The middle Cretaceous Kazhdumi Formation,with a thickness of 222 m,belongs to the Bangestan Group and occurs in the Zagros folded zone in southwest Iran.The lower boundary with the Dariyan Formation is disconformable,...The middle Cretaceous Kazhdumi Formation,with a thickness of 222 m,belongs to the Bangestan Group and occurs in the Zagros folded zone in southwest Iran.The lower boundary with the Dariyan Formation is disconformable,which is recognized by iron oxides and glauconite.The recognized microfossils are Valvulammina sp.,Scandonea sp.,Daxia cenomana,Choffatela sp., Pseudolituonella reicheli and calcareous algae-Lithocodium aggregation（which belongs to the Sarvak Formation）,representing the beginning of Cenomanian.Other microfossils are：Ammobaculites goodlandensis,Marsonella trochus,Hemicyclammina sigali,Praechrysalidina infracretacea,Orbitolina gr.concava,Orbitolina（conicorbitolina）conica,Orbitolina subconcava,Salpingoporella sp.,Trinocladus tripolitanus,Trinocladus sp.,Permocalculus irenae and Dissocladella deserta.These microfossils can be classified into five assemblage zones.展开更多
To enable the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphie study of the Gurpi Formation, within the ＇Dezak＇ or Globigerina Marl, a stratigraphic section at Booraki, located to the NNW of Shiraz, SW Iran, through the late...To enable the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphie study of the Gurpi Formation, within the ＇Dezak＇ or Globigerina Marl, a stratigraphic section at Booraki, located to the NNW of Shiraz, SW Iran, through the late Cretaceous was examined. The formation consists of shale and greenish-gray marls interbedded with cream limestone, brown sandstones and siltstones with an exposed thickness of 160 m in the studied section. Samples were taken at regular intervals in all yielding 14 genera and 16 different species of benthic and planktic foraminifera that allowed determination of the age of the beds as Maastrichtian. To examine the paleoecology of the formation, some important ecological factors including water level, salinity, and oxygen regime change during the depositional courses of the formation were analyzed. The density of foraminiferans decreases from the base to top of the Gurpi Formation whereas the ratio of planktic to benthic Foraminifera （i.e., P/B） and proportion of shallow-water fauna increase. These foraminiferal changes indicate an increase and decrease in depth, temperature, salinity and oxygen, respectively, at the base and top of the Formation.展开更多
The Asmari Formation （a giant hydrocarbon reservoir） is a thick carbonate sequence of the Oligocene Miocene in the Zagros Basin, southwest of h＇an. This formation is exposed at Tang-e-Lendeh in the Fars interior zo...The Asmari Formation （a giant hydrocarbon reservoir） is a thick carbonate sequence of the Oligocene Miocene in the Zagros Basin, southwest of h＇an. This formation is exposed at Tang-e-Lendeh in the Fars interior zone with a thickness of 190 m comprising medium and thick to massive bedded carbonates. The age of the Asmari Formation in the study area is the late Oligocene （Chattian）-early Miocene （Burdigalian）. Ten microfacies are defined, characterizing a gradual shallowing upward trend; the related environments are as follows： open marine （MF 8-10）, restricted lagoon （MF 6-7）, shoal （MF 3 5）, lagoon （MF 2）, and tidal fiat （MF 1 ）. Based on the environmental interpretations, a homoclinal ramp consisting of inner and middle parts prevails. MF 3-7 are characterized by the occmrence of large and small porcelaneous benthic foraminifera representing a shallow-water setting of an inner ramp, influenced by wave and tidal pro- cesses. MF 8-10, with large particles of coral and algae, represent a deeper fair weather wave base of a middle ramp setting.展开更多
The Aghajari Formation, called also the Upper Fars, develops throughout the Folded Zagros Zone and its thickness in the type section in southwest of Iran is 2966 meters. To analyze the sedimentary basin of this Format...The Aghajari Formation, called also the Upper Fars, develops throughout the Folded Zagros Zone and its thickness in the type section in southwest of Iran is 2966 meters. To analyze the sedimentary basin of this Formation, lithofacies, architectural elements and petrofacies of the related deposits in a section in southeast of Sarvestan in Fars Province of Iran with a thickness of 2221.45 meters were examined. Microscopically studying thin sections, the petrography and the occurrence of the deposits were determined. In this section, 16 lithofacies, 10 architectural elements and 2 sandstone petrofacies were identified. The lithofacies were divided into two major and minor groups, in which the major lithofacies consist of coarse-grained （Gh, Gp, Gt and Gm）, medium-grained （Sh, Sp, St, Sl, Sm, Sr and Ss and fine-grained ones （Fm, Fl and Fsm）, and the minor lithofacies were evaporative and mixed silisiclastic-carbonate. The identified architectural elements are CH, SB, GB, LA, DA, CR, CS, LV, LS, CH （FF） and FF. By combining evidences from facies analysis and architectural elements together, the Aghajari Formation was divided into three parts in which the related sedimentation environments, from top to bottom, are gravel, gravel-sand and fine-grained meandering river respectively. There have also been playas and shoreface in the lower part. Based on petrography, the sandstones of this formation were classified into two groups： litharenite and sublitharenite. The origin of these deposits （sandstones） was appointed to the recycled orogeny and the source of quartz is low and medium to high metamorphic rank. Using the field evidences, the paleocurrent direction was achieved indicating the direction of the paleocurrent from northwest to southeast at the time of deposition. It is hoped that these data can be used in the interpretation of the basin and reconstruction of the paleogeography in the local and regional scales.展开更多
