Sinter is the core raw material for blast furnaces.Flue pressure,which is an important state parameter,affects sinter quality.In this paper,flue pressure prediction and optimization were studied based on the shapley a...Sinter is the core raw material for blast furnaces.Flue pressure,which is an important state parameter,affects sinter quality.In this paper,flue pressure prediction and optimization were studied based on the shapley additive explanation(SHAP)to predict the flue pressure and take targeted adjustment measures.First,the sintering process data were collected and processed.A flue pressure prediction model was then constructed after comparing different feature selection methods and model algorithms using SHAP+extremely random-ized trees(ET).The prediction accuracy of the model within the error range of±0.25 kPa was 92.63%.SHAP analysis was employed to improve the interpretability of the prediction model.The effects of various sintering operation parameters on flue pressure,the relation-ship between the numerical range of key operation parameters and flue pressure,the effect of operation parameter combinations on flue pressure,and the prediction process of the flue pressure prediction model on a single sample were analyzed.A flue pressure optimization module was also constructed and analyzed when the prediction satisfied the judgment conditions.The operating parameter combination was then pushed.The flue pressure was increased by 5.87%during the verification process,achieving a good optimization effect.展开更多
The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredi...The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredictable.”In this study,a blast furnace com-prehensive status score and prediction method based on a cascade system and a combined model were proposed to address this issue.A dual cascade evaluation system was developed by integrating subjective and objective weighting methods.The analytic hierarchy process,coefficient of variation,entropy weight method,and impart combinatorial games were jointly employed to determine the optimal weight distribution across indicators.Categorized statuses(raw material,gas flow,furnace body,furnace cylinder,and iron-slag)were evaluated.Based on the five categories of the status data,the second cascade was applied to upgrade the quantitative evaluation of the comprehens-ive status.The weights of the different categories were 0.22,0.15,0.22,0.21,and 0.20,respectively.According to the data analysis,the results of the comprehensive status score closely matched the on-site production logs.Based on the blast furnace smelting period,the maximal information coefficient method was applied to the 100 parameters that were most relevant to the comprehensive status.A com-bined prediction model for a comprehensive status score was designed using bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)and categorical boosting(CatBoost).The test results indicated that the combined model reduced the mean absolute error by an average of 0.275 and increased the hit rate by an average of 5.65 percentage points compared to BiLSTM or CatBoost alone.When the er-ror range was±2.5,the combined model predicted a hit rate of 91.66%for the next hour’s comprehensive status score,and its high accur-acy was deemed satisfactory for the field.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and regression fitting were applied to analyze the lin-ear quantitative relationship between the key variables and the comprehensive status score.When the furnace bottom center temperature was increased by 10℃,the comprehensive status score increased by 0.44.This method contributes to a more precise management and control of the comprehensive status of the blast furnace on-site.展开更多
Background Traditional genomic analysis relies on a single reference genome,which struggles to effectively characterize the genetic diversity among populations.This is due to the substantial genetic differences betwee...Background Traditional genomic analysis relies on a single reference genome,which struggles to effectively characterize the genetic diversity among populations.This is due to the substantial genetic differences between the genome of the studied species and the reference genome,potentially introducing reference bias.Results In this study,we focused on Guanzhong Black pigs(GZB),Danish Large White pigs(DLW),and their hybrid offspring,Qinchuan Black pigs(QCB).We provided two high-quality parental genomes at the chromosomal level and constructed a parental genomic reference panel to detect SNPs(single nucleotide polymorphisms),INDELs(insertions and deletions),and SVs(structural variations).Compared with the single-reference method,the integrated parental genomic strategy identified 5.48%more SNPs and 67.84%more INDELs.The uniformity of variant distribution and genome functional annotation remained consistent before and after integration,while the ratio of nonreference/non-reference genotypes was also improved.In population genetic structure analysis,principal component analysis(PCA)of the three variant types(SNPs,INDELs,and SVs)exhibited good clustering effects,and ADMIXTURE analysis demonstrated consistent stratification.Selection signal analysis based on the integrated parental genomic strategy successfully identified more differentiated windows and positively selected genes.By leveraging multiple variant types and employing two selection signal methods,we jointly identified several novel intramuscular fat candidate genes(MSMO1,SMC6,CCDC158,KIT,CCNC,etc.),which could not be identified by the single-reference method alone.Functional validation of the gene MSMO1 revealed its role in promoting intramuscular adipocyte proliferation and inhibiting adipogenic differentiation.Conclusions This study is the first to construct a parental genomic reference panel specifically for pig hybrid populations,which significantly reduces reference bias and exhibits superior performance in downstream analyses.This strategy offers new possibilities for genomic selection breeding of livestock and establishes a methodological foundation for precisely dissecting complex traits in hybrid populations.展开更多
Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aber...Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aberrations and pressure attenuation;these can distort and shift the acoustic focus,thus hindering the efficiency of tFUS therapy.To achieve effective treatments,phased array transducers combined with aberration correction algorithms are commonly implemented.The present report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods used for tFUS phase aberration correction.We first searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies on phase aberration correction algorithms,identifying 54 articles for review.Relevant information,including the principles of algorithms and refocusing performances,were then extracted from the selected articles.The phase correction algorithms involved two main steps:acoustic field estimation and transmitted pulse adjustment.Our review identified key benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of these algorithms,each of which was used in at least three studies.These benchmarks included pressure and intensity,positioning error,focal region size,peak sidelobe ratio,and computational efficiency.Algorithm performances varied under different benchmarks,thus highlighting the importance of application-specific algorithm selection for achieving optimal tFUS therapy outcomes.The present review provides a thorough overview and comparison of various phase correction algorithms,and may offer valuable guidance to tFUS researchers when selecting appropriate phase correction algorithms for specific applications.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)have been widely used in many fields,which raised concerns about potential threats to biological sewage treatment systems.In this study,the phosphorus removal performance,enzymatic activity ...Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)have been widely used in many fields,which raised concerns about potential threats to biological sewage treatment systems.In this study,the phosphorus removal performance,enzymatic activity and microbial population dynamics in constructed wetlands(CWs)were evaluated under a long-term exposure to Ag NPs(0,50,and 200μg/L)for 450 days.Results have shown that Ag NPs inhibited the phosphorus removal efficiency in a short-term exposure,whereas caused no obviously negative effects from a long-term perspective.Moreover,in the coexisting CW system of Ag NPs and phosphorus,competition exhibited in the initial exposure phase,however,cooperation between them was observed in later phase.Enzymatic activity of acid-phosphatase at the moderate temperature(10–20℃)was visibly higher than that at the high temperature(20–30℃)and CWs with Ag NPs addition had no appreciable differences compared with the control.High-throughput sequencing results indicated that the microbial richness,diversity and composition of CWs were distinctly affected with the extension of exposure time at different Ag NPs levels.However,the phosphorus removal performance of CWs did not decline with the decrease of polyphosphate accumulating organisms(PAOs),which also confirmed that adsorption precipitation was the main way of phosphorus removal in CWs.The study suggested that Ag NPs and phosphorus could be removed synergistically in the coexistence system.This work has some reference for evaluating the influences of Ag NPs on the phosphorus removal and the interrelation between them in CWs.展开更多
The discrete fracture network model is a powerful tool for fractured rock mass fluid flow simulations and supports safety assessments of coal mine hazards such as water inrush.Intersection analysis,which identifies al...The discrete fracture network model is a powerful tool for fractured rock mass fluid flow simulations and supports safety assessments of coal mine hazards such as water inrush.Intersection analysis,which identifies all pairs of intersected fractures(the basic components composing the connectivity of a network),is one of its crucial procedures.This paper attempts to improve intersection analysis through parallel computing.Considering a seamless interfacing with other procedures in modeling,two algorithms are designed and presented,of which one is a completely independent parallel procedure with some redundant computations and the other is an optimized version with reduced redundancy.A numerical study indicates that both of the algorithms are practical and can significantly improve the computational performance of intersection analysis for large-scale simulations.Moreover,the preferred application conditions for the two algorithms are also discussed.展开更多
Our previous studies have revealed that amyloidβ（Aβ）-binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide antagonizes Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity. However, whether it improves oxidative stress injury remains uncle...Our previous studies have revealed that amyloidβ（Aβ）-binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide antagonizes Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity. However, whether it improves oxidative stress injury remains unclear. In this study, a recombinant adenovirus constitutively secreting and expressing Aβ-ABAD decoy peptide （rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His） was successfully constructed. Our results showed that rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His increased superoxide dismutase activity in hydro-gen peroxide-induced oxidative stress-mediated injury of PC12 cells. Moreover, rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His decreased malondialdehyde content, intracellular Ca2＋concentration, and the level of reactive oxygen species. rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His maintained the stability of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the ATP level remained constant, and apoptosis was reduced. Overall, the results indicate that rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His generates the fusion peptide, Aβ-ABAD decoy peptide, which effectively protects PC12 cells from oxidative stress injury induced by hy-drogen peroxide, thus exerting neuroprotective effects.展开更多
Inexact mechanism of aerobic granulation still impedes optimization and application of aerobic granules. In this study, the extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek（XDLVO） theory and physicochemical properti...Inexact mechanism of aerobic granulation still impedes optimization and application of aerobic granules. In this study, the extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek（XDLVO） theory and physicochemical properties were combined to assess the aggregation ability of sludge during aerobic granulation process qualitatively and quantitatively. Results show that relative hydrophobicity of sludge and polysaccharide content of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） increased, while electronegativity of sludge decreased during acclimation phase. After 20 days＇ acclimation, small granules began to form due to high aggregation ability of sludge. Since then, coexisted flocs and granules possessed distinct physicochemical properties during granulation and maturation phase. The relative hydrophobicity decreased while electronegativity increased for flocs, whereas that for granules presented reverse trend. Through analyzing the interaction energy using the XDLVO theory, small granules tended to self-grow rather than self-aggregate or attach of flocs due to poor aggregation ability between flocs and granules during the granulation phase. Besides, remaining flocs were unlikely to self-aggregate owing to poor aggregation ability, low hydrophobicity and high electronegativity.展开更多
