & E staining showing a poor agreement (k=0.244). LVI correlated significantly with lymph node status (p=0.011). There was a strong association between tumour size (p=0.142), histological grade (p=0.066) though the correlation was not statistically significant. No correlation was found with stage, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or HER2/neu immunoreactivity. The mean LMVD in LVI positive patients was higher (22.85±13.29) as compared to LVI negative patients (7.95±2.05) and this was statistically significant (p=0.001). Increased D2-40 detected LMVD and LVI correlated with poor prognostic parameters.
文摘We have demonstrated the first carrier density model for AlGaN channel with AlN buffer using spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization comparison with experimental and theoretical results. From the results we proved that the formation of 2DEG in undoped structure relied both on spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization. The electron distribution of Al concentration (0 < x < 0.5) was measured for both AlGaN channel and barrier. Barrier thickness assumed between 20 and 25 nm for validating the experimental results. The carrier concentration was observed at the specific interface of the N- and Ga-face by assuming x1, x2 = 0. The model results are verified with previously reported experimental data.
基金Supported by Ministry of Earth Sciences(MoES-G4/12319)under the‘Drugs from the Sea’programme.
文摘Objective:To study the antibacterial and antiamylase properties of methanol and acetone extracts of nudibranchs including Bursatella leachii(B.leachii),Kalinga ornata(K.ornata),Aplysia sp.Methods:Crude methanol and acetone extracts of sea slugs were tested for inhibition of fish bacterial pathogens'growth through disc diffusion method.The activity was measured based on the formation of inhibition zone around the disc impregnated with crude extracts.Theα-amylase inhibitory effect was also measured calorimetrically.The chemical fingerprinting of the extract was recorded with HPTLC and GC-MS.Results:The solvent extracts of all the three sea slugs showed antibacterial property.The maximum zone of inhibition(>15-20 mm)was recorded for methanol and acetone extracts of K.ornata.The methanol extract of Aplysia sp.exhibited 93%inhibition againstα-amylase,following by B.leachii(methanol)70.6%and K.ornata(methanol)49.03%inhibition respectively.The acetone extracts didn't show any notable inhibition.The presence of free amino acids like lysine,aspartic acid,glutamic acid,arginine etc.,terpenoids and pigents were confirmed through HPTLC analysis.The presence of siloxanes and propanoic acid were also revealed through GC-MS.Conclusions:This study suggests that further scrutinisation of the B.leachii,K.ornata and Aplysia sp.will pave the way for development of antibacterial andα-amylase inhibitory agent for therapeutic application.
