In this paper,we propose STPLF,which stands for the short-term forecasting of locational marginal price components,including the forecasting of non-conforming hourly net loads.The volatility of transmission-level hour...In this paper,we propose STPLF,which stands for the short-term forecasting of locational marginal price components,including the forecasting of non-conforming hourly net loads.The volatility of transmission-level hourly locational marginal prices(LMPs)is caused by several factors,including weather data,hourly gas prices,historical hourly loads,and market prices.In addition,variations of non-conforming net loads,which are affected by behind-the-meter distributed energy resources(DERs)and retail customer loads,could have a major impact on the volatility of hourly LMPs,as bulk grid operators have limited visibility of such retail-level resources.We propose a fusion forecasting model for the STPLF,which uses machine learning and deep learning methods to forecast non-conforming loads and respective hourly prices.Additionally,data preprocessing and feature extraction are used to increase the accuracy of the STPLF.The proposed STPLF model also includes a post-processing stage for calculating the probability of hourly LMP spikes.We use a practical set of data to analyze the STPLF results and validate the proposed probabilistic method for calculating the LMP spikes.展开更多
This paper provides a systematic review on the resilience analysis of active distribution networks(ADNs)against hazardous weather events,considering the underlying cyber-physical interdependencies.As cyber-physical sy...This paper provides a systematic review on the resilience analysis of active distribution networks(ADNs)against hazardous weather events,considering the underlying cyber-physical interdependencies.As cyber-physical systems,ADNs are characterized by widespread structural and functional interdependen-cies between cyber(communication,computing,and control)and physical(electric power)subsystems and thus present complex hazardous-weather-related resilience issues.To bridge current research gaps,this paper first classifies diverse hazardous weather events for ADNs according to different time spans and degrees of hazard,with model-based and data-driven methods being utilized to characterize weather evolutions.Then,the adverse impacts of hazardous weather on all aspects of ADNs’sources,physical/cyber networks,and loads are analyzed.This paper further emphasizes the importance of situational awareness and cyber-physical collaboration throughout hazardous weather events,as these enhance the implementation of preventive dispatches,corrective actions,and coordinated restorations.In addition,a generalized quantitative resilience evaluation process is proposed regarding additional considerations about cyber subsystems and cyber-physical connections.Finally,potential hazardous-weather-related resilience challenges for both physical and cyber subsystems are discussed.展开更多
On the power supply side,renewable energy(RE)is an important substitute to traditional energy,the effective utilization of which has become one of the major challenges in risk-constrained power system operations.This ...On the power supply side,renewable energy(RE)is an important substitute to traditional energy,the effective utilization of which has become one of the major challenges in risk-constrained power system operations.This paper proposes a risk-based power dispatching strategy considering the demand response(DR)and RE utilization in the stochastic optimal scheduling of parallel manufacturing process(PMP)in industrial manufacturing enterprises(IME).First,the specific production behavior model of PMP is formulated to characterize the flexibility of power demand.Then,a two-step strategic model is proposed to comprehensively quantify multiple factors in the optimal scheduling of DR in PMP loads considering risk-based power system dispatch,thermal generators,wind power integration.Case studies are based on the modified IEEE 24-bus power system,which verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in optimally coordinating IME assets with generation resources for promoting the RE utilization,as well as the impacts of power transmission risk on decision performance.展开更多
微电网作为智能电网的一个组成部分,是自主可控的局部电力系统。微电网主控制器综合考虑了通信、控制和管理功能,在微电网经济和安全运行方面发挥着重要的作用。本文介绍了IIT微电网主控制器的设计与运行原理,讨论了智能电网的优点。在...微电网作为智能电网的一个组成部分,是自主可控的局部电力系统。微电网主控制器综合考虑了通信、控制和管理功能,在微电网经济和安全运行方面发挥着重要的作用。本文介绍了IIT微电网主控制器的设计与运行原理,讨论了智能电网的优点。在介绍IIT(Illinois Institute of Technology)微电网控制器控制体系层级的基础上,讨论了测试IIT微电网主控制器的详细过程和实验室设置。最后也指出了由微电网主控制器带来的潜在影响,如软件化网络技术的出现和网络化微电网和能源枢纽的发展。展开更多
The integrated electricity-heat-hydrogen system(IEHHS)facilitates the efficient utilization of multiple energy sources,while the operational flexibility of IEHHS is hindered by the high heat inertia of alkaline electr...The integrated electricity-heat-hydrogen system(IEHHS)facilitates the efficient utilization of multiple energy sources,while the operational flexibility of IEHHS is hindered by the high heat inertia of alkaline electrolyzers(AELs)and the variations of renewable energy.In this paper,we propose a robust scheduling of IEHHS considering the bidirectional heat exchange(BHE)between AELs and district heating networks(DHNs).First,we propose an IEHHS model to coordinate the operations of AELs,active distribution networks(ADNs),and DHNs.In particular,we propose a BHE that not only enables the waste heat recovery for district heating but also accelerates the thermal dynamics in AELs.Then,we formulate a two-stage robust optimization(RO)problem for the IEHHS operation to consider the variability of renewable energy in ADNs.We propose a new solution method,i.e.,multi-affine decision rule(MADR),to solve the two-stage RO problem with less conservatism.The simulation results show that the operational flexibility of IEHHS with BHE is remarkably improved compared with that only with unidirectional heat exchange(UHE).Compared with the traditional affine decision rule(ADR),the MADR effectively reduces the IEHHS operating costs while guaranteeing the reliability of scheduling strategies.展开更多
Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)have huge thermal inertia and are promising resources to promote consumption of renewable energy sources(RESs)for carbon reduction.Thus,this paper employs the virtual power plant...Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)have huge thermal inertia and are promising resources to promote consumption of renewable energy sources(RESs)for carbon reduction.Thus,this paper employs the virtual power plant(VPP)to regulate TCLs to address problems caused by RESs.Specifically,a two-stage VPP scheduling framework based on multi-time scale coordinated control of TCLs is proposed to address forecast errors of variable RES power output.In the first stage(hour time scale),TCLs are controlled as virtual generators to mitigate forecast errors between hour-ahead and day-ahead RES power.In the second stage(minute time scale),TCLs are regulated as virtual batteries to mitigate forecast errors between intra-hour and hour-ahead RES power.To respect wills and preferences of end-users,a transactive energy(TE)market within VPP is built to guide TCL behaviors via the price mechanism.Moreover,a stochastic VPP schedule using the Wassersteinmetric-based distributionally robust optimization method is developed to consider RES power uncertainties,and its solution process is transformed into a computationally tractable mixedinteger linear programming problem based on the affine decision rule and duality theory.The proposed method is effectively validated by comparison with robust optimization and stochastic optimization.Simulation results demonstrate the proposed twostage VPP scheduling method employs TCL flexibilities more comprehensively to mitigate RES output power forecast errors in VPP operations.展开更多
The proliferation of distributed energy resources(DERs)and the large-scale electrification of transportation are driving forces behind the ongoing evolution for transforming traditionally passive consumers into prosum...The proliferation of distributed energy resources(DERs)and the large-scale electrification of transportation are driving forces behind the ongoing evolution for transforming traditionally passive consumers into prosumers(both consumers and producers)in coordinated power distribution network(PDN)and urban transportation network(UTN).In this new paradigm,peer-to-peer(P2P)energy trading is a promising energy management strategy for dynamically balancing the supply and demand in elec-tricity markets.In this paper,we propose the application of Blockchain(BC)to electric vehicle charging station(EVCS)op-erations to optimally transact energy in a hierarchical P2P framework.In the proposed framework,a decentralised privacy-preserving clearing mechanism is implemented in the transactive energy market(TEM)in which BC's smart contracts are applied in a coordinated PDN and UTN operation.The effectiveness of the proposed TEM and its solution approach are validated via numerical simulations which are performed on a modified IEEE 123-bus PDN and a modified Sioux Falls UTN.展开更多
With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution ne...With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution network(ADN).The operation state of an ADN,which is equipped with DRGs,could rapidly change among multiple states,which include steady,alert,and fault states.It is essential to manage large-scale DRG and enable the safe and economic operation of ADNs.In this paper,the current operation control strategies of ADNs under multiple states are reviewed with the interpretation of each state and the transition among the three aforementioned states.The multi-state identification indicators and identification methods are summarized in detail.The multi-state regulation capacity quantification methods are analyzed considering controllable resources,quantification indicators,and quantification methods.A detailed survey of optimal operation control strategies,including multi-state operations,is presented,and key problems and outlooks for the expansion of ADN are discussed.展开更多
The concept of‘Energy Internet’(EI)has been widely accepted by both academic and industry experts after more than a decade of development.Since it was proposed,EI has been discussed and applied to many technical wor...The concept of‘Energy Internet’(EI)has been widely accepted by both academic and industry experts after more than a decade of development.Since it was proposed,EI has been discussed and applied to many technical works in power and energy areas.Some specific definitions were proposed for EI by those who have applied it to respective fields of engineering,but a comprehensive and widely accepted definition of EI is still being debated.In this paper,we propose the redefinition of EI,based on a comprehensive literature review,some latest trends and driving forces in the global energy industry,as well as its development in the past decade.In addition,we summarise the EI framework and features for future applications,where EI is categorised by its scale into local‐and wide‐area applications to manifest its effectiveness in power and energy.展开更多