Amyloid β peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide （DP） can competitively antagonize binding of amyloid β peptide to ABAD and inhibit the cytotoxic effects of amyloid β peptide. Based on pepti...Amyloid β peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide （DP） can competitively antagonize binding of amyloid β peptide to ABAD and inhibit the cytotoxic effects of amyloid β peptide. Based on peptide aptamers, the present study inserted ABAD-DP into the disulfide bond of human thioredoxin （TRX） using molecular cloning technique to construct a fusion gene that can express the TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 aptamer. Moreover, adeno-associated virus was used to allow its stable expression. Immunofluorescent staining revealed the co-expression of the transduced fusion gene TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 and amyloid β peptide in NIH-3T3 cells, indicating that the TRXl-ABAD-DP-TRX2 aptamer can bind amyloid β peptide within cells. In addition, cell morphology and MTT results suggested that TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 attenuated amyloid β peptide-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury and improved cell viability. These findings confirmed the possibility of constructing TRX-based peptide aptamer using ABAD-DP. Moreover, TRXl-ABAD-DP-TRX2 inhibited the cytotoxic effect of amyloid β peptide.展开更多
Daxing’anling is a key region for forest fire prevention in China. Assessing changes in fire risk in the future under multiple climatic scenarios will contribute to our understanding of the influences of climate chan...Daxing’anling is a key region for forest fire prevention in China. Assessing changes in fire risk in the future under multiple climatic scenarios will contribute to our understanding of the influences of climate change for the region and provide a reference for applying adaptive measures for fire management. This study analyzed the changes in fire weather indices and the fire season under four climate scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5) for 2021-2050 using data from five global climate models together with observation data. The results showed that the analog data could project the average state of the climate for a given period but were not effective for simulating extreme weather conditions. Compared with the baseline period (1971-2000), the period 2021-2050 was predicted to have an increase in average temperature of 2.02-2.65 °C and in annual precipitation 25.4-40.3 mm, while the fire weather index (FWI) was predicted to increase by 6.2-11.2% and seasonal severity rating (SSR) by 5.5-17.2%. The DMC (Duff moisture code), ISI (initial spread index), BUI (build-up index), FWI and SSR were predicted to increase significantly under scenarios RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5. Furthermore, days with high or higher fire danger rating were predicted to be prolonged by 3-6 days, with the change in the southern region being greater under scenarios RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5.展开更多
Extracts are important components of fuels. Fatty-extracts with high heating value （HV） are hypothe- sized by researchers as positively related to the HV of fuels. The Soxhlet extractor is typically used to extract ...Extracts are important components of fuels. Fatty-extracts with high heating value （HV） are hypothe- sized by researchers as positively related to the HV of fuels. The Soxhlet extractor is typically used to extract fatty-extracts but it has shortcomings, including long processing time （8-10 h） and the requirement for large amounts of organic solvent. Supercritical extraction is an alternate and useful technique for extraction of natural products. However, published studies rarely discuss the relationship between extracts and HV. In this study, we assessed the supercritical extracts （SUE） of forest fuels in the Great Xing＇an Mountains. Our results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of SuEs were 40-60 mesh, 40-50 MPa, 45℃, 80 min and a CO2 flow rate of 1.5-2.0 dm3/min. The Soxhlet extracts contents and the SuE contents were all related to HV. However, R2 of the coniferous samples （0.8499） and needle samples （0.9722） demonstrated that the correlation between HV and the SuE content was closer. We conclude that supercritical fatty-extracts provide a useful index of the HV of fuels, especially coniferous fuels. SuE data can be used in fire management, for example to estimate the rate of fire spread or fire intensity.展开更多
Underground fires are characterized by smouldering combustion with a slow rate of spread rate and without flames.Although smouldering combustion releases large amounts of gaseous pollutants,it is difficult to discover...Underground fires are characterized by smouldering combustion with a slow rate of spread rate and without flames.Although smouldering combustion releases large amounts of gaseous pollutants,it is difficult to discover by today's forest fire monitoring technologies.Carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))were identified as high concentration marker gases of smouldering combustion-easily-be monitored.According to a two-way ANOVA,combustion time had a significant impact on CO and NO_(x) emissions;smoldering-depth also had a significant impact on NO_(x) emissions but not on CO emissions.Gas emission equations were established by multiple linear regression,C_(co)=156.989-16.626 t and C_(NOx)=3.637-0.252 t-0.039 h.展开更多
