Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver diseases and acute liver failure.With advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens,patient survival rates have signi...Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver diseases and acute liver failure.With advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens,patient survival rates have significantly improved.While the systemic complications of post-transplantation are well recognized,ophthalmic manifestations remain underreported.Ophthalmic complications can significantly impair visual function and increase morbidity in these patients.Prolonged immunosuppression makes the patients susceptible to the opportunistic pathogens such as Cytomegalovirus,Candida,Aspergillus,etc.Other common findings include dry eye disease,cataracts and retinal vascular complications which further contribute to the long-term morbidity in these patients.Early ophthalmic evaluation and prompt management are essential to prevent irreversible vision loss and improve post-transplant outcomes.High index of suspicion and multidisciplinary approach is essential to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.This review highlights the range of ophthalmic complications observed in liver transplant recipients and underscores the need for future research focused on understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and refining the prophylactic protocols to improve outcomes in this unique patient population.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most common chronic liver disease with a continually rising global prevalence and significant mortality rates.Emerging evidence suggests a strong a...Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most common chronic liver disease with a continually rising global prevalence and significant mortality rates.Emerging evidence suggests a strong association between MASLD and mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety.In addition to the shared risk factors such as obesity,type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance which contribute to this relationship through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress;other pathophysiological mechanisms such as dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,neurotransmitter imbalances and gut dysbiosis have also been proposed to play a significant role.The current paper aims to review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the association between MASLD and mood disorders such as depression and anxiety.We note a bidirectional relationship between these two disorders,and the dual burden of both these disease processes can be alleviated by early detection and encouraging a more proactive and holistic approach through diet and lifestyle changes.This review summarizes the existing literature on association between MASLD and depression.展开更多
文摘Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver diseases and acute liver failure.With advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens,patient survival rates have significantly improved.While the systemic complications of post-transplantation are well recognized,ophthalmic manifestations remain underreported.Ophthalmic complications can significantly impair visual function and increase morbidity in these patients.Prolonged immunosuppression makes the patients susceptible to the opportunistic pathogens such as Cytomegalovirus,Candida,Aspergillus,etc.Other common findings include dry eye disease,cataracts and retinal vascular complications which further contribute to the long-term morbidity in these patients.Early ophthalmic evaluation and prompt management are essential to prevent irreversible vision loss and improve post-transplant outcomes.High index of suspicion and multidisciplinary approach is essential to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.This review highlights the range of ophthalmic complications observed in liver transplant recipients and underscores the need for future research focused on understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and refining the prophylactic protocols to improve outcomes in this unique patient population.
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is the most common chronic liver disease with a continually rising global prevalence and significant mortality rates.Emerging evidence suggests a strong association between MASLD and mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety.In addition to the shared risk factors such as obesity,type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance which contribute to this relationship through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress;other pathophysiological mechanisms such as dysregulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,neurotransmitter imbalances and gut dysbiosis have also been proposed to play a significant role.The current paper aims to review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the association between MASLD and mood disorders such as depression and anxiety.We note a bidirectional relationship between these two disorders,and the dual burden of both these disease processes can be alleviated by early detection and encouraging a more proactive and holistic approach through diet and lifestyle changes.This review summarizes the existing literature on association between MASLD and depression.
