The XIV iron-oxide prospect in the northern part of the Bafq mining district is hosted by intrusive rocks and demonstrates similar characteristics with Kiruna mineralization. The plutonic complex of the XIV prospect i...The XIV iron-oxide prospect in the northern part of the Bafq mining district is hosted by intrusive rocks and demonstrates similar characteristics with Kiruna mineralization. The plutonic complex of the XIV prospect is composed of two major types of intrusive rocks, including: 1) a granitic intrusive body which is itself composed of two types;a pale-pink leucogranite and a white-gray aplite, as well as 2) a gabbrodiorite intrusive body. Geochemically, these rocks are tholeitic-calcalkaline and metaluminous in nature. Geochemical characteristics of the plutonic rocks of the study area support a non-orogenic continental setting.展开更多
This paper presents an overview about the XIV iron-oxide prospect which is located in the Bafq mining district, central Iran. The prospect and its host rocks were investigated by field observations together with miner...This paper presents an overview about the XIV iron-oxide prospect which is located in the Bafq mining district, central Iran. The prospect and its host rocks were investigated by field observations together with mineralogical and geochemical studies. According to these investigations, the XIV prospect is similar to Kiruna-type iron deposits and demonstrates a magmatic source for the ore forming processes with a metasomatic overprinting.展开更多
The Kehdolan area is located at 20 kilometers to the?south-east of Dozdozan Town (Eastern Azarbaijan Province). According to structural geology, volconic rocks are situated in Alborz-Azarbyjan zone, and faults?are?obs...The Kehdolan area is located at 20 kilometers to the?south-east of Dozdozan Town (Eastern Azarbaijan Province). According to structural geology, volconic rocks are situated in Alborz-Azarbyjan zone, and faults?are?observed?in?the?same direction to this system with SE-NW trend. The results show that kaolinite alteration trend with Argilic and propylitic veins?is the?same direction with SW-NE faults in this area. Therefore, these faults with these trends can be considered as the mineralization control for determination of the alterations. Different image processing techniques,?such as false color composite?(FCC), band ratios, color ratio composite?(CRC), principal component?analysis?(PCA), Crosta technique, supervised spectral angle mapping?(SAM), are used for?identification of the alteration zones associated with copper mineralization. In this project ASTER?data are process and spectral analysis to fit for recognizing intensity and kind of argillic, propylitic,?philic, and ETM+ data?which?are process and to fit for iron oxide and relation to metal mineralization of the area. For recognizing different alterations of the study area, some chemical and mineralogical analysis data from the samples showed that ASTER data and ETM+ data were?capable of hydrothermal alteration mapping with copper mineralization.?Copper mineralization in the region is in agreement with argillic alteration. SW-NE trending faults controlled the mineralization process.展开更多
The Masjed Daghi mineralization is located 30 km southeast of Jolfa city at the bank of Araxes River, northwest Iran. This area is situated in the Alborz-Azarbaijan structural zone of Iran. The most widespread rocks i...The Masjed Daghi mineralization is located 30 km southeast of Jolfa city at the bank of Araxes River, northwest Iran. This area is situated in the Alborz-Azarbaijan structural zone of Iran. The most widespread rocks in the mineralization area are andesite and trachyandesite, while there are rock units of latite tuff, andesitic agglomerate, and hornblende porphyry basalt in eastern hills and Eocene flysch in the southern part of the area. Several intrusive bodies are present in the study area, from which the dominant intrusive rock hosting the mineralization is diorite porphyry. The mineralized rock units of the area are cut by different diorite ad mafic dikes. The most prevalent texture of mineralization is dissemination, while open space filling textures including veins and veinlets, are common as well. Diverse types of alteration including potassic, phyllic, argillic, silicification, and a little of carbonatization were recognized in the field and microscopic observations as well as by XRD. In addition to thick silica veins