Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as an antiepileptic drug or mood stabilizer. In this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with 2 mM VPA for 3 h on cell proliferation in the telencephalic area of zebrafish l...Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as an antiepileptic drug or mood stabilizer. In this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with 2 mM VPA for 3 h on cell proliferation in the telencephalic area of zebrafish larvae using bromodeoxyuridine (BRDU) to label dividing cells. It was demonstrated that 2 mM VPA exposure for 3 h at 2 and 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) larvae decreased cell proliferation in the telencephalic area of 5 dpf larvae. The reduced cell proliferation was not restored at 10 dpf larvae. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data indicated that mRNA expression levels of WNT signaling pathway-related factors such as β-catenin, LEF1, and gsk3β were altered in the zebrafish larvae treated with 2 mM VPA at 2 and 3 pdf. It was also demonstrated that 2 mM VPA exposure affected color preference of the zebrafish larvae, reducing blue color preference at 5 dpf larvae. The altered color preference was restored at 10 dpf larvae. These results suggest that VPA exposure may cause molecular, cellular, and behavioral alterations in early developmental stage of the zebrafish.展开更多
Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also increasing.However,systematic studies and meta-analyses eval...Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also increasing.However,systematic studies and meta-analyses evaluating the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD remain limited.Methods The MEDLINE,Korean Medical Database(KMBASE),Embase,Global Health,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1997 to April 2023.Search terms included NAFLD or steatosis;nonalcoholic or steatohepatitis;child(ren),adolescent,or teenager;and prevalence,incidence,or epidemiology.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD.Results A total of 2116 publications were found,of which 62 were included in the meta-analysis.Among them,27 reported the prevalence in the general population and 39 in the obese population.The worldwide pooled prevalence of pediatric NAFLD was 13%[95%confidence interval(CI)9-18%]in the general population and 47%(95%CI 41%–53%)in the obese population.Among 16 studies in the general population and 18 in the obese population,NAFLD prevalence varied by gender.In the general population,the prevalence of NAFLD was 15%(95%CI 8%–23%)in males and 10%(95%CI 6%–15%)in females.In the obese population,it was 54%(95%CI 46%–61%)in males and 39%(95%CI 30%–49%)in females.Conclusions The global prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is rising in both the general and obese populations.Given the increasing rates of childhood obesity,epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are needed.展开更多
文摘Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as an antiepileptic drug or mood stabilizer. In this study, we evaluated the effects of treatment with 2 mM VPA for 3 h on cell proliferation in the telencephalic area of zebrafish larvae using bromodeoxyuridine (BRDU) to label dividing cells. It was demonstrated that 2 mM VPA exposure for 3 h at 2 and 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) larvae decreased cell proliferation in the telencephalic area of 5 dpf larvae. The reduced cell proliferation was not restored at 10 dpf larvae. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data indicated that mRNA expression levels of WNT signaling pathway-related factors such as β-catenin, LEF1, and gsk3β were altered in the zebrafish larvae treated with 2 mM VPA at 2 and 3 pdf. It was also demonstrated that 2 mM VPA exposure affected color preference of the zebrafish larvae, reducing blue color preference at 5 dpf larvae. The altered color preference was restored at 10 dpf larvae. These results suggest that VPA exposure may cause molecular, cellular, and behavioral alterations in early developmental stage of the zebrafish.
文摘Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also increasing.However,systematic studies and meta-analyses evaluating the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD remain limited.Methods The MEDLINE,Korean Medical Database(KMBASE),Embase,Global Health,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1997 to April 2023.Search terms included NAFLD or steatosis;nonalcoholic or steatohepatitis;child(ren),adolescent,or teenager;and prevalence,incidence,or epidemiology.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD.Results A total of 2116 publications were found,of which 62 were included in the meta-analysis.Among them,27 reported the prevalence in the general population and 39 in the obese population.The worldwide pooled prevalence of pediatric NAFLD was 13%[95%confidence interval(CI)9-18%]in the general population and 47%(95%CI 41%–53%)in the obese population.Among 16 studies in the general population and 18 in the obese population,NAFLD prevalence varied by gender.In the general population,the prevalence of NAFLD was 15%(95%CI 8%–23%)in males and 10%(95%CI 6%–15%)in females.In the obese population,it was 54%(95%CI 46%–61%)in males and 39%(95%CI 30%–49%)in females.Conclusions The global prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is rising in both the general and obese populations.Given the increasing rates of childhood obesity,epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are needed.
