This work carried out a measurement study of the Ethereum Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network to gain a better understanding of the underlying nodes.Ethereum was applied because it pioneered distributed applications,smart contra...This work carried out a measurement study of the Ethereum Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network to gain a better understanding of the underlying nodes.Ethereum was applied because it pioneered distributed applications,smart contracts,and Web3.Moreover,its application layer language“Solidity”is widely used in smart contracts across different public and private blockchains.To this end,we wrote a new Ethereum client based on Geth to collect Ethereum node information.Moreover,various web scrapers have been written to collect nodes’historical data fromthe Internet Archive and the Wayback Machine project.The collected data has been compared with two other services that harvest the number of Ethereumnodes.Ourmethod has collectedmore than 30% more than the other services.The data trained a neural network model regarding time series to predict the number of online nodes in the future.Our findings show that there are less than 20% of the same nodes daily,indicating thatmost nodes in the network change frequently.It poses a question of the stability of the network.Furthermore,historical data shows that the top ten countries with Ethereum clients have not changed since 2016.The popular operating system of the underlying nodes has shifted from Windows to Linux over time,increasing node security.The results have also shown that the number of Middle East and North Africa(MENA)Ethereum nodes is neglected compared with nodes recorded from other regions.It opens the door for developing new mechanisms to encourage users from these regions to contribute to this technology.Finally,the model has been trained and demonstrated an accuracy of 92% in predicting the future number of nodes in the Ethereum network.展开更多
IEEE802.11,known as WiFi has proliferated in the last decade.It can be found in smartphones,laptops,smart TVs and surveillance cameras.This popularity has revealed many issues in health,data privacy and security.In th...IEEE802.11,known as WiFi has proliferated in the last decade.It can be found in smartphones,laptops,smart TVs and surveillance cameras.This popularity has revealed many issues in health,data privacy and security.In this work,a WiFi measurement study has been conducted in Amman,the capital city of Jordan.An Android App has been written to harvest WiFi information of the transmitted frames of any surrounding Access points(APs).More than 240,000 APs information has been harvested in this work.The harvested data have been analyzed to find statistics ofWiFi devices in this city.Moreover,three power distribution models have been derived from the data for three different areas,closed,open and hybrid areas.In addition,the collected data revealed that the SSID can be leveraged as a landmark for the access points(APs).To this end,SSIDtrack algorithm is proposed to track shoppers/walkers in closed areas,such as malls to find their walking route utilizing only the SSID information collected from the surrounding area.The algorithm has been tested in two different malls that consist of four different floors.The accuracy recorded for the algorithm acceded 95%.展开更多
Energy efficiency optimization techniques of electrical drive systems improve the overall efficiency and reduce the hardness of mechanical characteristics of the drive system. It is therefore important to reduce the s...Energy efficiency optimization techniques of electrical drive systems improve the overall efficiency and reduce the hardness of mechanical characteristics of the drive system. It is therefore important to reduce the slip of induction motor to maintain its stable operation at different frequencies and loads. In this paper a slip compensator, based on fuzzy logic incremental controller has been developed to improve the steady state performance of efficiency-optimized three-phase induction motor drive system. The slip control is accomplished through a fuzzy controller with 9 rules, taking speed error and speed error variation as inputs, to produce the frequency. The proposed controller reduces the slip occurring at low frequencies and light loads to certain value, and also reduces the energy efficiency of the system.展开更多
This work aimed to find a proper control strategy to transfer loads using overhead cranes. The proposed control strategy, which is Fuzzy PD-based, should take into account two main factors. First, the time needed to m...This work aimed to find a proper control strategy to transfer loads using overhead cranes. The proposed control strategy, which is Fuzzy PD-based, should take into account two main factors. First, the time needed to move the payload from the initial pick up point to the destination point that must be minimized. Second, the oscillation of the payload must be reduced to prevent hazards for people and equipment in the work place. The current work, presents a comparative analysis of fuzzy PD based control basing on classical PD approach. A simplified model has been derived. The proposed control techniques have been designed and validated with MatLab. Numerical comparative results have been obtained and discussed.展开更多
基金the Arab Open University for Funding this work through AOU Research Fund No.(AOURG-2023-006).
文摘This work carried out a measurement study of the Ethereum Peer-to-Peer(P2P)network to gain a better understanding of the underlying nodes.Ethereum was applied because it pioneered distributed applications,smart contracts,and Web3.Moreover,its application layer language“Solidity”is widely used in smart contracts across different public and private blockchains.To this end,we wrote a new Ethereum client based on Geth to collect Ethereum node information.Moreover,various web scrapers have been written to collect nodes’historical data fromthe Internet Archive and the Wayback Machine project.The collected data has been compared with two other services that harvest the number of Ethereumnodes.Ourmethod has collectedmore than 30% more than the other services.The data trained a neural network model regarding time series to predict the number of online nodes in the future.Our findings show that there are less than 20% of the same nodes daily,indicating thatmost nodes in the network change frequently.It poses a question of the stability of the network.Furthermore,historical data shows that the top ten countries with Ethereum clients have not changed since 2016.The popular operating system of the underlying nodes has shifted from Windows to Linux over time,increasing node security.The results have also shown that the number of Middle East and North Africa(MENA)Ethereum nodes is neglected compared with nodes recorded from other regions.It opens the door for developing new mechanisms to encourage users from these regions to contribute to this technology.Finally,the model has been trained and demonstrated an accuracy of 92% in predicting the future number of nodes in the Ethereum network.
基金This work is funded by Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan under project name“miniature distributed architecture for massive data processing”with the grant number 15/12/2019-2020。
文摘IEEE802.11,known as WiFi has proliferated in the last decade.It can be found in smartphones,laptops,smart TVs and surveillance cameras.This popularity has revealed many issues in health,data privacy and security.In this work,a WiFi measurement study has been conducted in Amman,the capital city of Jordan.An Android App has been written to harvest WiFi information of the transmitted frames of any surrounding Access points(APs).More than 240,000 APs information has been harvested in this work.The harvested data have been analyzed to find statistics ofWiFi devices in this city.Moreover,three power distribution models have been derived from the data for three different areas,closed,open and hybrid areas.In addition,the collected data revealed that the SSID can be leveraged as a landmark for the access points(APs).To this end,SSIDtrack algorithm is proposed to track shoppers/walkers in closed areas,such as malls to find their walking route utilizing only the SSID information collected from the surrounding area.The algorithm has been tested in two different malls that consist of four different floors.The accuracy recorded for the algorithm acceded 95%.
文摘Energy efficiency optimization techniques of electrical drive systems improve the overall efficiency and reduce the hardness of mechanical characteristics of the drive system. It is therefore important to reduce the slip of induction motor to maintain its stable operation at different frequencies and loads. In this paper a slip compensator, based on fuzzy logic incremental controller has been developed to improve the steady state performance of efficiency-optimized three-phase induction motor drive system. The slip control is accomplished through a fuzzy controller with 9 rules, taking speed error and speed error variation as inputs, to produce the frequency. The proposed controller reduces the slip occurring at low frequencies and light loads to certain value, and also reduces the energy efficiency of the system.
文摘This work aimed to find a proper control strategy to transfer loads using overhead cranes. The proposed control strategy, which is Fuzzy PD-based, should take into account two main factors. First, the time needed to move the payload from the initial pick up point to the destination point that must be minimized. Second, the oscillation of the payload must be reduced to prevent hazards for people and equipment in the work place. The current work, presents a comparative analysis of fuzzy PD based control basing on classical PD approach. A simplified model has been derived. The proposed control techniques have been designed and validated with MatLab. Numerical comparative results have been obtained and discussed.
