The recent interest in precision medicine among interventionists has led to the establishment of the concept of precision interventional radiology(PIR).This concept focuses not only on the accuracy of interventional o...The recent interest in precision medicine among interventionists has led to the establishment of the concept of precision interventional radiology(PIR).This concept focuses not only on the accuracy of interventional operations using traditional image-guided techniques,but also on the comprehensive evaluation of diseases.The invisible features extracted from CT,MRI,or US improve the accuracy and specificity of diagnosis.The integration of multi-omics and molecule imaging provides more information for interventional operations.The development and application of drugs,embolic materials,and devices broaden the concept of PIR.Integrating medicine and engineering brings new image-guided techniques that increase the efficacy of interventional operations while reducing the complications of interventional treatment.In all,PIR,an important part of precision medicine,emphasizing the whole disease management process,including precision diagnosis,comprehensive evaluation,and interventional therapy,maximizes the benefits of patients with limited damage.展开更多
Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment as it not only directly kills cancer cells but also induces immunogenic cell death. However, the chemotherapeutic efficacy was strong...Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment as it not only directly kills cancer cells but also induces immunogenic cell death. However, the chemotherapeutic efficacy was strongly restricted by the acidic and hypoxic tumor environment. Herein, we have successfully formulated PLGA-based nanoparticles concurrently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX), hemoglobin (Hb) and CaCO3 by a CaCO3-assisted emulsion method, aiming at the effective treatment of TNBC. We found that the obtained nanomedicine (DHCaNPs) exhibited effective drug encapsulation and pH-responsive drug release behavior. Moreover, DHCaNPs demonstrated robust capabilities in neutralizing protons and oxygen transport. Consequently, DHCaNPs could not only serve as oxygen nanoshuttles to attenuate tumor hypoxia but also neutralize the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) by depleting lactic acid, thereby effectively overcoming the resistance to chemotherapy. Furthermore, DHCaNPs demonstrated a notable ability to enhance antitumor immune responses by increasing the frequency of tumor-infiltrating effector lymphocytes and reducing the frequency of various immune-suppressive cells, therefore exhibiting a superior efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis when combined with anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1) immunotherapy. In summary, this study highlights that DHCaNPs could effectively attenuate the acidic and hypoxic TME, offering a promising strategy to figure out an enhanced chemo-immunotherapy to benefit TNBC patients.展开更多
The development of novel theranostic agents with outstanding diagnostic and therapeutic performances is still strongly desired in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Here,a fucoidan-modified mesoporous poly...The development of novel theranostic agents with outstanding diagnostic and therapeutic performances is still strongly desired in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Here,a fucoidan-modified mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticle dual-loaded with gadolinium iron and doxorubicin(FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX)was prepared as an effective theranostic agent for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-guided chemo-photothermal therapy of HCC.It was found that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX had a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 33.4%and excellent T1-MRI performance with a longitudinal relaxivity(r1)value of 14.966 m M^(-1)·s^(-1).Moreover,the results suggested that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX could effectively accumulate into the tumor foci by dual-targeting the tumor-infiltrated platelets and HCC cells,which resulted from the specific interaction between fucoidan and overexpressed p-selectin receptors.The excellent tumor-homing ability and MRI-guided chemo-photothermal therapy therefore endowed FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX with a strongest ability to inhibit tumor growth than the respective single treatment modality.Overall,our study demonstrated that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX could be applied as a potential nanoplatform for safe and effective cancer theranostics.展开更多
Background:This study aimed to investigate programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score in predicting the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapy in treating patients with advanced non-small cell ...Background:This study aimed to investigate programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score in predicting the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapy in treating patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in a real-world setting.Methods:This retrospective,multicenter,observational study enrolled adult patients who received PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapy in China and met the following criteria:(1)had pathologically confirmed,unresectable stage III–IV NSCLC;(2)had a baseline PD-L1 tumor proportion score(TPS);and(3)had confirmed efficacy evaluation results after PD-1/PD-L1 treatment.Logistic regression,Kaplan–Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used to assess the progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and immune-related adverse events(irAEs)as appropriate.Results:A total of 409 patients,65.0%(n=266)with a positive PD-L1 TPS(≥1%)and 32.8%(n=134)with PD-L1 TPS≥50%,were included in this study.Cox regression confirmed that patients with a PD-L1 TPS≥1%had significantly improved PFS(hazard ratio[HR]0.747,95%confidence interval[CI]0.573–0.975,P=0.032).A total of 160(39.1%)patients experienced 206 irAEs,and 27(6.6%)patients experienced 31 grade 3–5 irAEs.The organs most frequently associated with irAEs were the skin(52/409,12.7%),thyroid(40/409,9.8%),and lung(34/409,8.3%).Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a PD-L1 TPS≥1%(odds ratio[OR]1.713,95%CI 1.054–2.784,P=0.030)was an independent risk factor for irAEs.Other risk factors for irAEs included pretreatment absolute lymphocyte count>2.5×10^(9)/L(OR 3.772,95%CI 1.377–10.329,P=0.010)and pretreatment absolute eosinophil count>0.2×109/L(OR 2.006,95%CI 1.219–3.302,P=0.006).Moreover,patients who developed irAEs demonstrated improved PFS(13.7 months vs.8.4 months,P<0.001)and OS(28.0 months vs.18.0 months,P=0.007)compared with patients without irAEs.Conclusions:A positive PD-L1 TPS(≥1%)was associated with improved PFS and an increased risk of irAEs in a real-world setting.The onset of irAEs was associated with improved PFS and OS in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving PD-1/PD-L1-based therapy.展开更多
