This study was aimed to assess the effects of effluent from a dumpsite on the physicochemical properties of river Achichum in Bamendakwe in the Bamenda I municipality, Northwest Region of Cameroon. The quality of wate...This study was aimed to assess the effects of effluent from a dumpsite on the physicochemical properties of river Achichum in Bamendakwe in the Bamenda I municipality, Northwest Region of Cameroon. The quality of water used for domestic purposes by the population of this area is mostly appreciated through its organoleptic assessment while no attention is paid to the physicochemical and microbiological properties. Samples (upstream, effluent, and downstream) were collected in the months of September 2022 and February 2023 and examined for organoleptic, physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics using standard methods. The river was contaminated to different extents by nitrates (28.56 - 149.91 mg/L), sulphates (246.89 - 725.42 mg/L) and heavy metals (0.01 - 0.04 mg/L for lead and 0.98 - 2.15 mg/L for aluminum). This contamination could be due to an inflow of the untreated effluent into the river. The river contained a high pollution level of lead and aluminum. Bacteriological investigations revealed that all the analyzed samples from the river contained indicators of faecal pollution such as Enterobacteria spp., E. coli, Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Vibrio spp. Consequently, its utilization exposes consumers to health risks. Thus, water from the river should be treated prior to consumption.展开更多
The increased use of pesticides in crop production, especially in Santa, has left consumers with great fear and uncertainty regarding the fate of residues after consumption in the human body. This study was aimed at p...The increased use of pesticides in crop production, especially in Santa, has left consumers with great fear and uncertainty regarding the fate of residues after consumption in the human body. This study was aimed at performing a multi-residue analysis of crop samples to detect and quantify pesticide residues present, and thus determine their level of contamination. Twelve (12) crop samples (4 samples each of Solanum tuberosum (Irish potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annum (sweet pepper) and Apium graveolens (celery)), were randomly collected from four villages in Santa. The samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS Buffered AOAC 2007.01 method. The results showed the presence of pesticide residues in 58.3% of the samples. Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos insecticides were detected, though cypermethrin was found in traces. After quantification, the concentration of chlorpyrifos was determined to be far above the CODEX Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) in 28.6% of the samples. Samples with this high concentration of chlorpyrifos were: tomato from Pinyin and Baligham (2.0 and 1.8 μg/g respectively), whereas the Codex MRLs for tomato is 1.0 μg/g. This study raised concerns on the contamination of some garden crops by pesticide residues and calls for the assessment of the health situation of consumers and the analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water resources in this area.展开更多
文摘This study was aimed to assess the effects of effluent from a dumpsite on the physicochemical properties of river Achichum in Bamendakwe in the Bamenda I municipality, Northwest Region of Cameroon. The quality of water used for domestic purposes by the population of this area is mostly appreciated through its organoleptic assessment while no attention is paid to the physicochemical and microbiological properties. Samples (upstream, effluent, and downstream) were collected in the months of September 2022 and February 2023 and examined for organoleptic, physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics using standard methods. The river was contaminated to different extents by nitrates (28.56 - 149.91 mg/L), sulphates (246.89 - 725.42 mg/L) and heavy metals (0.01 - 0.04 mg/L for lead and 0.98 - 2.15 mg/L for aluminum). This contamination could be due to an inflow of the untreated effluent into the river. The river contained a high pollution level of lead and aluminum. Bacteriological investigations revealed that all the analyzed samples from the river contained indicators of faecal pollution such as Enterobacteria spp., E. coli, Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Vibrio spp. Consequently, its utilization exposes consumers to health risks. Thus, water from the river should be treated prior to consumption.
文摘The increased use of pesticides in crop production, especially in Santa, has left consumers with great fear and uncertainty regarding the fate of residues after consumption in the human body. This study was aimed at performing a multi-residue analysis of crop samples to detect and quantify pesticide residues present, and thus determine their level of contamination. Twelve (12) crop samples (4 samples each of Solanum tuberosum (Irish potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annum (sweet pepper) and Apium graveolens (celery)), were randomly collected from four villages in Santa. The samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS Buffered AOAC 2007.01 method. The results showed the presence of pesticide residues in 58.3% of the samples. Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos insecticides were detected, though cypermethrin was found in traces. After quantification, the concentration of chlorpyrifos was determined to be far above the CODEX Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) in 28.6% of the samples. Samples with this high concentration of chlorpyrifos were: tomato from Pinyin and Baligham (2.0 and 1.8 μg/g respectively), whereas the Codex MRLs for tomato is 1.0 μg/g. This study raised concerns on the contamination of some garden crops by pesticide residues and calls for the assessment of the health situation of consumers and the analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water resources in this area.
