The relationship between infection and autoimmunity has been increasingly defined over the last 20 years. The systemic rheumatic diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the immune system resulting in a loss of ...The relationship between infection and autoimmunity has been increasingly defined over the last 20 years. The systemic rheumatic diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the immune system resulting in a loss of tolerance to self-antigen. The exact etiology for the majority of these diseases is unknown; however, a complex combination of host and environmental factors are believed to play a pivotal role. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is one of the most widely studied infectious agents proposed as agents triggering autoimmune response. The persistent presence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa results in chronic immune system activation with ongoing cytokine signaling, infiltration of gastric mucosa by neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, as well as production of antibodies and effector T-cells. Various mechanisms have been proposed in an attempt to explain the extra-intestinal manifestations of H. pylori infections. These include: molecular mimicry, endothelial cell damage, superantigens and microchimerism. I performed a systematic literature review using the keywords "rheumatoid arthritis", "Sjgren's syndrome", "systemic sclerosis", "systemic lupus erythematosus","Helicobacter pylori " and "pathogenesis". A systematic literature search was carried out in MEDLINE; EMBASE; Cochrane Library and ACR/EULAR meeting abstracts. In systemic rheumatic diseases H. pylori infection prevalence alone should not be expected to provide sufficient evidence for or against a pathologic role in the disease. In this article Ⅰ review studies examining the potential involvement of H. pylori infection in autoimmune systemic rheumatic diseases. Further studies of the immunological response to H. pylori and its role in the pathogenesis of systemic rheumatic diseases are warranted.展开更多
Detection of prevalence and development of osteopenia or osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease using only bone mineral density could be inappropriate to detect all individuals at risk for osteoporos...Detection of prevalence and development of osteopenia or osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease using only bone mineral density could be inappropriate to detect all individuals at risk for osteoporosis.Numerous patients could remain undetected by using only bone mineral density as a screening method,especially in patients with ulcerative colitis.Therefore,trabecular bone score should be used as a complementary method.展开更多
Detection of a cardiac mass has a direct therapeutic implication because of its potential for pulmonary or systemic embolization. The choice of treatment is dependent upon the time of the embolization, clinical presen...Detection of a cardiac mass has a direct therapeutic implication because of its potential for pulmonary or systemic embolization. The choice of treatment is dependent upon the time of the embolization, clinical presentation and type of embolic mass. Imaging features in combination with clinical and laboratory findings are usually helpful in the differentiation of various cardiac masses with high probability. The case we are presenting is a 73-year-old man with occlusion of both pulmonary arteries and a right atrial thrombus initially diagnosed as a myxoma.展开更多
文摘The relationship between infection and autoimmunity has been increasingly defined over the last 20 years. The systemic rheumatic diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the immune system resulting in a loss of tolerance to self-antigen. The exact etiology for the majority of these diseases is unknown; however, a complex combination of host and environmental factors are believed to play a pivotal role. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is one of the most widely studied infectious agents proposed as agents triggering autoimmune response. The persistent presence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa results in chronic immune system activation with ongoing cytokine signaling, infiltration of gastric mucosa by neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, as well as production of antibodies and effector T-cells. Various mechanisms have been proposed in an attempt to explain the extra-intestinal manifestations of H. pylori infections. These include: molecular mimicry, endothelial cell damage, superantigens and microchimerism. I performed a systematic literature review using the keywords "rheumatoid arthritis", "Sjgren's syndrome", "systemic sclerosis", "systemic lupus erythematosus","Helicobacter pylori " and "pathogenesis". A systematic literature search was carried out in MEDLINE; EMBASE; Cochrane Library and ACR/EULAR meeting abstracts. In systemic rheumatic diseases H. pylori infection prevalence alone should not be expected to provide sufficient evidence for or against a pathologic role in the disease. In this article Ⅰ review studies examining the potential involvement of H. pylori infection in autoimmune systemic rheumatic diseases. Further studies of the immunological response to H. pylori and its role in the pathogenesis of systemic rheumatic diseases are warranted.
文摘Detection of prevalence and development of osteopenia or osteoporosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease using only bone mineral density could be inappropriate to detect all individuals at risk for osteoporosis.Numerous patients could remain undetected by using only bone mineral density as a screening method,especially in patients with ulcerative colitis.Therefore,trabecular bone score should be used as a complementary method.
文摘Detection of a cardiac mass has a direct therapeutic implication because of its potential for pulmonary or systemic embolization. The choice of treatment is dependent upon the time of the embolization, clinical presentation and type of embolic mass. Imaging features in combination with clinical and laboratory findings are usually helpful in the differentiation of various cardiac masses with high probability. The case we are presenting is a 73-year-old man with occlusion of both pulmonary arteries and a right atrial thrombus initially diagnosed as a myxoma.