This article has been retracted:please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal(https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in...This article has been retracted:please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal(https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.The article duplicates significant parts of three other articles without proper citations(Allahkarampour Dill,M.,Seyrafian,A.,Vaziri-Moghaddam,H.,2010.The Asmari Formation,north of the Gascharan(Dill anticline),southwest Iran:facies analysis,depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy,Carbonates Evaporites,25,145-160,https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-010-0021-6;Jamalian,M.,Adabi,M.H.,Moussavi,M.R.,Sadeghi,A.,Baghbani,D.,Ariyafar,B.,2011.Facies characteristic and plaoenvironmental reconstruction of the Faliyan Formation,Lower Cretaceous,in the Kuh-e Siah area,Zagros basin,southern Iran.Facies 57,101-122,https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-010-0231-3;Bahrami,M.,Sahraeyan,M.,Taherkhani,K.,2012,Microfacies and Sedimentary environments of Dalan Formation at Surmeh Mountain,Folded Zagros Zone,Southwestern Iran.International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4,380-389,https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v1i4.251).The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.展开更多
The Fahliyan Formation is a carbonate sequence of Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian-Hauterivian) in age and was deposited in the Zagros sedimentary basin. This formation is a part of Khami Group and is a reservoir rock in ...The Fahliyan Formation is a carbonate sequence of Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian-Hauterivian) in age and was deposited in the Zagros sedimentary basin. This formation is a part of Khami Group and is a reservoir rock in Zagros Basin. This formation was investigated by a detailed petrographic analysis in order to clarify the depositional facies and sedimentary environment in the Kuh-e-Gadvan in Fars Province. Petrographic studies led to the recognition of nine microfacies that were deposited in four facies belts: tidal flat, lagoon, and barrier and shallow open-marine. An absence of turbidite deposits, reefal facies, and gradual facies changes indicate that the Fahliyan Formation was deposited on a carbonate ramp.展开更多
文摘The middle Cretaceous Kazhdumi Formation,with a thickness of 222 m,belongs to the Bangestan Group and occurs in the Zagros folded zone in southwest Iran.The lower boundary with the Dariyan Formation is disconformable,which is recognized by iron oxides and glauconite.The recognized microfossils are Valvulammina sp.,Scandonea sp.,Daxia cenomana,Choffatela sp., Pseudolituonella reicheli and calcareous algae-Lithocodium aggregation（which belongs to the Sarvak Formation）,representing the beginning of Cenomanian.Other microfossils are：Ammobaculites goodlandensis,Marsonella trochus,Hemicyclammina sigali,Praechrysalidina infracretacea,Orbitolina gr.concava,Orbitolina（conicorbitolina）conica,Orbitolina subconcava,Salpingoporella sp.,Trinocladus tripolitanus,Trinocladus sp.,Permocalculus irenae and Dissocladella deserta.These microfossils can be classified into five assemblage zones.
文摘To enable the lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphie study of the Gurpi Formation, within the ＇Dezak＇ or Globigerina Marl, a stratigraphic section at Booraki, located to the NNW of Shiraz, SW Iran, through the late Cretaceous was examined. The formation consists of shale and greenish-gray marls interbedded with cream limestone, brown sandstones and siltstones with an exposed thickness of 160 m in the studied section. Samples were taken at regular intervals in all yielding 14 genera and 16 different species of benthic and planktic foraminifera that allowed determination of the age of the beds as Maastrichtian. To examine the paleoecology of the formation, some important ecological factors including water level, salinity, and oxygen regime change during the depositional courses of the formation were analyzed. The density of foraminiferans decreases from the base to top of the Gurpi Formation whereas the ratio of planktic to benthic Foraminifera （i.e., P/B） and proportion of shallow-water fauna increase. These foraminiferal changes indicate an increase and decrease in depth, temperature, salinity and oxygen, respectively, at the base and top of the Formation.
