This research focuses on the electric behavior of a mixed ferrielectric sulflower-like nanostructure.The structure includes a core with spin S_(i)^(Z)-1 atoms and a shell with spin σ_(j)^(Z)-5/2 atoms.The Blume–Cape...This research focuses on the electric behavior of a mixed ferrielectric sulflower-like nanostructure.The structure includes a core with spin S_(i)^(Z)-1 atoms and a shell with spin σ_(j)^(Z)-5/2 atoms.The Blume–Capel model and the Monte Carlo technique(MCt)with the Metropolis algorithm are employed.Diagrams are established for absolute zero,investigating stable spin configurations correlated with various physical parameters.The MCt method explores phase transition behavior and electric hysteresis cycles under different physical parameters.展开更多
Plants in their natural environment are constantly subjected to various abiotic and biotic stressors and,therefore,have developed several defense mechanisms to maintain fitness.Stress responses are intricate and requi...Plants in their natural environment are constantly subjected to various abiotic and biotic stressors and,therefore,have developed several defense mechanisms to maintain fitness.Stress responses are intricate and require various physiological,biochemical,and cellular changes in plants.The reaction mechanisms in plants subjected to drought,salinity,or heat stress alone have been explained in numerous studies.However,the field conditions are significantly different from the controlled laboratory conditions.In the field,crops or plants are simultaneously exposed to two or more abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions,such as a combination of salinity and heat,drought and cold,or any of the abiotic stresses combined with pathogen infection.Studies have shown that plants’reactions to combinations of more than two stress factors are distinct and cannot be explicitly deduced from their responses to different stresses when applied separately.Therefore,additional research is needed to understand the complete mechanism of plant responses to stress by analyzing data between single stress and multiple stress responses.This review aims to provide an overview of current research on plant responses to a combination of various stress conditions and their influence on the metabolic,transcriptional,and physiological characteristics of plants.展开更多
The study was sought to enhance the synthesis of thermal stableβ-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase(β-CGTase)using potato wastewater as a low-cost medium and assess the degree to which it is efficient for industrial p...The study was sought to enhance the synthesis of thermal stableβ-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase(β-CGTase)using potato wastewater as a low-cost medium and assess the degree to which it is efficient for industrial production ofβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)from raw potato starch.Thermophilic bacteria producingβ-CGTase was isolated from Saudi Arabia and the promising strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis using phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.Alginate-encapsulated cultures exhibited twice-fold ofβ-CGTase production more than free cells.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of polymeric capsules indicated the potential for a longer shelf-life,which promotes the restoration of activity in bacterial cells across semi-continuous fermentation ofβ-CGTase production for 252 h.The optimal conditions forβ-CGTase synthesis using potato wastewater medium were at 36 h,pH of 8.0,and 50°C with 0.4%potato starch and 0.6%yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources,respectively.The purified enzyme showed a specific activity of 63.90 U/mg with a molecular weight of∼84.6 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.The high enzyme activity was observed up to 60°C,and complete stability was achieved at 75°C.High levels of activity and stability were shown at pH 8.0,and the pH range from 7.0–10.0,respectively.The enzyme has an appreciable affinity for raw potato starch with a Km of 5.7×10−6 M and a Vmax of 87.71μmoL/mL/min.β-CD production was effective against 25 U/g of raw potato starch.The outcomes demonstrated its feasibility to develop a fermentation process by integrating the cost-effective production ofβ-CGTase having distinctive properties forβ-CD production with ecofriendly utilization of potato wastewater.展开更多
Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)is a biomaterial derived from plant lignocellulosic components,widely applied in various industrial fields.Concurrently,with the growth of awareness in developing green nanomaterial,the explo...Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)is a biomaterial derived from plant lignocellulosic components,widely applied in various industrial fields.Concurrently,with the growth of awareness in developing green nanomaterial,the explored Washingtonia fibre could be alternative biomass for obtaining CNC products.In the present work,different acid concentrations of 5%,15%,and 25%hydrochloric solutions were employed to produce CNCs from Washingtonia fibre.With the chemical treatments,the yield of the CNC product was successfully retained at 21.6%-25.1%.Individually separated and needle-shaped CNC particles could be observed under the microscopic viewing with the increased acid concentrations.From elemental analysis,a relatively pure cellulose compartment was produced for all CNC samples.The zeta potential values between-10 to-16 mV proved that each nanoparticle sample possessed dispersion ability within an aqueous solution.Meanwhile,the degree of crystallinity and the thermal behavior of CNCs were enhanced with the increased acidic concentrations.Hence,the isolated CNCs(with 15%)from Washingtonia fibre lead a CNC with the highest aspect ratio(30).This parameter is so important that these structures show empowering points of view as nanomaterials for reinforced polymer composites,and it could be a reliable nano-filler for the composite fabrication process in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2020R1I1A3052258)funded by Researcher Supporting Project number (RSP2024R117), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
文摘This research focuses on the electric behavior of a mixed ferrielectric sulflower-like nanostructure.The structure includes a core with spin S_(i)^(Z)-1 atoms and a shell with spin σ_(j)^(Z)-5/2 atoms.The Blume–Capel model and the Monte Carlo technique(MCt)with the Metropolis algorithm are employed.Diagrams are established for absolute zero,investigating stable spin configurations correlated with various physical parameters.The MCt method explores phase transition behavior and electric hysteresis cycles under different physical parameters.
