Bioaccumulation of organochlorine compounds in marine fish occurs as a result of environmental pollution through human activities such as industrial and agricultural waste discharge into water bodies.The main purpose ...Bioaccumulation of organochlorine compounds in marine fish occurs as a result of environmental pollution through human activities such as industrial and agricultural waste discharge into water bodies.The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the current status of the contamination level of organochlorine compounds such as 4,4′-DDT,2,4′-DDT,4,4′-DDE and 4,4′-DDD,in the fish samples of Bay of Bengal.A total of 25 marine fish samples of 17 species including Eleutheronema tetradactylum,Metapenaeus monoceros,Lates calcarifer,Harpodon nehereus,Pampus argenteus,Setipinna phasa,Leiognathus equulus,Tenualosa ilisha,Megalapsis cordyla,Parastromateus niger,Coilia ramcarati,Otolithoides pama,Arius maculatus,Paraplagusia bilineata,Strongylura leiura,Platycephalus indicus and Gudusia chapra were collected from three different local markets for determination of organochlorine compounds using SPD(solid phase dispersion)and QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe)extraction methods,and finally analyzed by gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector(GC-ECD).The comparison between these two methods was also made and it was found that SPD method is more efficient for the extraction of total fat content and bioaccumulation of DDTs in fish samples compared to QuEChERS method.The percentage recovery of DDTs was found to be 65%-105%.Limit of detection LOD and Limit of Quantification LOQ was found to be 0.10 ng/g and 0.30 ng/g,respectively.Total amount of DDT was found in the range of 3.83-37.80 ng/g in SPD method and 4.51-20.40 ng/g in QuEChERS method.All fish samples contained DDTs less than MRL(maximum residue limit)value(5 mg/kg according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission).展开更多
Twenty two fresh water fish samples namely Puntius sarana （Shawrputi）, Cyprinus carpio （Karp）, Oreochromis niloticos （Telapia）, Channa punctatus （Taki）, Wallogonia attu （Boal）, Eutropiichthys vacha （Bacha）...Twenty two fresh water fish samples namely Puntius sarana （Shawrputi）, Cyprinus carpio （Karp）, Oreochromis niloticos （Telapia）, Channa punctatus （Taki）, Wallogonia attu （Boal）, Eutropiichthys vacha （Bacha）, Macrognathus aculiatus （Baim）, Ailia coila （Kajoli）, Mystus cavasisus（Gulsa）, Ompok pabda （Pabdha）, Corica soborna （Kachki）, Mystus vittatus （Tengra）, Glossogobius giuris （Baila）, Macrobrachium malcolmsli （Chingri）, Amblypharyngodon microlepis （Mola）, Anabas testudineus （Koi）, Macrognathus aculiatus （Baim）, Channa striatus （Shole）, Heteropnueste fossilis （Shing）, Puntius sophore （Small Puti） and Pseudambassis ranga （Telapia） were collected from two rivers and one cultured fish pond. The samples were extracted by QuEChERS method, cleaned up with conc. H2SO4 treatment and cleaned extracts were analyzed by GC-ECD. Small size cultured rui fish sample which did show detectable amount of DDT and its metabohtes was used for the recovery experiments. Percent recovery was found to be in the range of 70%-113%. Amount of total DDTs were found to be 54.34, 48.81, 62.09, 54.72,78.81, 60.07, 47.0, 42.7, 26.31, 10.36, 25.32, 12.96, 20.10, 12.78, 17.65, and 4.71, 8.58, 11.3 and 19.01 ng/g in gulsa, pabhda, baila, bacha, baim, small purl, tengra, chanda, kachki, boal, taki, chingri, mola, shole, shing, koi, swarpurl, karp and telapia fish samples, respectively. However, the residual amounts of DDTs in all the fish samples were below maximum residue limit （MRL of DDTs in fish 5.0 mg/kg） according to Codex Alimentarius Commission. The ratios of 4,4＇-DDT/DDTs were in the range of 0.03-0.44 which indicated that exposure to DDT is not due to recent use.展开更多
文摘Bioaccumulation of organochlorine compounds in marine fish occurs as a result of environmental pollution through human activities such as industrial and agricultural waste discharge into water bodies.The main purpose of the present study is to evaluate the current status of the contamination level of organochlorine compounds such as 4,4′-DDT,2,4′-DDT,4,4′-DDE and 4,4′-DDD,in the fish samples of Bay of Bengal.A total of 25 marine fish samples of 17 species including Eleutheronema tetradactylum,Metapenaeus monoceros,Lates calcarifer,Harpodon nehereus,Pampus argenteus,Setipinna phasa,Leiognathus equulus,Tenualosa ilisha,Megalapsis cordyla,Parastromateus niger,Coilia ramcarati,Otolithoides pama,Arius maculatus,Paraplagusia bilineata,Strongylura leiura,Platycephalus indicus and Gudusia chapra were collected from three different local markets for determination of organochlorine compounds using SPD(solid phase dispersion)and QuEChERS(quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe)extraction methods,and finally analyzed by gas chromatograph equipped with electron capture detector(GC-ECD).The comparison between these two methods was also made and it was found that SPD method is more efficient for the extraction of total fat content and bioaccumulation of DDTs in fish samples compared to QuEChERS method.The percentage recovery of DDTs was found to be 65%-105%.Limit of detection LOD and Limit of Quantification LOQ was found to be 0.10 ng/g and 0.30 ng/g,respectively.Total amount of DDT was found in the range of 3.83-37.80 ng/g in SPD method and 4.51-20.40 ng/g in QuEChERS method.All fish samples contained DDTs less than MRL(maximum residue limit)value(5 mg/kg according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission).
文摘Twenty two fresh water fish samples namely Puntius sarana （Shawrputi）, Cyprinus carpio （Karp）, Oreochromis niloticos （Telapia）, Channa punctatus （Taki）, Wallogonia attu （Boal）, Eutropiichthys vacha （Bacha）, Macrognathus aculiatus （Baim）, Ailia coila （Kajoli）, Mystus cavasisus（Gulsa）, Ompok pabda （Pabdha）, Corica soborna （Kachki）, Mystus vittatus （Tengra）, Glossogobius giuris （Baila）, Macrobrachium malcolmsli （Chingri）, Amblypharyngodon microlepis （Mola）, Anabas testudineus （Koi）, Macrognathus aculiatus （Baim）, Channa striatus （Shole）, Heteropnueste fossilis （Shing）, Puntius sophore （Small Puti） and Pseudambassis ranga （Telapia） were collected from two rivers and one cultured fish pond. The samples were extracted by QuEChERS method, cleaned up with conc. H2SO4 treatment and cleaned extracts were analyzed by GC-ECD. Small size cultured rui fish sample which did show detectable amount of DDT and its metabohtes was used for the recovery experiments. Percent recovery was found to be in the range of 70%-113%. Amount of total DDTs were found to be 54.34, 48.81, 62.09, 54.72,78.81, 60.07, 47.0, 42.7, 26.31, 10.36, 25.32, 12.96, 20.10, 12.78, 17.65, and 4.71, 8.58, 11.3 and 19.01 ng/g in gulsa, pabhda, baila, bacha, baim, small purl, tengra, chanda, kachki, boal, taki, chingri, mola, shole, shing, koi, swarpurl, karp and telapia fish samples, respectively. However, the residual amounts of DDTs in all the fish samples were below maximum residue limit （MRL of DDTs in fish 5.0 mg/kg） according to Codex Alimentarius Commission. The ratios of 4,4＇-DDT/DDTs were in the range of 0.03-0.44 which indicated that exposure to DDT is not due to recent use.
