Sarcopenia is found in up to 65% of pancreatic cancer patients. The definition and diagnostic methods for sarcopenia have changed over the years, and the measurement of skeletal muscle mass with cross-sectional imagin...Sarcopenia is found in up to 65% of pancreatic cancer patients. The definition and diagnostic methods for sarcopenia have changed over the years, and the measurement of skeletal muscle mass with cross-sectional imaging has become the most popular way of assessment, although the parameters measured vary among different studies. It is still debatable that there is an association between sarcopenia and postoperative pancreatic fistula, but most studies showed a higher risk in patients with sarcopenic obesity. Long-term survival is worse in sarcopenic patients, as shown by meta-analysis. Sarcopenia is also associated with decreased survival and higher toxicity in patients receiving chemotherapy, and chemotherapy also tends to potentiate sarcopenia. Treatment for sarcopenia still remains an area for research, although oral supplements, nutritional modifications and exercise training have been shown to improve sarcopenia.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide(1).While upfront surgical resection has been established as an effective curative treatment for early-stage disease,up to 5...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide(1).While upfront surgical resection has been established as an effective curative treatment for early-stage disease,up to 53.6%of patients present with moderate-to-advanced stage disease(2).Traditional recommendations as per the latest Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)2022 update have advised for palliative transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)or systemic treatment(3),leaving this patient group with only modest response rates of 5%to 40%(4).However,with oncological advancements in recent years,conversion therapy has emerged as an effective strategy to change the therapeutic trajectory of patients with BCLC stage B and BCLC stage C HCC,showing significantly improved long-term outcomes compared to systemic therapy alone(5).展开更多
文摘Sarcopenia is found in up to 65% of pancreatic cancer patients. The definition and diagnostic methods for sarcopenia have changed over the years, and the measurement of skeletal muscle mass with cross-sectional imaging has become the most popular way of assessment, although the parameters measured vary among different studies. It is still debatable that there is an association between sarcopenia and postoperative pancreatic fistula, but most studies showed a higher risk in patients with sarcopenic obesity. Long-term survival is worse in sarcopenic patients, as shown by meta-analysis. Sarcopenia is also associated with decreased survival and higher toxicity in patients receiving chemotherapy, and chemotherapy also tends to potentiate sarcopenia. Treatment for sarcopenia still remains an area for research, although oral supplements, nutritional modifications and exercise training have been shown to improve sarcopenia.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide(1).While upfront surgical resection has been established as an effective curative treatment for early-stage disease,up to 53.6%of patients present with moderate-to-advanced stage disease(2).Traditional recommendations as per the latest Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)2022 update have advised for palliative transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)or systemic treatment(3),leaving this patient group with only modest response rates of 5%to 40%(4).However,with oncological advancements in recent years,conversion therapy has emerged as an effective strategy to change the therapeutic trajectory of patients with BCLC stage B and BCLC stage C HCC,showing significantly improved long-term outcomes compared to systemic therapy alone(5).