Based on in-situ observations in the East China Sea(ECS)during October 2021,we investigated a cross-shelf penetrating front(PF)in the inner shelf and explored its potential biogeochemical-ecological effects from a mul...Based on in-situ observations in the East China Sea(ECS)during October 2021,we investigated a cross-shelf penetrating front(PF)in the inner shelf and explored its potential biogeochemical-ecological effects from a multidisciplinary perspective.The results show that a pronounced tongue-shaped PF was present at the southeast of the Hangzhou Bay,with salinity of 29−32 and a seaward horizontal penetration scale of~200 km.It mainly occurred in the upper layers,and a spatial separation existed between this PF and the bottom salinity front in the northern coastal region off Zhejiang.In contrast,the salinity fronts at surface and bottom were well matched in the southern coastal area.Compared to the surface-to-bottom consistent coastal front in the southern region off Zhejiang,a stronger thermocline and halocline were sustained in the northern PF-dominated region,and suitable conditions could be achieved for phytoplankton growth and accumulation.The in-situ observed high-chlorophyll a(Chl a)zone in a seaward tongue shape was further an important indicator or signal for PF occurrence,and it was responsible for the decoupling of nutrient distributions and PF.The southern coastal front off Zhejiang might largely restrict the seaward transport of nutrients,and the dynamic environment under weak stratification in this region was disadvantageous for the growth of phytoplankton;thus the Chl a content was maintained at a relatively low level near the southern coastal region.Our results demonstrate that the PF combined with the coastal front may play an important role in shaping/regulating hydrodynamics,nutrient distributions and the Chl a regime over the inner ECS shelf.展开更多
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can be easily promoted by antibiotics,however,the structural effects of antibiotics on the proliferation of ARGs dynamic and the associated mechanisms remain obscure in,especially,acti...Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can be easily promoted by antibiotics,however,the structural effects of antibiotics on the proliferation of ARGs dynamic and the associated mechanisms remain obscure in,especially,activated sludge sequencing batch reactors.In the present study,the effects of 9 sulfonamides(SAs)with different structures on the proliferation dynamic of sulfonamide resistance genes(Suls)in the activated sludge sequencing batch reactors and the corresponding mechanisms were determined(30 days),and the results showed that the largest proliferation value(ΔA^(R))of Suls dynamic for SAs(sulfachloropyridazine)was approximately 2.9 times than that of the smallest one(sulfadiazine).The proliferation of Suls was significantly related to the structural features(minHBint6,SssNH,SHBd and SpMax2_Bhm)that represent the biological activity of SAs.To interpret the phenomenon,a mechanistic model was developed and the results indicated that the biodegradation of SAs(T_(1/2))rather than conjugative transfer frequency or mutation frequency tends to be the key process for affecting Suls proliferation.T_(1/2)was proved to be dependent on the interactions between SAs and receptors(E_(binding)),the cleavage mode(bond dissociation energy),and the site of nucleophilic assault.Besides,the metagenomic analysis showed that SAs posed significant effect on antibiotic resistome and Tnp31 played a vital role in the proliferation of Suls.Overall,our findings provide important insight into a theoretical basis for understanding the structural effects of SAs on the proliferation of ARGs in SBR systems.展开更多
In this study,the hydrothermal method was employed to grow submicron CuS on carbon cloth(CC),and the photoreduction method was used to grow Ag nanoparticles on the CuS submicron flowers,thus forming the Ag/CuS/CC cata...In this study,the hydrothermal method was employed to grow submicron CuS on carbon cloth(CC),and the photoreduction method was used to grow Ag nanoparticles on the CuS submicron flowers,thus forming the Ag/CuS/CC catalytic electrode.The application of Ag/CuS/CC electrode-coupled dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma in the disinfection of pathogenic bacteria in water was studied.The Ag/CuS/CC electrode exhibits strong antibacterial activity,and under an external voltage of 30 V,the degradation efficiency of Bacillus subtilis reaches 99.99%within 15 min without regeneration.After five cycles,the inactivation rate of Bacillus subtilis reached 99.99%within 25 min.The practical applicability of the Ag/CuS/CC-coupled DBD system for treating actual wastewater was evaluated,and the changes in biological toxicity were investigated.The results indicate that the prepared Ag/CuS/CC coupled DBD has great potential for safe disinfection of pathogenic bacteria in water through integrated processes.展开更多
Human albumin(HA)is a very important blood product which requires strict quality controlstrategy.Acid precipitation is a key step which has a great effect on the quality of final product.Therefore,a new method based o...Human albumin(HA)is a very important blood product which requires strict quality controlstrategy.Acid precipitation is a key step which has a great effect on the quality of final product.Therefore,a new method based on quality by design(QbD)was proposed to investigate thefeasibility of realizing online quality control with the help of near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)and chemometrics.The pH value is the critical process parameter(CPP)in acid precipitationprocess,which is used as the end-point indicator.Six batches,a total of 74 samples of acidprecipitation process,were simulated in our lab.Four batches were selected randomly as cali-bration set and remaining two batches as validation set.Then,the analysis based on materialinformation and three dfferent variable selection methods,including interval partial least squaresregression(iPLS),competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS)and correlation coeficient(CC)were compared for eliminating irrelevant variables,Fimally,iPLS was used for variablesselection.The quantitative model was built up by partial least squares regression(PLSR).Thevalues of determination coeficients(R^(2)_(C) and R^(2)_(P)),root mean squares error of prediction(RMSEP),root mean squares error of calibration(RMSEC)and root mean squared error of crossvalidation(RMSECV)were 0.969,0.953,0.0496,0.0695 and 0.0826,respectively.The paired t test and repeatability test showed that the model had good prediction ability and stability.The results indicated that PLSR model could give accurate measurement of the pH value.展开更多