Biomaterials,a novel approach to drug delivery,increases drug stability and solubility,thereby enhancing the efficiency of drug delivery.Available drug delivery systems face several challenges in tumor treatment.In pa...Biomaterials,a novel approach to drug delivery,increases drug stability and solubility,thereby enhancing the efficiency of drug delivery.Available drug delivery systems face several challenges in tumor treatment.In particular,the special tumor microenvironment(TME)limits the application of traditional drug delivery tech-nologies.In recent years,increased attention has been paid to tumor suppression or elimination by altering TME.This review aimed to discuss the latest progress on the development of biological materials,their use in tumor immunomodulation,and challenges hindering their clinical application.展开更多
diagnostic and therapeutic capability are highly needed for the treatment of hepatic cancer.Herein,we aimed to develop a novel mesoporous polydopamine(MPDA)-based theranostic agent for T1/T2 dual magnetic resonance im...diagnostic and therapeutic capability are highly needed for the treatment of hepatic cancer.Herein,we aimed to develop a novel mesoporous polydopamine(MPDA)-based theranostic agent for T1/T2 dual magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-guided cancer chemo-photothermal therapy.Superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)-loaded MPDA NPs(MPDA@SPIO)was firstly prepared,followed by modifying with a targeted molecule of sialic acid(SA)and chelating with Fe^(3+)(SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs).After that,doxorubicin(DOX)-loaded SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs(SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+))was prepared for tumor theranostics.The prepared SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs were water-dispersible and biocompatible as evidenced by MTT assay.In vitro photothermal and relaxivity property suggested that the novel theranostic agent possessed excellent photothermal conversion capability and photostability,with relaxivity of being r1=4.29 mM1s1 and r2=105.53 mM1s1,respectively.SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs could effectively encapsulate the DOX,showing dual pH-and thermal-triggered drug release behavior.In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs could effectively target to the hepatic tumor tissue,which was possibly due to the specific interaction between SA and the overexpressed E-selectin.This behavior also endowed SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+)NPs with a more precise T1-T2 dual mode contrast imaging effect than the one without SA modification.In addition,SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs displayed a superior therapeutic effect,which was due to its active targeting ability and combined effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.These results demonstrated that SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs is an effective targeted nanoplatform for tumor theranostics,having potential value in the effective treatment of hepatic cancer.展开更多
Certain types of cationic metal ions,such as Mn^(2+)are able to activate immune functions via the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway,showing potential applications in eliciting antitumor immunity.How anionic...Certain types of cationic metal ions,such as Mn^(2+)are able to activate immune functions via the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway,showing potential applications in eliciting antitumor immunity.How anionic ions interact with immune cells remains largely unknown.Herein,selecting from a range of cationic and anionic ions,we were excited to discover that MoO_(4)^(2-)could act as a cGAS-STING agonist and further confirmed the capability of Mn^(2+)to activate the cGAS-STING pathway.Inspired by such findings,we synthesized manganese molybdate nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol modification(MMP NDs)for cancer metalloimmunotherapy.Meanwhile,MMP NDs could consume glutathione(GSH)over-expressed in tumors and induce ferroptosis owing to high-valence Mo and Mn to elicit tumor-specific immune responses,which was further amplified by MMP-triggered the cGAS-STING activation.In turn,activated CD8+T cells to secrete high levels of interferonγ(IFN-γ)and reduced GPX4 expression in tumor cells to trigger ferroptosis-specific lipid peroxidation,which constituted a“cycle”of therapy.As a result,the metalloimmunotherapy with systemic administration of MMP NDs offered a remarkable tumor inhibition effect for a variety of tumor models.Our work for the first time discovered the ability of anionic metal ions to activate the immune system and rationally designed bimetallic oxide nanostructures as a multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform for tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
Dear Editor,The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),anti-tumor immunotherapy unleashing the host immune system to eradicate tumor cells,has revolutionized the treatment of various advanced cancers and sh...Dear Editor,The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),anti-tumor immunotherapy unleashing the host immune system to eradicate tumor cells,has revolutionized the treatment of various advanced cancers and showed remarkable anti-tumor effects[1].However,emphasis must be placed on fatal immune-related adverse events(irAEs),especially some fulminant irAEs like ICI-related cardiovascular AEs[2,3].However,due to the low rate of cardiovascular AEs,little is known about the effective methods for evaluating the risk of catastrophic cardiac events in ICI-associated myocarditis and its management[4,5].展开更多
Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts witho...Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts without bronchiectasis.Herein,we report a patient diagnosed with NF on the basis of the results of genetic testing who presented with early-onset wet cough and bronchiectasis.Considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiectasis combined with his early-onset wet cough,sinusitis,and sperm quality decline,we considered the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD).Further electron microscopy analysis of cilia and identification of homozygous mutations in the RSPH4A gene confirmed the diagnosis of PCD.Therefore,for patients with NF,when an image change exists in the lungs that does not correspond to NF,the possibility of other diagnoses,including PCD,must be considered.展开更多
The size and density of Ag nanoparticles on n-layer MoS2 exhibit thickness- dependent behavior. The size and density of these particles increased and decreased, respectively, with increasing layer number （n） of n-la...The size and density of Ag nanoparticles on n-layer MoS2 exhibit thickness- dependent behavior. The size and density of these particles increased and decreased, respectively, with increasing layer number （n） of n-layer MoS2. Furthermore, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） of Ag on this substrate was observed. The enhancement factor of this scattering varied with the thickness of MoS2. The mechanisms governing the aforementioned thickness dependences are proposed and discussed.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development projects intergovernmental cooperation in science and technology of China(2018YFE0126900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81803778)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LQ20H160055)。
文摘The recent interest in precision medicine among interventionists has led to the establishment of the concept of precision interventional radiology(PIR).This concept focuses not only on the accuracy of interventional operations using traditional image-guided techniques,but also on the comprehensive evaluation of diseases.The invisible features extracted from CT,MRI,or US improve the accuracy and specificity of diagnosis.The integration of multi-omics and molecule imaging provides more information for interventional operations.The development and application of drugs,embolic materials,and devices broaden the concept of PIR.Integrating medicine and engineering brings new image-guided techniques that increase the efficacy of interventional operations while reducing the complications of interventional treatment.In all,PIR,an important part of precision medicine,emphasizing the whole disease management process,including precision diagnosis,comprehensive evaluation,and interventional therapy,maximizes the benefits of patients with limited damage.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Lishui City(2021ZDYF12,2022ZDYF07,2023zdyf14)Natural Science Foundation of China(82072026,82072025 and 82272090)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY23H180003,LQ22H180010)Provincial and Ministerial Joint Construction of Key Projects(WKJ-ZJ-2317).
文摘Chemotherapy plays a crucial role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment as it not only directly kills cancer cells but also induces immunogenic cell death. However, the chemotherapeutic efficacy was strongly restricted by the acidic and hypoxic tumor environment. Herein, we have successfully formulated PLGA-based nanoparticles concurrently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX), hemoglobin (Hb) and CaCO3 by a CaCO3-assisted emulsion method, aiming at the effective treatment of TNBC. We found that the obtained nanomedicine (DHCaNPs) exhibited effective drug encapsulation and pH-responsive drug release behavior. Moreover, DHCaNPs demonstrated robust capabilities in neutralizing protons and oxygen transport. Consequently, DHCaNPs could not only serve as oxygen nanoshuttles to attenuate tumor hypoxia but also neutralize the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) by depleting lactic acid, thereby effectively overcoming the resistance to chemotherapy. Furthermore, DHCaNPs demonstrated a notable ability to enhance antitumor immune responses by increasing the frequency of tumor-infiltrating effector lymphocytes and reducing the frequency of various immune-suppressive cells, therefore exhibiting a superior efficacy in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis when combined with anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1) immunotherapy. In summary, this study highlights that DHCaNPs could effectively attenuate the acidic and hypoxic TME, offering a promising strategy to figure out an enhanced chemo-immunotherapy to benefit TNBC patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development projects intergovernmental cooperation in science and technology of China(2018YFE0126900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072025 and82072026)+2 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LQ21H180003)Key R&D Program of Lishui City(2021ZDYF12)Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission(2022RC088)。
文摘The development of novel theranostic agents with outstanding diagnostic and therapeutic performances is still strongly desired in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Here,a fucoidan-modified mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticle dual-loaded with gadolinium iron and doxorubicin(FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX)was prepared as an effective theranostic agent for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-guided chemo-photothermal therapy of HCC.It was found that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX had a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 33.4%and excellent T1-MRI performance with a longitudinal relaxivity(r1)value of 14.966 m M^(-1)·s^(-1).Moreover,the results suggested that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX could effectively accumulate into the tumor foci by dual-targeting the tumor-infiltrated platelets and HCC cells,which resulted from the specific interaction between fucoidan and overexpressed p-selectin receptors.The excellent tumor-homing ability and MRI-guided chemo-photothermal therapy therefore endowed FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX with a strongest ability to inhibit tumor growth than the respective single treatment modality.Overall,our study demonstrated that FMPDA/Gd^(3+)/DOX could be applied as a potential nanoplatform for safe and effective cancer theranostics.