文摘The Asmari Formation （a giant hydrocarbon reservoir） is a thick carbonate sequence of the Oligocene Miocene in the Zagros Basin, southwest of h＇an. This formation is exposed at Tang-e-Lendeh in the Fars interior zone with a thickness of 190 m comprising medium and thick to massive bedded carbonates. The age of the Asmari Formation in the study area is the late Oligocene （Chattian）-early Miocene （Burdigalian）. Ten microfacies are defined, characterizing a gradual shallowing upward trend; the related environments are as follows： open marine （MF 8-10）, restricted lagoon （MF 6-7）, shoal （MF 3 5）, lagoon （MF 2）, and tidal fiat （MF 1 ）. Based on the environmental interpretations, a homoclinal ramp consisting of inner and middle parts prevails. MF 3-7 are characterized by the occmrence of large and small porcelaneous benthic foraminifera representing a shallow-water setting of an inner ramp, influenced by wave and tidal pro- cesses. MF 8-10, with large particles of coral and algae, represent a deeper fair weather wave base of a middle ramp setting.
基金Islamic Azad University,Khorasgan(Esfahan)Branch grants commission(Grant No.238341892005)
文摘The Aghajari Formation, called also the Upper Fars, develops throughout the Folded Zagros Zone and its thickness in the type section in southwest of Iran is 2966 meters. To analyze the sedimentary basin of this Formation, lithofacies, architectural elements and petrofacies of the related deposits in a section in southeast of Sarvestan in Fars Province of Iran with a thickness of 2221.45 meters were examined. Microscopically studying thin sections, the petrography and the occurrence of the deposits were determined. In this section, 16 lithofacies, 10 architectural elements and 2 sandstone petrofacies were identified. The lithofacies were divided into two major and minor groups, in which the major lithofacies consist of coarse-grained （Gh, Gp, Gt and Gm）, medium-grained （Sh, Sp, St, Sl, Sm, Sr and Ss and fine-grained ones （Fm, Fl and Fsm）, and the minor lithofacies were evaporative and mixed silisiclastic-carbonate. The identified architectural elements are CH, SB, GB, LA, DA, CR, CS, LV, LS, CH （FF） and FF. By combining evidences from facies analysis and architectural elements together, the Aghajari Formation was divided into three parts in which the related sedimentation environments, from top to bottom, are gravel, gravel-sand and fine-grained meandering river respectively. There have also been playas and shoreface in the lower part. Based on petrography, the sandstones of this formation were classified into two groups： litharenite and sublitharenite. The origin of these deposits （sandstones） was appointed to the recycled orogeny and the source of quartz is low and medium to high metamorphic rank. Using the field evidences, the paleocurrent direction was achieved indicating the direction of the paleocurrent from northwest to southeast at the time of deposition. It is hoped that these data can be used in the interpretation of the basin and reconstruction of the paleogeography in the local and regional scales.
文摘This article has been retracted:please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal(https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.The article duplicates significant parts of three other articles without proper citations(Allahkarampour Dill,M.,Seyrafian,A.,Vaziri-Moghaddam,H.,2010.The Asmari Formation,north of the Gascharan(Dill anticline),southwest Iran:facies analysis,depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy,Carbonates Evaporites,25,145-160,https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-010-0021-6;Jamalian,M.,Adabi,M.H.,Moussavi,M.R.,Sadeghi,A.,Baghbani,D.,Ariyafar,B.,2011.Facies characteristic and plaoenvironmental reconstruction of the Faliyan Formation,Lower Cretaceous,in the Kuh-e Siah area,Zagros basin,southern Iran.Facies 57,101-122,https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-010-0231-3;Bahrami,M.,Sahraeyan,M.,Taherkhani,K.,2012,Microfacies and Sedimentary environments of Dalan Formation at Surmeh Mountain,Folded Zagros Zone,Southwestern Iran.International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4,380-389,https://doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v1i4.251).The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
文摘The Fahliyan Formation is a carbonate sequence of Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian-Hauterivian) in age and was deposited in the Zagros sedimentary basin. This formation is a part of Khami Group and is a reservoir rock in Zagros Basin. This formation was investigated by a detailed petrographic analysis in order to clarify the depositional facies and sedimentary environment in the Kuh-e-Gadvan in Fars Province. Petrographic studies led to the recognition of nine microfacies that were deposited in four facies belts: tidal flat, lagoon, and barrier and shallow open-marine. An absence of turbidite deposits, reefal facies, and gradual facies changes indicate that the Fahliyan Formation was deposited on a carbonate ramp.