The power industry's carbon emissions stand out as a primary contributor to the overall carbon dioxide emissions within the energy system under the context of energy Internet.Thus,reducing emissions in the power s...The power industry's carbon emissions stand out as a primary contributor to the overall carbon dioxide emissions within the energy system under the context of energy Internet.Thus,reducing emissions in the power sector has become crucial for achieving carbon neutrality.However,challenges from the electricity-carbon nexus have surfaced in effectively coordinating and integrating the carbon market with the electricity market.This paper initiates the exploration of such nexus by analysing the current status of major carbon emission trading markets on a global scale.Subsequently,it delves into a comprehensive examination of the coupling between the electricity and carbon markets across three levels:market participants,operational models and market mechanisms.Four key issues are then identified in the electricity-carbon nexus:challenges in decision‐making for market participants,discrepancies in operational timelines,the intricate design of market coupling mechanisms and the spillover effects of market risks.To tackle the above challenges in the electricity-carbon nexus,this paper takes a deep dive into two different models in understanding the nexus including econometric/statistical models and optimisation models,serving as the foundation for understanding the intricacies of electricity-carbon market coupling.This paper concludes with a detailed exploration for future roadmap and research prospects in the electricity-carbon market nexus.展开更多
Power system resilience procurement costs in N-k contingencies have gained more prominence as number of extreme events continues to increase.A chain rule is presented in this paper for extracting resilience procuremen...Power system resilience procurement costs in N-k contingencies have gained more prominence as number of extreme events continues to increase.A chain rule is presented in this paper for extracting resilience procurement costs from a fully decomposed locational marginal price(LMP)model.First,power transfer distribution factor(PTDF)matrices with AC power flow(i.e.,AC-PTDF)are determined.AC-PTDF and AC-LODF(line outage distribution factor)equations are derived for N-k contingencies and a fully decomposed LMP model is developed where generation and transmission security components are established for specific contingencies.Furthermore,resilience procurement costs can be measured at different buses for the proposed security components.Impact of N-k contingencies on resilience procurement costs at specific buses can be determined as proposed security components will gain more insight for resilience procurement in power systems.The modified IEEE 6-bus and 118-bus systems are adopted to verify effectiveness of the proposed resilience procurement method.展开更多
To realize a liberalized peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity market in distribution systems with network security, this paper develops a general framework for P2P trading in distribution systems with the utility's oper...To realize a liberalized peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity market in distribution systems with network security, this paper develops a general framework for P2P trading in distribution systems with the utility's operation. The model is formulated as a bi-level programming. The utility's operation is an upper level problem, where a calculation method of network usage charges for P2P trading is also proposed. Peers' P2P trading is a lower level problem. An iterative algorithm based on analytical target cascading (ATC) is proposed to solve the model, where the interactions between utility and peers are presented. Numerical results on the IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate that the proposed method realizes a liberalized P2P market and ensures network security in distribution systems.展开更多
The increasing integration of variable wind generation has aggravated the imbalance between electricity supply and demand. Power-to-hydrogen(P2H) is a promising solution to balance supply and demand in a variable powe...The increasing integration of variable wind generation has aggravated the imbalance between electricity supply and demand. Power-to-hydrogen(P2H) is a promising solution to balance supply and demand in a variable power grid, in which excess wind power is converted into hydrogen via electrolysis and stored for later use. In this study, an energy hub(EH) with both a P2H facility(electrolyzer) and a gas-to-power(G2P) facility(hydrogen gas turbine) is proposed to accommodate a high penetration of wind power. The EH is modeled and integrated into a security-constrained unit commitment(SCUC) problem, and this optimization problem is solved by a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP) method with the Benders decomposition technique. Case studies are presented to validate the proposed model and elaborate on the technological potential of integrating P2H into a power system with a high level of wind penetration(HWP).展开更多
The increasing interdependency of electricity and natural gas systems promotes coordination of the two systems for ensuring operational security and economics.This paper proposes a robust day-ahead scheduling model fo...The increasing interdependency of electricity and natural gas systems promotes coordination of the two systems for ensuring operational security and economics.This paper proposes a robust day-ahead scheduling model for the optimal coordinated operation of integrated energy systems while considering key uncertainties of the power system and natural gas system operation cost. Energy hub,with collocated gas-fired units, power-to-gas(Pt G) facilities, and natural gas storages, is considered to store or convert one type of energy(i.e., electricity or natural gas)into the other form, which could analogously function as large-scale electrical energy storages. The column-andconstraint generation(C&CG) is adopted to solve the proposed integrated robust model, in which nonlinear natural gas network constraints are reformulated via a set of linear constraints. Numerical experiments signify the effectiveness of the proposed model for handling volatile electrical loads and renewable generations via the coordinated scheduling of electricity and natural gas systems.展开更多
基金funded in part by Grant No.DF-091-135-1441 from the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia.