and stockwork zones, some silica, barite, sulfide, and calcite veins and veinlets have occurred in the Masjed Daghi mineralization area. In this research, 26 doubly polished thin sections (wafers) were prepared and investigated. Four samples were taken from surface veins, while 22 samples were chosen from core samples (of 6 boreholes) of white and grey-white silica, and silica-barite veins. The fluid inclusion studies on 105 primary fluid inclusions indicated five phases for inclusions including: 1) liquid or gas, 2) liquid and gas, 3) liquid, gas, and solid, 4) liquid, gas, halite, and solid, and 5) liquid, gas, halite, and two types of solids. The data gained from fluid inclusions approved two mineralization fluids which caused porphyry and epithermal mineralizations. The porphyry fluid inclusions were homogenized in temperatures of 122°C to 550°C with a maximum of 700°C and average salinity of 55 wt% NaCl equivalent, while the epithermal inclusions indicated an average homogenization temperature of 186°C with an average salinity of 6.23 wt% NaCl equivalent.展开更多
The studied area is located in 30th km of Bouien-Zahra road in Saveh in southern border of Khiaraj 1:100,000 Geology map rectangle (Danesfahan) in South of Takestan of Iran. This area is a part of volcano-plutonic bel...The studied area is located in 30th km of Bouien-Zahra road in Saveh in southern border of Khiaraj 1:100,000 Geology map rectangle (Danesfahan) in South of Takestan of Iran. This area is a part of volcano-plutonic belt of Urumia-Dokhtar. Rocky outcrops in this area are mainly in two types of volcanic and plutonic. Volcanic Rocks with the age of Eocene are Trachyte to trachyandesite and andesite to basalt-andesite. Plutonic stones with the age of Oligo-Miocene to Miocene are in types of quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, Monzonite and Semi-acidic volcanic domes and granite aplite. Due to having dominant fault systems with trends of NW-SE and NE-SW in an intersectional manner in this area, vein-veinlets Siliciclastic sulfide mineralization can be observed in line with the same faults. Monzonite intrusive rocks are considered as host stone of these mineralizations. The information obtained from field observations and laboratory studies confirms the main alteration along with mineralization in types of silicic and pyrite, sericite, carbonate, argillic and propylitic. Mineralogy Paragenesis in the study area includes Pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, colitis, malachite, hematite and goethite and the most important Gang minerals including quartz, calcite, albite, sericite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, epidote, alunite and jarosite, and according to carried out studies, copper, gold and silver are among mineralizing elements and elements such as molybdenum, cadmium, arsenic and mercury show anomalies as accompanying and guidance elements in some of the samples. The grade of copper in this area in sulfide siliciclastic veins is 1% to 3% and the grade of gold is 130 ppm and the grade of silver is reportable from 0.5 ppm to 6 ppm. Based on the geothermometry studies of fluid inclusions, homogenization temperature from 150°C?to 300°C?and the salinity grade from 4 to 5.5 percent indicate the fact that an epithermal hydrothermal system in final stages controls the mineralization of the area.展开更多
The Saheb Fe-Cu skarn deposit is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt, SE Saqqez, western Iran and has been formed along the contact between the Oligo-Miocene aged Saheb granitoid and the Permian aged impur...The Saheb Fe-Cu skarn deposit is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt, SE Saqqez, western Iran and has been formed along the contact between the Oligo-Miocene aged Saheb granitoid and the Permian aged impure calcareous rocks and includes endoskarn and exoskarn. Exoskarn is widely developed and includes garnet and epidote skarn zones. The majority of mineralized zones are concentrated in garnet skarn. The relatively oxidizing mineralogical assemblage of the Saheb skarn includes garnet (andradite-grossular), pyroxene (diopside-hedenbergite), magnetite and hematite. Magnetite is the main and abundant ore mineral throughout the ore deposit. Based on field evidences and microscopic studies of skarn zone samples, two stages of prograde and retrograde alteration are distinguishable. According to the results of sample analysis of Saheb skarn intrusive body by XRF and ICP-MS techniques, the combination of this body is chiefly granite to granodiorite-diorite and belongs to the I-type granitoids, metaluminous and K-rich calc-alkaline series. The Saheb granitoid is related to the VAG (Volcanic Arc Granite) tectonic setting.展开更多