Contribution:This paper designs a learning and training platform that can systematically help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis technology.The platform can help radiologists master deep learning theo...Contribution:This paper designs a learning and training platform that can systematically help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis technology.The platform can help radiologists master deep learning theories and medical applications such as the three-dimensional medical decision support system,and strengthen the teaching practice of deep learning related courses in hospitals,so as to help doctors better understand deep learning knowledge and improve the efficiency of auxiliary diagnosis.Background:In recent years,deep learning has been widely used in academia,industry,andmedicine.An increasing number of companies are starting to recruit a large number of professionals in the field of deep learning.Increasing numbers of colleges and universities also offer courses related to deep learning to help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis techniques.For now,however,there is no practical training platform that can help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis systematically.ApplicationDesign:The platform proposes the basic learning,model combat,business application(BMR)concept,including the learning guidance system and the assessment training system,which constitutes a closed-loop learning guidance mode of“learning-assessment-training-learning”.Findings:The survey results show that most of radiologists met their learning expectations by using this platform.The platform can help radiologists master deep learning techniques quickly,comprehensively and firmly.展开更多
SrIrO_(3),a Dirac material with a strong spin-orbit coupling(SOC),is a platform for studying topological properties in strongly correlated systems,where its band structure can be modulated by multiple factors,such as ...SrIrO_(3),a Dirac material with a strong spin-orbit coupling(SOC),is a platform for studying topological properties in strongly correlated systems,where its band structure can be modulated by multiple factors,such as crystal symmetry,elements doping,oxygen vacancies,magnetic field,and temperature.Here,we find that the engineered carrier density plays a critical role on the magnetoelectric transport properties of the topological semimetal SrIrO_(3).The decrease of carrier density subdues the weak localization and the associated negative magnetoresistance,while enhancing the SOC-induced weak anti-localization.Notably,the sample with the lowest carrier density exhibits high-field positive magnetoresistance,suggesting the presence of a Dirac cone.In addition,the anisotropic magnetoresistance indicates the anisotropy of the electronic structure near the Fermi level.The engineering of carrier density provides a general strategy to control the Fermi surface and electronic structure in topological materials.展开更多
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274326)the China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation(No.BWLCF202109)the Seventh Batch of Ten Thousand Talents Plan of China(No.ZX20220553).
文摘Sinter is the core raw material for blast furnaces.Flue pressure,which is an important state parameter,affects sinter quality.In this paper,flue pressure prediction and optimization were studied based on the shapley additive explanation(SHAP)to predict the flue pressure and take targeted adjustment measures.First,the sintering process data were collected and processed.A flue pressure prediction model was then constructed after comparing different feature selection methods and model algorithms using SHAP+extremely random-ized trees(ET).The prediction accuracy of the model within the error range of±0.25 kPa was 92.63%.SHAP analysis was employed to improve the interpretability of the prediction model.The effects of various sintering operation parameters on flue pressure,the relation-ship between the numerical range of key operation parameters and flue pressure,the effect of operation parameter combinations on flue pressure,and the prediction process of the flue pressure prediction model on a single sample were analyzed.A flue pressure optimization module was also constructed and analyzed when the prediction satisfied the judgment conditions.The operating parameter combination was then pushed.The flue pressure was increased by 5.87%during the verification process,achieving a good optimization effect.
基金supported by the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52404343)the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274326)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.N2425031)the Seventh Batch of Ten Thousand Talents Plan of China(No.ZX20220553)the Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program,China(Key Research and Development Program Project)(No.2023JH2/101800058).
文摘The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredictable.”In this study,a blast furnace com-prehensive status score and prediction method based on a cascade system and a combined model were proposed to address this issue.A dual cascade evaluation system was developed by integrating subjective and objective weighting methods.The analytic hierarchy process,coefficient of variation,entropy weight method,and impart combinatorial games were jointly employed to determine the optimal weight distribution across indicators.Categorized statuses(raw material,gas flow,furnace body,furnace cylinder,and iron-slag)were evaluated.Based on the five categories of the status data,the second cascade was applied to upgrade the quantitative evaluation of the comprehens-ive status.The weights of the different categories were 0.22,0.15,0.22,0.21,and 0.20,respectively.According to the data analysis,the results of the comprehensive status score closely matched the on-site production logs.Based on the blast furnace smelting period,the maximal information coefficient method was applied to the 100 parameters that were most relevant to the comprehensive status.A com-bined prediction model for a comprehensive status score was designed using bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)and categorical boosting(CatBoost).The test results indicated that the combined model reduced the mean absolute error by an average of 0.275 and increased the hit rate by an average of 5.65 percentage points compared to BiLSTM or CatBoost alone.When the er-ror range was±2.5,the combined model predicted a hit rate of 91.66%for the next hour’s comprehensive status score,and its high accur-acy was deemed satisfactory for the field.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and regression fitting were applied to analyze the lin-ear quantitative relationship between the key variables and the comprehensive status score.When the furnace bottom center temperature was increased by 10℃,the comprehensive status score increased by 0.44.This method contributes to a more precise management and control of the comprehensive status of the blast furnace on-site.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD1301200 and 2021YFF1000602).