文摘In this paper,we propose STPLF,which stands for the short-term forecasting of locational marginal price components,including the forecasting of non-conforming hourly net loads.The volatility of transmission-level hourly locational marginal prices(LMPs)is caused by several factors,including weather data,hourly gas prices,historical hourly loads,and market prices.In addition,variations of non-conforming net loads,which are affected by behind-the-meter distributed energy resources(DERs)and retail customer loads,could have a major impact on the volatility of hourly LMPs,as bulk grid operators have limited visibility of such retail-level resources.We propose a fusion forecasting model for the STPLF,which uses machine learning and deep learning methods to forecast non-conforming loads and respective hourly prices.Additionally,data preprocessing and feature extraction are used to increase the accuracy of the STPLF.The proposed STPLF model also includes a post-processing stage for calculating the probability of hourly LMP spikes.We use a practical set of data to analyze the STPLF results and validate the proposed probabilistic method for calculating the LMP spikes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52477132 and U2066601).
文摘This paper provides a systematic review on the resilience analysis of active distribution networks(ADNs)against hazardous weather events,considering the underlying cyber-physical interdependencies.As cyber-physical systems,ADNs are characterized by widespread structural and functional interdependen-cies between cyber(communication,computing,and control)and physical(electric power)subsystems and thus present complex hazardous-weather-related resilience issues.To bridge current research gaps,this paper first classifies diverse hazardous weather events for ADNs according to different time spans and degrees of hazard,with model-based and data-driven methods being utilized to characterize weather evolutions.Then,the adverse impacts of hazardous weather on all aspects of ADNs’sources,physical/cyber networks,and loads are analyzed.This paper further emphasizes the importance of situational awareness and cyber-physical collaboration throughout hazardous weather events,as these enhance the implementation of preventive dispatches,corrective actions,and coordinated restorations.In addition,a generalized quantitative resilience evaluation process is proposed regarding additional considerations about cyber subsystems and cyber-physical connections.Finally,potential hazardous-weather-related resilience challenges for both physical and cyber subsystems are discussed.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 62422308).
文摘On the power supply side,renewable energy(RE)is an important substitute to traditional energy,the effective utilization of which has become one of the major challenges in risk-constrained power system operations.This paper proposes a risk-based power dispatching strategy considering the demand response(DR)and RE utilization in the stochastic optimal scheduling of parallel manufacturing process(PMP)in industrial manufacturing enterprises(IME).First,the specific production behavior model of PMP is formulated to characterize the flexibility of power demand.Then,a two-step strategic model is proposed to comprehensively quantify multiple factors in the optimal scheduling of DR in PMP loads considering risk-based power system dispatch,thermal generators,wind power integration.Case studies are based on the modified IEEE 24-bus power system,which verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in optimally coordinating IME assets with generation resources for promoting the RE utilization,as well as the impacts of power transmission risk on decision performance.
文摘微电网作为智能电网的一个组成部分,是自主可控的局部电力系统。微电网主控制器综合考虑了通信、控制和管理功能,在微电网经济和安全运行方面发挥着重要的作用。本文介绍了IIT微电网主控制器的设计与运行原理,讨论了智能电网的优点。在介绍IIT(Illinois Institute of Technology)微电网控制器控制体系层级的基础上,讨论了测试IIT微电网主控制器的详细过程和实验室设置。最后也指出了由微电网主控制器带来的潜在影响,如软件化网络技术的出现和网络化微电网和能源枢纽的发展。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid“Research and Application of Wide Area Multi energy Storage Collaborative Optimization and Control Technology in Provincial Power Grid”.
