Tomato cultivation faces formidable challenges from both biotic and abiotic stressors,necessitating innovative and sustainable strategies to ensure crop resilience and yield stability.This comprehensive review delves ...Tomato cultivation faces formidable challenges from both biotic and abiotic stressors,necessitating innovative and sustainable strategies to ensure crop resilience and yield stability.This comprehensive review delves into the evolving landscape of employing microbial consortia as a dynamic tool for the integrated management of biotic and abiotic stresses in tomato plants.The microbial consortium,comprising an intricate network of bacteria,fungi,and other beneficial microorganisms,plays a pivotal role in promoting plant health and bolstering defense mechanisms.Against biotic stressors,the consortium exhibits multifaceted actions,including the suppression of pathogenic organisms through antagonistic interactions and the induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants.On the abiotic front,the microbial consortium enhances nutrient availability,optimizes water retention,and ameliorates soil structure,thus mitigating the adverse effects of factors such as drought,salinity,and nutrient imbalances.This review synthesizes current research findings,highlighting the diverse mechanisms through which microbial consortia positively influence the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants to stress.Furthermore,it explores the adaptability of microbial consortia to various agroecosystems,offering a versatile and sustainable approach to stress management.As a promising avenue for eco-friendly agriculture,the utilization of microbial consortia in tomato cultivation emerges not only as a tool for stress mitigation but also as a transformative strategy to foster long-term sustainability,reduce reliance on synthetic inputs,and enhance overall crop productivity in the face of changing environmental conditions.展开更多
Conventional direct torque control (DTC) is one of the excellent control strategies available to control the torque of the induction machine (IM). However, the low switching frequency of the DTC causes high ripples in...Conventional direct torque control (DTC) is one of the excellent control strategies available to control the torque of the induction machine (IM). However, the low switching frequency of the DTC causes high ripples in the flux and torque that leads to an acoustic noise which degrades the control performances, especially at low speeds. Many direct torque control techniques were appeared to remedy these problems by focusing specifically on the torque and flux. In this paper, a state of the art review of various modern techniques for improving the performance of DTC control is presented. The objective is to make a critical analysis of these methods in terms of ripples reduction, tracking speed, switching loss, algorithm complexity and parameter sensitivity. Further, it is envisaged that the information presented in this review paper will be a valuable gathering of information for academic and industrial researchers.展开更多
This article presents the direct torque control (DTC) strategy for the doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) connected to two three-level voltage source inverters (3LVSIs) with neutral point clamped (NPC) structure. This ...This article presents the direct torque control (DTC) strategy for the doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) connected to two three-level voltage source inverters (3LVSIs) with neutral point clamped (NPC) structure. This control method allows to reduce the torque and flux ripples as well as to optimize the total harmonic distortion (THD) of motor currents. The use of 3LVSI increases the number of generated voltage, which allows improving the quality of its waveform and thus improves the DTC strategy. The system modeling and control are implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. The analysis of simulation results shows the better performances of this control, especially in terms of torque and flux behavior, compared to conventional DTC.展开更多
基金funded by the Phytopathology Unit of the Department of Plant Pathology—Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture(Meknès)Financial support has been provided to SIRAM by PRIMA and MESRSI(Morocco),a program supported by H2020,the European Program for Research and Innovation.
文摘Tomato cultivation faces formidable challenges from both biotic and abiotic stressors,necessitating innovative and sustainable strategies to ensure crop resilience and yield stability.This comprehensive review delves into the evolving landscape of employing microbial consortia as a dynamic tool for the integrated management of biotic and abiotic stresses in tomato plants.The microbial consortium,comprising an intricate network of bacteria,fungi,and other beneficial microorganisms,plays a pivotal role in promoting plant health and bolstering defense mechanisms.Against biotic stressors,the consortium exhibits multifaceted actions,including the suppression of pathogenic organisms through antagonistic interactions and the induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants.On the abiotic front,the microbial consortium enhances nutrient availability,optimizes water retention,and ameliorates soil structure,thus mitigating the adverse effects of factors such as drought,salinity,and nutrient imbalances.This review synthesizes current research findings,highlighting the diverse mechanisms through which microbial consortia positively influence the physiological and molecular responses of tomato plants to stress.Furthermore,it explores the adaptability of microbial consortia to various agroecosystems,offering a versatile and sustainable approach to stress management.As a promising avenue for eco-friendly agriculture,the utilization of microbial consortia in tomato cultivation emerges not only as a tool for stress mitigation but also as a transformative strategy to foster long-term sustainability,reduce reliance on synthetic inputs,and enhance overall crop productivity in the face of changing environmental conditions.
文摘Conventional direct torque control (DTC) is one of the excellent control strategies available to control the torque of the induction machine (IM). However, the low switching frequency of the DTC causes high ripples in the flux and torque that leads to an acoustic noise which degrades the control performances, especially at low speeds. Many direct torque control techniques were appeared to remedy these problems by focusing specifically on the torque and flux. In this paper, a state of the art review of various modern techniques for improving the performance of DTC control is presented. The objective is to make a critical analysis of these methods in terms of ripples reduction, tracking speed, switching loss, algorithm complexity and parameter sensitivity. Further, it is envisaged that the information presented in this review paper will be a valuable gathering of information for academic and industrial researchers.
文摘This article presents the direct torque control (DTC) strategy for the doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) connected to two three-level voltage source inverters (3LVSIs) with neutral point clamped (NPC) structure. This control method allows to reduce the torque and flux ripples as well as to optimize the total harmonic distortion (THD) of motor currents. The use of 3LVSI increases the number of generated voltage, which allows improving the quality of its waveform and thus improves the DTC strategy. The system modeling and control are implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. The analysis of simulation results shows the better performances of this control, especially in terms of torque and flux behavior, compared to conventional DTC.