The study area, in east of Zanjan, with NW-SE trend exposed and structurally is located in Alborz-Azarbaijan zone and Tarom subzone. The mass composition is in monzogranite, quartz-monzonite, monzonite, quartz-monzodi...The study area, in east of Zanjan, with NW-SE trend exposed and structurally is located in Alborz-Azarbaijan zone and Tarom subzone. The mass composition is in monzogranite, quartz-monzonite, monzonite, quartz-monzodiorite and monzodiorite range. It belongs to high K calc-alkaline to Shoshsonitic magmatic series. According to the geochemistry and petrogenesis results, partial melting of magma has been the important controlling process of rock variety in the study area. All samples have negative anomalies of Nb that is related to subduction and active continental coastline zones as well as high anomalies of K, Rb and Ba explaining the role of continental crust or contamination with the continental crust. Granitic volcanic arc related environments and syenite alkali feldspar masses reflect the granite mass within the plate. Monzonites and diorites point to the volcanic arc and syenite and granite masses show within the plate environments.展开更多
The Robat geological study area is located 32 Km west-northwest of Khomein town. From the geo-structural point of view, it is in the median part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone [1], and from the mineralization aspect it i...The Robat geological study area is located 32 Km west-northwest of Khomein town. From the geo-structural point of view, it is in the median part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone [1], and from the mineralization aspect it is part of the Malayer-Esfahan Pb-Zn metallogenic belt [2]. The main hostrock of Pb-Zn ore-mineralization at the Robat deposit is the upper parts of the orbitolina-bearing limestone at its contact with the overlying unit of marl. Ore mineralization is characterized by vein-veinlet, fracture-filling and replacement textures, associated with silica, carbonate, argillic and hematitic alterations [3]. Geochemical trends of minor elements in ore represent positive correlation of Sb, Ag, Cu, Bi, Sn, Fe, U, Th, W, V, Zr and Y with Pb and Zn. Fluid inclusion study of samples indicates that primary fluid inclusions mainly consist of liquid, having an average temperature of homogeneity in the range of 160°C to 270°C, having the most frequency in the range of 180°C to 190°C at an average of 5 to 10 wt% NaCl equivalent for salinity. Based on the graph of pressure variations versus salinity (representing paleo-depth), it is understood that ore-mineralization at the Robat deposit is estimated to have formed at less than 50 bars pressure representing depths shallower than 200 m. Fluid inclusion study renders that the low salinity could be resulted from dilution by meteoric waters, also indicating that boiling could be the major mineral precipitation process. Therefore, it is concluded, based on these studies, besides field evidence, that the Robat Pb-Zn deposit shows strong affinity with MVT Pb-Zn mineralization type.展开更多
文摘The XIV iron-oxide prospect in the northern part of the Bafq mining district is hosted by intrusive rocks and demonstrates similar characteristics with Kiruna mineralization. The plutonic complex of the XIV prospect is composed of two major types of intrusive rocks, including: 1) a granitic intrusive body which is itself composed of two types;a pale-pink leucogranite and a white-gray aplite, as well as 2) a gabbrodiorite intrusive body. Geochemically, these rocks are tholeitic-calcalkaline and metaluminous in nature. Geochemical characteristics of the plutonic rocks of the study area support a non-orogenic continental setting.
文摘This paper presents an overview about the XIV iron-oxide prospect which is located in the Bafq mining district, central Iran. The prospect and its host rocks were investigated by field observations together with mineralogical and geochemical studies. According to these investigations, the XIV prospect is similar to Kiruna-type iron deposits and demonstrates a magmatic source for the ore forming processes with a metasomatic overprinting.