文摘Background Traditional genomic analysis relies on a single reference genome,which struggles to effectively characterize the genetic diversity among populations.This is due to the substantial genetic differences between the genome of the studied species and the reference genome,potentially introducing reference bias.Results In this study,we focused on Guanzhong Black pigs(GZB),Danish Large White pigs(DLW),and their hybrid offspring,Qinchuan Black pigs(QCB).We provided two high-quality parental genomes at the chromosomal level and constructed a parental genomic reference panel to detect SNPs(single nucleotide polymorphisms),INDELs(insertions and deletions),and SVs(structural variations).Compared with the single-reference method,the integrated parental genomic strategy identified 5.48%more SNPs and 67.84%more INDELs.The uniformity of variant distribution and genome functional annotation remained consistent before and after integration,while the ratio of nonreference/non-reference genotypes was also improved.In population genetic structure analysis,principal component analysis(PCA)of the three variant types(SNPs,INDELs,and SVs)exhibited good clustering effects,and ADMIXTURE analysis demonstrated consistent stratification.Selection signal analysis based on the integrated parental genomic strategy successfully identified more differentiated windows and positively selected genes.By leveraging multiple variant types and employing two selection signal methods,we jointly identified several novel intramuscular fat candidate genes(MSMO1,SMC6,CCDC158,KIT,CCNC,etc.),which could not be identified by the single-reference method alone.Functional validation of the gene MSMO1 revealed its role in promoting intramuscular adipocyte proliferation and inhibiting adipogenic differentiation.Conclusions This study is the first to construct a parental genomic reference panel specifically for pig hybrid populations,which significantly reduces reference bias and exhibits superior performance in downstream analyses.This strategy offers new possibilities for genomic selection breeding of livestock and establishes a methodological foundation for precisely dissecting complex traits in hybrid populations.
基金supported by Start-Up Grant From ShanghaiTech University,2021F0209-000-09Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality,23ZR1442000。
文摘Transcranial focused ultrasound(tFUS)is an emerging modality with strong potential for non-invasively treating brain disorders.However,the inhomogeneity and complex structure of the skull induce substantial phase aberrations and pressure attenuation;these can distort and shift the acoustic focus,thus hindering the efficiency of tFUS therapy.To achieve effective treatments,phased array transducers combined with aberration correction algorithms are commonly implemented.The present report aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods used for tFUS phase aberration correction.We first searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for studies on phase aberration correction algorithms,identifying 54 articles for review.Relevant information,including the principles of algorithms and refocusing performances,were then extracted from the selected articles.The phase correction algorithms involved two main steps:acoustic field estimation and transmitted pulse adjustment.Our review identified key benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of these algorithms,each of which was used in at least three studies.These benchmarks included pressure and intensity,positioning error,focal region size,peak sidelobe ratio,and computational efficiency.Algorithm performances varied under different benchmarks,thus highlighting the importance of application-specific algorithm selection for achieving optimal tFUS therapy outcomes.The present review provides a thorough overview and comparison of various phase correction algorithms,and may offer valuable guidance to tFUS researchers when selecting appropriate phase correction algorithms for specific applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China:“The ecological effect and fate of typical nanoparticles in constructed wetland”(No.51479034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2242019K40064)the Graduate Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX18—0125)
文摘Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)have been widely used in many fields,which raised concerns about potential threats to biological sewage treatment systems.In this study,the phosphorus removal performance,enzymatic activity and microbial population dynamics in constructed wetlands(CWs)were evaluated under a long-term exposure to Ag NPs(0,50,and 200μg/L)for 450 days.Results have shown that Ag NPs inhibited the phosphorus removal efficiency in a short-term exposure,whereas caused no obviously negative effects from a long-term perspective.Moreover,in the coexisting CW system of Ag NPs and phosphorus,competition exhibited in the initial exposure phase,however,cooperation between them was observed in later phase.Enzymatic activity of acid-phosphatase at the moderate temperature(10–20℃)was visibly higher than that at the high temperature(20–30℃)and CWs with Ag NPs addition had no appreciable differences compared with the control.High-throughput sequencing results indicated that the microbial richness,diversity and composition of CWs were distinctly affected with the extension of exposure time at different Ag NPs levels.However,the phosphorus removal performance of CWs did not decline with the decrease of polyphosphate accumulating organisms(PAOs),which also confirmed that adsorption precipitation was the main way of phosphorus removal in CWs.The study suggested that Ag NPs and phosphorus could be removed synergistically in the coexistence system.This work has some reference for evaluating the influences of Ag NPs on the phosphorus removal and the interrelation between them in CWs.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2010CB428801,2010CB428804)National High-tech R&D Program of China(863 Program)(2011AA050105)+1 种基金National Science Foundation of China(40972166)National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2011ZX 05060-005).