文摘The integrated electricity-heat-hydrogen system(IEHHS)facilitates the efficient utilization of multiple energy sources,while the operational flexibility of IEHHS is hindered by the high heat inertia of alkaline electrolyzers(AELs)and the variations of renewable energy.In this paper,we propose a robust scheduling of IEHHS considering the bidirectional heat exchange(BHE)between AELs and district heating networks(DHNs).First,we propose an IEHHS model to coordinate the operations of AELs,active distribution networks(ADNs),and DHNs.In particular,we propose a BHE that not only enables the waste heat recovery for district heating but also accelerates the thermal dynamics in AELs.Then,we formulate a two-stage robust optimization(RO)problem for the IEHHS operation to consider the variability of renewable energy in ADNs.We propose a new solution method,i.e.,multi-affine decision rule(MADR),to solve the two-stage RO problem with less conservatism.The simulation results show that the operational flexibility of IEHHS with BHE is remarkably improved compared with that only with unidirectional heat exchange(UHE).Compared with the traditional affine decision rule(ADR),the MADR effectively reduces the IEHHS operating costs while guaranteeing the reliability of scheduling strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52007030,52077136)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Jiangsu Association for Scienceand Technology(TJ-2022-042).
文摘Thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs)have huge thermal inertia and are promising resources to promote consumption of renewable energy sources(RESs)for carbon reduction.Thus,this paper employs the virtual power plant(VPP)to regulate TCLs to address problems caused by RESs.Specifically,a two-stage VPP scheduling framework based on multi-time scale coordinated control of TCLs is proposed to address forecast errors of variable RES power output.In the first stage(hour time scale),TCLs are controlled as virtual generators to mitigate forecast errors between hour-ahead and day-ahead RES power.In the second stage(minute time scale),TCLs are regulated as virtual batteries to mitigate forecast errors between intra-hour and hour-ahead RES power.To respect wills and preferences of end-users,a transactive energy(TE)market within VPP is built to guide TCL behaviors via the price mechanism.Moreover,a stochastic VPP schedule using the Wassersteinmetric-based distributionally robust optimization method is developed to consider RES power uncertainties,and its solution process is transformed into a computationally tractable mixedinteger linear programming problem based on the affine decision rule and duality theory.The proposed method is effectively validated by comparison with robust optimization and stochastic optimization.Simulation results demonstrate the proposed twostage VPP scheduling method employs TCL flexibilities more comprehensively to mitigate RES output power forecast errors in VPP operations.
基金funded in part by the Grant No.RG-15-135-43 from the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia.
文摘The proliferation of distributed energy resources(DERs)and the large-scale electrification of transportation are driving forces behind the ongoing evolution for transforming traditionally passive consumers into prosumers(both consumers and producers)in coordinated power distribution network(PDN)and urban transportation network(UTN).In this new paradigm,peer-to-peer(P2P)energy trading is a promising energy management strategy for dynamically balancing the supply and demand in elec-tricity markets.In this paper,we propose the application of Blockchain(BC)to electric vehicle charging station(EVCS)op-erations to optimally transact energy in a hierarchical P2P framework.In the proposed framework,a decentralised privacy-preserving clearing mechanism is implemented in the transactive energy market(TEM)in which BC's smart contracts are applied in a coordinated PDN and UTN operation.The effectiveness of the proposed TEM and its solution approach are validated via numerical simulations which are performed on a modified IEEE 123-bus PDN and a modified Sioux Falls UTN.
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China(No.5108-202218280A-2-231-XG)。
文摘With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution network(ADN).The operation state of an ADN,which is equipped with DRGs,could rapidly change among multiple states,which include steady,alert,and fault states.It is essential to manage large-scale DRG and enable the safe and economic operation of ADNs.In this paper,the current operation control strategies of ADNs under multiple states are reviewed with the interpretation of each state and the transition among the three aforementioned states.The multi-state identification indicators and identification methods are summarized in detail.The multi-state regulation capacity quantification methods are analyzed considering controllable resources,quantification indicators,and quantification methods.A detailed survey of optimal operation control strategies,including multi-state operations,is presented,and key problems and outlooks for the expansion of ADN are discussed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),Grant/Award Numbers:U22A6007,U2066206。
文摘The concept of‘Energy Internet’(EI)has been widely accepted by both academic and industry experts after more than a decade of development.Since it was proposed,EI has been discussed and applied to many technical works in power and energy areas.Some specific definitions were proposed for EI by those who have applied it to respective fields of engineering,but a comprehensive and widely accepted definition of EI is still being debated.In this paper,we propose the redefinition of EI,based on a comprehensive literature review,some latest trends and driving forces in the global energy industry,as well as its development in the past decade.In addition,we summarise the EI framework and features for future applications,where EI is categorised by its scale into local‐and wide‐area applications to manifest its effectiveness in power and energy.