文摘The Kehdolan area is located at 20 kilometers to the?south-east of Dozdozan Town (Eastern Azarbaijan Province). According to structural geology, volconic rocks are situated in Alborz-Azarbyjan zone, and faults?are?observed?in?the?same direction to this system with SE-NW trend. The results show that kaolinite alteration trend with Argilic and propylitic veins?is the?same direction with SW-NE faults in this area. Therefore, these faults with these trends can be considered as the mineralization control for determination of the alterations. Different image processing techniques,?such as false color composite?(FCC), band ratios, color ratio composite?(CRC), principal component?analysis?(PCA), Crosta technique, supervised spectral angle mapping?(SAM), are used for?identification of the alteration zones associated with copper mineralization. In this project ASTER?data are process and spectral analysis to fit for recognizing intensity and kind of argillic, propylitic,?philic, and ETM+ data?which?are process and to fit for iron oxide and relation to metal mineralization of the area. For recognizing different alterations of the study area, some chemical and mineralogical analysis data from the samples showed that ASTER data and ETM+ data were?capable of hydrothermal alteration mapping with copper mineralization.?Copper mineralization in the region is in agreement with argillic alteration. SW-NE trending faults controlled the mineralization process.
文摘The Masjed Daghi mineralization is located 30 km southeast of Jolfa city at the bank of Araxes River, northwest Iran. This area is situated in the Alborz-Azarbaijan structural zone of Iran. The most widespread rocks in the mineralization area are andesite and trachyandesite, while there are rock units of latite tuff, andesitic agglomerate, and hornblende porphyry basalt in eastern hills and Eocene flysch in the southern part of the area. Several intrusive bodies are present in the study area, from which the dominant intrusive rock hosting the mineralization is diorite porphyry. The mineralized rock units of the area are cut by different diorite ad mafic dikes. The most prevalent texture of mineralization is dissemination, while open space filling textures including veins and veinlets, are common as well. Diverse types of alteration including potassic, phyllic, argillic, silicification, and a little of carbonatization were recognized in the field and microscopic observations as well as by XRD. In addition to thick silica veins and stockwork zones, some silica, barite, sulfide, and calcite veins and veinlets have occurred in the Masjed Daghi mineralization area. In this research, 26 doubly polished thin sections (wafers) were prepared and investigated. Four samples were taken from surface veins, while 22 samples were chosen from core samples (of 6 boreholes) of white and grey-white silica, and silica-barite veins. The fluid inclusion studies on 105 primary fluid inclusions indicated five phases for inclusions including: 1) liquid or gas, 2) liquid and gas, 3) liquid, gas, and solid, 4) liquid, gas, halite, and solid, and 5) liquid, gas, halite, and two types of solids. The data gained from fluid inclusions approved two mineralization fluids which caused porphyry and epithermal mineralizations. The porphyry fluid inclusions were homogenized in temperatures of 122°C to 550°C with a maximum of 700°C and average salinity of 55 wt% NaCl equivalent, while the epithermal inclusions indicated an average homogenization temperature of 186°C with an average salinity of 6.23 wt% NaCl equivalent.
文摘The studied area is located in 30th km of Bouien-Zahra road in Saveh in southern border of Khiaraj 1:100,000 Geology map rectangle (Danesfahan) in South of Takestan of Iran. This area is a part of volcano-plutonic belt of Urumia-Dokhtar. Rocky outcrops in this area are mainly in two types of volcanic and plutonic. Volcanic Rocks with the age of Eocene are Trachyte to trachyandesite and andesite to basalt-andesite. Plutonic stones with the age of Oligo-Miocene to Miocene are in types of quartz diorite, quartz monzonite, Monzonite and Semi-acidic volcanic domes and granite aplite. Due to having dominant fault systems with trends of NW-SE and NE-SW in an intersectional manner in this area, vein-veinlets Siliciclastic sulfide mineralization can be observed in line with the same faults. Monzonite intrusive rocks are considered as host stone of these mineralizations. The information obtained from field observations and laboratory studies confirms the main alteration along with mineralization in types of silicic and pyrite, sericite, carbonate, argillic and propylitic. Mineralogy Paragenesis in the study area includes Pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, colitis, malachite, hematite and goethite and the most important Gang minerals including quartz, calcite, albite, sericite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, epidote, alunite and jarosite, and according to carried out studies, copper, gold and silver are among mineralizing elements and elements such as molybdenum, cadmium, arsenic and mercury show anomalies as accompanying and guidance elements in some of the samples. The grade of copper in this area in sulfide siliciclastic veins is 1% to 3% and the grade of gold is 130 ppm and the grade of silver is reportable from 0.5 ppm to 6 ppm. Based on the geothermometry studies of fluid inclusions, homogenization temperature from 150°C?to 300°C?and the salinity grade from 4 to 5.5 percent indicate the fact that an epithermal hydrothermal system in final stages controls the mineralization of the area.