基金This study is funded by a grant from the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding to Wei Zhong,grant number 2022-PUMCH-C-054.
文摘Background:This study aimed to investigate programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score in predicting the safety and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapy in treating patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in a real-world setting.Methods:This retrospective,multicenter,observational study enrolled adult patients who received PD-1/PD-L1 antibody-based therapy in China and met the following criteria:(1)had pathologically confirmed,unresectable stage III–IV NSCLC;(2)had a baseline PD-L1 tumor proportion score(TPS);and(3)had confirmed efficacy evaluation results after PD-1/PD-L1 treatment.Logistic regression,Kaplan–Meier analysis,and Cox regression were used to assess the progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),and immune-related adverse events(irAEs)as appropriate.Results:A total of 409 patients,65.0%(n=266)with a positive PD-L1 TPS(≥1%)and 32.8%(n=134)with PD-L1 TPS≥50%,were included in this study.Cox regression confirmed that patients with a PD-L1 TPS≥1%had significantly improved PFS(hazard ratio[HR]0.747,95%confidence interval[CI]0.573–0.975,P=0.032).A total of 160(39.1%)patients experienced 206 irAEs,and 27(6.6%)patients experienced 31 grade 3–5 irAEs.The organs most frequently associated with irAEs were the skin(52/409,12.7%),thyroid(40/409,9.8%),and lung(34/409,8.3%).Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a PD-L1 TPS≥1%(odds ratio[OR]1.713,95%CI 1.054–2.784,P=0.030)was an independent risk factor for irAEs.Other risk factors for irAEs included pretreatment absolute lymphocyte count>2.5×10^(9)/L(OR 3.772,95%CI 1.377–10.329,P=0.010)and pretreatment absolute eosinophil count>0.2×109/L(OR 2.006,95%CI 1.219–3.302,P=0.006).Moreover,patients who developed irAEs demonstrated improved PFS(13.7 months vs.8.4 months,P<0.001)and OS(28.0 months vs.18.0 months,P=0.007)compared with patients without irAEs.Conclusions:A positive PD-L1 TPS(≥1%)was associated with improved PFS and an increased risk of irAEs in a real-world setting.The onset of irAEs was associated with improved PFS and OS in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving PD-1/PD-L1-based therapy.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foun-dation of Zhejiang Province(LY24H180003)Zhejiang Medicine and Health Science and Technology Project(2024KY561)Lishui Inno-vation Consortium-Key R&D Program Projects(2023LHT02).
文摘Biomaterials,a novel approach to drug delivery,increases drug stability and solubility,thereby enhancing the efficiency of drug delivery.Available drug delivery systems face several challenges in tumor treatment.In particular,the special tumor microenvironment(TME)limits the application of traditional drug delivery tech-nologies.In recent years,increased attention has been paid to tumor suppression or elimination by altering TME.This review aimed to discuss the latest progress on the development of biological materials,their use in tumor immunomodulation,and challenges hindering their clinical application.
基金supported by Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology,Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityPostdoctoral Foundation of ZheJiang province+2 种基金National Key Research and Development projects intergovernmental cooperation in science and technology of China(2018YFE0126900)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LY15H030010,LY20H180016,Q21H180011)The Key R&D Program of Lishui City(2019ZDYF17).