文摘The discrete fracture network model is a powerful tool for fractured rock mass fluid flow simulations and supports safety assessments of coal mine hazards such as water inrush.Intersection analysis,which identifies all pairs of intersected fractures(the basic components composing the connectivity of a network),is one of its crucial procedures.This paper attempts to improve intersection analysis through parallel computing.Considering a seamless interfacing with other procedures in modeling,two algorithms are designed and presented,of which one is a completely independent parallel procedure with some redundant computations and the other is an optimized version with reduced redundancy.A numerical study indicates that both of the algorithms are practical and can significantly improve the computational performance of intersection analysis for large-scale simulations.Moreover,the preferred application conditions for the two algorithms are also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for the Youth,No.30800338,30801211the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30872721
文摘Our previous studies have revealed that amyloidβ（Aβ）-binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide antagonizes Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity. However, whether it improves oxidative stress injury remains unclear. In this study, a recombinant adenovirus constitutively secreting and expressing Aβ-ABAD decoy peptide （rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His） was successfully constructed. Our results showed that rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His increased superoxide dismutase activity in hydro-gen peroxide-induced oxidative stress-mediated injury of PC12 cells. Moreover, rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His decreased malondialdehyde content, intracellular Ca2＋concentration, and the level of reactive oxygen species. rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His maintained the stability of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, the ATP level remained constant, and apoptosis was reduced. Overall, the results indicate that rAAV/ABAD-DP-6His generates the fusion peptide, Aβ-ABAD decoy peptide, which effectively protects PC12 cells from oxidative stress injury induced by hy-drogen peroxide, thus exerting neuroprotective effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51778344)the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2015EM028)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(No.2015JC025)
文摘Inexact mechanism of aerobic granulation still impedes optimization and application of aerobic granules. In this study, the extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek（XDLVO） theory and physicochemical properties were combined to assess the aggregation ability of sludge during aerobic granulation process qualitatively and quantitatively. Results show that relative hydrophobicity of sludge and polysaccharide content of extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） increased, while electronegativity of sludge decreased during acclimation phase. After 20 days＇ acclimation, small granules began to form due to high aggregation ability of sludge. Since then, coexisted flocs and granules possessed distinct physicochemical properties during granulation and maturation phase. The relative hydrophobicity decreased while electronegativity increased for flocs, whereas that for granules presented reverse trend. Through analyzing the interaction energy using the XDLVO theory, small granules tended to self-grow rather than self-aggregate or attach of flocs due to poor aggregation ability between flocs and granules during the granulation phase. Besides, remaining flocs were unlikely to self-aggregate owing to poor aggregation ability, low hydrophobicity and high electronegativity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30872721the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth,No.30801211,30800338the Scientific Research Foundation for New Teachers of High Institutes,No.200801831073,200801831072
文摘Amyloid β peptide binding alcohol dehydrogenase （ABAD） decoy peptide （DP） can competitively antagonize binding of amyloid β peptide to ABAD and inhibit the cytotoxic effects of amyloid β peptide. Based on peptide aptamers, the present study inserted ABAD-DP into the disulfide bond of human thioredoxin （TRX） using molecular cloning technique to construct a fusion gene that can express the TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 aptamer. Moreover, adeno-associated virus was used to allow its stable expression. Immunofluorescent staining revealed the co-expression of the transduced fusion gene TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 and amyloid β peptide in NIH-3T3 cells, indicating that the TRXl-ABAD-DP-TRX2 aptamer can bind amyloid β peptide within cells. In addition, cell morphology and MTT results suggested that TRX1-ABAD-DP-TRX2 attenuated amyloid β peptide-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury and improved cell viability. These findings confirmed the possibility of constructing TRX-based peptide aptamer using ABAD-DP. Moreover, TRXl-ABAD-DP-TRX2 inhibited the cytotoxic effect of amyloid β peptide.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270695)the National Science and Technology Support Plan(2012BAC19B02)