文摘The Saheb Fe-Cu skarn deposit is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt, SE Saqqez, western Iran and has been formed along the contact between the Oligo-Miocene aged Saheb granitoid and the Permian aged impure calcareous rocks and includes endoskarn and exoskarn. Exoskarn is widely developed and includes garnet and epidote skarn zones. The majority of mineralized zones are concentrated in garnet skarn. The relatively oxidizing mineralogical assemblage of the Saheb skarn includes garnet (andradite-grossular), pyroxene (diopside-hedenbergite), magnetite and hematite. Magnetite is the main and abundant ore mineral throughout the ore deposit. Based on field evidences and microscopic studies of skarn zone samples, two stages of prograde and retrograde alteration are distinguishable. According to the results of sample analysis of Saheb skarn intrusive body by XRF and ICP-MS techniques, the combination of this body is chiefly granite to granodiorite-diorite and belongs to the I-type granitoids, metaluminous and K-rich calc-alkaline series. The Saheb granitoid is related to the VAG (Volcanic Arc Granite) tectonic setting.
文摘The study area, in east of Zanjan, with NW-SE trend exposed and structurally is located in Alborz-Azarbaijan zone and Tarom subzone. The mass composition is in monzogranite, quartz-monzonite, monzonite, quartz-monzodiorite and monzodiorite range. It belongs to high K calc-alkaline to Shoshsonitic magmatic series. According to the geochemistry and petrogenesis results, partial melting of magma has been the important controlling process of rock variety in the study area. All samples have negative anomalies of Nb that is related to subduction and active continental coastline zones as well as high anomalies of K, Rb and Ba explaining the role of continental crust or contamination with the continental crust. Granitic volcanic arc related environments and syenite alkali feldspar masses reflect the granite mass within the plate. Monzonites and diorites point to the volcanic arc and syenite and granite masses show within the plate environments.
文摘The Robat geological study area is located 32 Km west-northwest of Khomein town. From the geo-structural point of view, it is in the median part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone [1], and from the mineralization aspect it is part of the Malayer-Esfahan Pb-Zn metallogenic belt [2]. The main hostrock of Pb-Zn ore-mineralization at the Robat deposit is the upper parts of the orbitolina-bearing limestone at its contact with the overlying unit of marl. Ore mineralization is characterized by vein-veinlet, fracture-filling and replacement textures, associated with silica, carbonate, argillic and hematitic alterations [3]. Geochemical trends of minor elements in ore represent positive correlation of Sb, Ag, Cu, Bi, Sn, Fe, U, Th, W, V, Zr and Y with Pb and Zn. Fluid inclusion study of samples indicates that primary fluid inclusions mainly consist of liquid, having an average temperature of homogeneity in the range of 160°C to 270°C, having the most frequency in the range of 180°C to 190°C at an average of 5 to 10 wt% NaCl equivalent for salinity. Based on the graph of pressure variations versus salinity (representing paleo-depth), it is understood that ore-mineralization at the Robat deposit is estimated to have formed at less than 50 bars pressure representing depths shallower than 200 m. Fluid inclusion study renders that the low salinity could be resulted from dilution by meteoric waters, also indicating that boiling could be the major mineral precipitation process. Therefore, it is concluded, based on these studies, besides field evidence, that the Robat Pb-Zn deposit shows strong affinity with MVT Pb-Zn mineralization type.