文摘diagnostic and therapeutic capability are highly needed for the treatment of hepatic cancer.Herein,we aimed to develop a novel mesoporous polydopamine(MPDA)-based theranostic agent for T1/T2 dual magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-guided cancer chemo-photothermal therapy.Superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)-loaded MPDA NPs(MPDA@SPIO)was firstly prepared,followed by modifying with a targeted molecule of sialic acid(SA)and chelating with Fe^(3+)(SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs).After that,doxorubicin(DOX)-loaded SA-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs(SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+))was prepared for tumor theranostics.The prepared SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs were water-dispersible and biocompatible as evidenced by MTT assay.In vitro photothermal and relaxivity property suggested that the novel theranostic agent possessed excellent photothermal conversion capability and photostability,with relaxivity of being r1=4.29 mM1s1 and r2=105.53 mM1s1,respectively.SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/Fe^(3+) NPs could effectively encapsulate the DOX,showing dual pH-and thermal-triggered drug release behavior.In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs could effectively target to the hepatic tumor tissue,which was possibly due to the specific interaction between SA and the overexpressed E-selectin.This behavior also endowed SA-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+)NPs with a more precise T1-T2 dual mode contrast imaging effect than the one without SA modification.In addition,SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs displayed a superior therapeutic effect,which was due to its active targeting ability and combined effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.These results demonstrated that SAPEG-MPDA@SPIO/DOX/Fe^(3+) NPs is an effective targeted nanoplatform for tumor theranostics,having potential value in the effective treatment of hepatic cancer.
基金supported by the National Research Programs of China(2022YFB3804604,2021YFF0701800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20254,52072253)+2 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,the 111 Project,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices,a Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20211544)Jiangsu Social Development Project(BE2019658)Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine.The authors also thank the website app.Biorender.com for the assistance in creating the Figures.
文摘Certain types of cationic metal ions,such as Mn^(2+)are able to activate immune functions via the stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway,showing potential applications in eliciting antitumor immunity.How anionic ions interact with immune cells remains largely unknown.Herein,selecting from a range of cationic and anionic ions,we were excited to discover that MoO_(4)^(2-)could act as a cGAS-STING agonist and further confirmed the capability of Mn^(2+)to activate the cGAS-STING pathway.Inspired by such findings,we synthesized manganese molybdate nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol modification(MMP NDs)for cancer metalloimmunotherapy.Meanwhile,MMP NDs could consume glutathione(GSH)over-expressed in tumors and induce ferroptosis owing to high-valence Mo and Mn to elicit tumor-specific immune responses,which was further amplified by MMP-triggered the cGAS-STING activation.In turn,activated CD8+T cells to secrete high levels of interferonγ(IFN-γ)and reduced GPX4 expression in tumor cells to trigger ferroptosis-specific lipid peroxidation,which constituted a“cycle”of therapy.As a result,the metalloimmunotherapy with systemic administration of MMP NDs offered a remarkable tumor inhibition effect for a variety of tumor models.Our work for the first time discovered the ability of anionic metal ions to activate the immune system and rationally designed bimetallic oxide nanostructures as a multifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform for tumor immunotherapy.
基金the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(to YX)(82003309)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(to WW)(2016YFC0905102)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(to WW)(CIFMS)(2017-I2M-2-002).
文摘Dear Editor,The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),anti-tumor immunotherapy unleashing the host immune system to eradicate tumor cells,has revolutionized the treatment of various advanced cancers and showed remarkable anti-tumor effects[1].However,emphasis must be placed on fatal immune-related adverse events(irAEs),especially some fulminant irAEs like ICI-related cardiovascular AEs[2,3].However,due to the low rate of cardiovascular AEs,little is known about the effective methods for evaluating the risk of catastrophic cardiac events in ICI-associated myocarditis and its management[4,5].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0901502)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Nos.CIFMS-2018-I2M-1-003,CIFMS-2017-12M-2-001,CIFMS-2020-I2M-C&T-B-002,and CIFMS-2016-I2M-1-002).
文摘Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts without bronchiectasis.Herein,we report a patient diagnosed with NF on the basis of the results of genetic testing who presented with early-onset wet cough and bronchiectasis.Considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiectasis combined with his early-onset wet cough,sinusitis,and sperm quality decline,we considered the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD).Further electron microscopy analysis of cilia and identification of homozygous mutations in the RSPH4A gene confirmed the diagnosis of PCD.Therefore,for patients with NF,when an image change exists in the lungs that does not correspond to NF,the possibility of other diagnoses,including PCD,must be considered.
文摘The size and density of Ag nanoparticles on n-layer MoS2 exhibit thickness- dependent behavior. The size and density of these particles increased and decreased, respectively, with increasing layer number （n） of n-layer MoS2. Furthermore, the surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） of Ag on this substrate was observed. The enhancement factor of this scattering varied with the thickness of MoS2. The mechanisms governing the aforementioned thickness dependences are proposed and discussed.