基金the University Grants Commission(UGC-BSR Research Start-up-Grant No.F30-409/2018)the Deanship of Scientific Research,King Khalid University,Saudi Arabia(No.R.G.P.2/11/42)for their financial assistance。
文摘Plants in their natural environment are constantly subjected to various abiotic and biotic stressors and,therefore,have developed several defense mechanisms to maintain fitness.Stress responses are intricate and require various physiological,biochemical,and cellular changes in plants.The reaction mechanisms in plants subjected to drought,salinity,or heat stress alone have been explained in numerous studies.However,the field conditions are significantly different from the controlled laboratory conditions.In the field,crops or plants are simultaneously exposed to two or more abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions,such as a combination of salinity and heat,drought and cold,or any of the abiotic stresses combined with pathogen infection.Studies have shown that plants’reactions to combinations of more than two stress factors are distinct and cannot be explicitly deduced from their responses to different stresses when applied separately.Therefore,additional research is needed to understand the complete mechanism of plant responses to stress by analyzing data between single stress and multiple stress responses.This review aims to provide an overview of current research on plant responses to a combination of various stress conditions and their influence on the metabolic,transcriptional,and physiological characteristics of plants.
基金Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University through research groups program,Grant No.R.G.P.1/241/41.
文摘The study was sought to enhance the synthesis of thermal stableβ-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase(β-CGTase)using potato wastewater as a low-cost medium and assess the degree to which it is efficient for industrial production ofβ-cyclodextrin(β-CD)from raw potato starch.Thermophilic bacteria producingβ-CGTase was isolated from Saudi Arabia and the promising strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis using phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.Alginate-encapsulated cultures exhibited twice-fold ofβ-CGTase production more than free cells.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)of polymeric capsules indicated the potential for a longer shelf-life,which promotes the restoration of activity in bacterial cells across semi-continuous fermentation ofβ-CGTase production for 252 h.The optimal conditions forβ-CGTase synthesis using potato wastewater medium were at 36 h,pH of 8.0,and 50°C with 0.4%potato starch and 0.6%yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources,respectively.The purified enzyme showed a specific activity of 63.90 U/mg with a molecular weight of∼84.6 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE analysis.The high enzyme activity was observed up to 60°C,and complete stability was achieved at 75°C.High levels of activity and stability were shown at pH 8.0,and the pH range from 7.0–10.0,respectively.The enzyme has an appreciable affinity for raw potato starch with a Km of 5.7×10−6 M and a Vmax of 87.71μmoL/mL/min.β-CD production was effective against 25 U/g of raw potato starch.The outcomes demonstrated its feasibility to develop a fermentation process by integrating the cost-effective production ofβ-CGTase having distinctive properties forβ-CD production with ecofriendly utilization of potato wastewater.
基金This work is funded by Researchers Supporting Project number(RSP-2021/117)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.The authors would like to thank the“PHC Utique”program of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Higher Education and Researchthe Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the CMCU Project No.18G1132 for the financial support.
文摘Cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)is a biomaterial derived from plant lignocellulosic components,widely applied in various industrial fields.Concurrently,with the growth of awareness in developing green nanomaterial,the explored Washingtonia fibre could be alternative biomass for obtaining CNC products.In the present work,different acid concentrations of 5%,15%,and 25%hydrochloric solutions were employed to produce CNCs from Washingtonia fibre.With the chemical treatments,the yield of the CNC product was successfully retained at 21.6%-25.1%.Individually separated and needle-shaped CNC particles could be observed under the microscopic viewing with the increased acid concentrations.From elemental analysis,a relatively pure cellulose compartment was produced for all CNC samples.The zeta potential values between-10 to-16 mV proved that each nanoparticle sample possessed dispersion ability within an aqueous solution.Meanwhile,the degree of crystallinity and the thermal behavior of CNCs were enhanced with the increased acidic concentrations.Hence,the isolated CNCs(with 15%)from Washingtonia fibre lead a CNC with the highest aspect ratio(30).This parameter is so important that these structures show empowering points of view as nanomaterials for reinforced polymer composites,and it could be a reliable nano-filler for the composite fabrication process in the future.