文摘The power industry's carbon emissions stand out as a primary contributor to the overall carbon dioxide emissions within the energy system under the context of energy Internet.Thus,reducing emissions in the power sector has become crucial for achieving carbon neutrality.However,challenges from the electricity-carbon nexus have surfaced in effectively coordinating and integrating the carbon market with the electricity market.This paper initiates the exploration of such nexus by analysing the current status of major carbon emission trading markets on a global scale.Subsequently,it delves into a comprehensive examination of the coupling between the electricity and carbon markets across three levels:market participants,operational models and market mechanisms.Four key issues are then identified in the electricity-carbon nexus:challenges in decision‐making for market participants,discrepancies in operational timelines,the intricate design of market coupling mechanisms and the spillover effects of market risks.To tackle the above challenges in the electricity-carbon nexus,this paper takes a deep dive into two different models in understanding the nexus including econometric/statistical models and optimisation models,serving as the foundation for understanding the intricacies of electricity-carbon market coupling.This paper concludes with a detailed exploration for future roadmap and research prospects in the electricity-carbon market nexus.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52007032)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province(BK20200385)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2703500).
文摘Power system resilience procurement costs in N-k contingencies have gained more prominence as number of extreme events continues to increase.A chain rule is presented in this paper for extracting resilience procurement costs from a fully decomposed locational marginal price(LMP)model.First,power transfer distribution factor(PTDF)matrices with AC power flow(i.e.,AC-PTDF)are determined.AC-PTDF and AC-LODF(line outage distribution factor)equations are derived for N-k contingencies and a fully decomposed LMP model is developed where generation and transmission security components are established for specific contingencies.Furthermore,resilience procurement costs can be measured at different buses for the proposed security components.Impact of N-k contingencies on resilience procurement costs at specific buses can be determined as proposed security components will gain more insight for resilience procurement in power systems.The modified IEEE 6-bus and 118-bus systems are adopted to verify effectiveness of the proposed resilience procurement method.
文摘To realize a liberalized peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity market in distribution systems with network security, this paper develops a general framework for P2P trading in distribution systems with the utility's operation. The model is formulated as a bi-level programming. The utility's operation is an upper level problem, where a calculation method of network usage charges for P2P trading is also proposed. Peers' P2P trading is a lower level problem. An iterative algorithm based on analytical target cascading (ATC) is proposed to solve the model, where the interactions between utility and peers are presented. Numerical results on the IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate that the proposed method realizes a liberalized P2P market and ensures network security in distribution systems.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51377035)NSFC-RCUK_EPSRC(No.51361130153)
文摘The increasing integration of variable wind generation has aggravated the imbalance between electricity supply and demand. Power-to-hydrogen(P2H) is a promising solution to balance supply and demand in a variable power grid, in which excess wind power is converted into hydrogen via electrolysis and stored for later use. In this study, an energy hub(EH) with both a P2H facility(electrolyzer) and a gas-to-power(G2P) facility(hydrogen gas turbine) is proposed to accommodate a high penetration of wind power. The EH is modeled and integrated into a security-constrained unit commitment(SCUC) problem, and this optimization problem is solved by a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP) method with the Benders decomposition technique. Case studies are presented to validate the proposed model and elaborate on the technological potential of integrating P2H into a power system with a high level of wind penetration(HWP).
基金supported in part by the U.S.National Science Foundation Grant(No.CMMI-1635339)
文摘The increasing interdependency of electricity and natural gas systems promotes coordination of the two systems for ensuring operational security and economics.This paper proposes a robust day-ahead scheduling model for the optimal coordinated operation of integrated energy systems while considering key uncertainties of the power system and natural gas system operation cost. Energy hub,with collocated gas-fired units, power-to-gas(Pt G) facilities, and natural gas storages, is considered to store or convert one type of energy(i.e., electricity or natural gas)into the other form, which could analogously function as large-scale electrical energy storages. The column-andconstraint generation(C&CG) is adopted to solve the proposed integrated robust model, in which nonlinear natural gas network constraints are reformulated via a set of linear constraints. Numerical experiments signify the effectiveness of the proposed model for handling volatile electrical loads and renewable generations via the coordinated scheduling of electricity and natural gas systems.