文摘Daxing’anling is a key region for forest fire prevention in China. Assessing changes in fire risk in the future under multiple climatic scenarios will contribute to our understanding of the influences of climate change for the region and provide a reference for applying adaptive measures for fire management. This study analyzed the changes in fire weather indices and the fire season under four climate scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5) for 2021-2050 using data from five global climate models together with observation data. The results showed that the analog data could project the average state of the climate for a given period but were not effective for simulating extreme weather conditions. Compared with the baseline period (1971-2000), the period 2021-2050 was predicted to have an increase in average temperature of 2.02-2.65 °C and in annual precipitation 25.4-40.3 mm, while the fire weather index (FWI) was predicted to increase by 6.2-11.2% and seasonal severity rating (SSR) by 5.5-17.2%. The DMC (Duff moisture code), ISI (initial spread index), BUI (build-up index), FWI and SSR were predicted to increase significantly under scenarios RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5. Furthermore, days with high or higher fire danger rating were predicted to be prolonged by 3-6 days, with the change in the southern region being greater under scenarios RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number:31170618)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(Grant number2011BAD32B05)
文摘Extracts are important components of fuels. Fatty-extracts with high heating value （HV） are hypothe- sized by researchers as positively related to the HV of fuels. The Soxhlet extractor is typically used to extract fatty-extracts but it has shortcomings, including long processing time （8-10 h） and the requirement for large amounts of organic solvent. Supercritical extraction is an alternate and useful technique for extraction of natural products. However, published studies rarely discuss the relationship between extracts and HV. In this study, we assessed the supercritical extracts （SUE） of forest fuels in the Great Xing＇an Mountains. Our results indicated that the optimum conditions for extraction of SuEs were 40-60 mesh, 40-50 MPa, 45℃, 80 min and a CO2 flow rate of 1.5-2.0 dm3/min. The Soxhlet extracts contents and the SuE contents were all related to HV. However, R2 of the coniferous samples （0.8499） and needle samples （0.9722） demonstrated that the correlation between HV and the SuE content was closer. We conclude that supercritical fatty-extracts provide a useful index of the HV of fuels, especially coniferous fuels. SuE data can be used in fire management, for example to estimate the rate of fire spread or fire intensity.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Plan(2018YFD0600205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971669)。
文摘Underground fires are characterized by smouldering combustion with a slow rate of spread rate and without flames.Although smouldering combustion releases large amounts of gaseous pollutants,it is difficult to discover by today's forest fire monitoring technologies.Carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))were identified as high concentration marker gases of smouldering combustion-easily-be monitored.According to a two-way ANOVA,combustion time had a significant impact on CO and NO_(x) emissions;smoldering-depth also had a significant impact on NO_(x) emissions but not on CO emissions.Gas emission equations were established by multiple linear regression,C_(co)=156.989-16.626 t and C_(NOx)=3.637-0.252 t-0.039 h.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos U23A2033 and 41876085the Basic Scientific Fund of the National Public Research Institutes of China under contract No.2020S03.
文摘Based on in-situ observations in the East China Sea(ECS)during October 2021,we investigated a cross-shelf penetrating front(PF)in the inner shelf and explored its potential biogeochemical-ecological effects from a multidisciplinary perspective.The results show that a pronounced tongue-shaped PF was present at the southeast of the Hangzhou Bay,with salinity of 29−32 and a seaward horizontal penetration scale of~200 km.It mainly occurred in the upper layers,and a spatial separation existed between this PF and the bottom salinity front in the northern coastal region off Zhejiang.In contrast,the salinity fronts at surface and bottom were well matched in the southern coastal area.Compared to the surface-to-bottom consistent coastal front in the southern region off Zhejiang,a stronger thermocline and halocline were sustained in the northern PF-dominated region,and suitable conditions could be achieved for phytoplankton growth and accumulation.The in-situ observed high-chlorophyll a(Chl a)zone in a seaward tongue shape was further an important indicator or signal for PF occurrence,and it was responsible for the decoupling of nutrient distributions and PF.The southern coastal front off Zhejiang might largely restrict the seaward transport of nutrients,and the dynamic environment under weak stratification in this region was disadvantageous for the growth of phytoplankton;thus the Chl a content was maintained at a relatively low level near the southern coastal region.Our results demonstrate that the PF combined with the coastal front may play an important role in shaping/regulating hydrodynamics,nutrient distributions and the Chl a regime over the inner ECS shelf.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.32160303 and 31760165)the Education Department of Jiangxi Province (No.GJJ211001)+1 种基金the Scientific and Technological Project of Ji’an City (No.20211–025333)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (2022)。
文摘Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)can be easily promoted by antibiotics,however,the structural effects of antibiotics on the proliferation of ARGs dynamic and the associated mechanisms remain obscure in,especially,activated sludge sequencing batch reactors.In the present study,the effects of 9 sulfonamides(SAs)with different structures on the proliferation dynamic of sulfonamide resistance genes(Suls)in the activated sludge sequencing batch reactors and the corresponding mechanisms were determined(30 days),and the results showed that the largest proliferation value(ΔA^(R))of Suls dynamic for SAs(sulfachloropyridazine)was approximately 2.9 times than that of the smallest one(sulfadiazine).The proliferation of Suls was significantly related to the structural features(minHBint6,SssNH,SHBd and SpMax2_Bhm)that represent the biological activity of SAs.To interpret the phenomenon,a mechanistic model was developed and the results indicated that the biodegradation of SAs(T_(1/2))rather than conjugative transfer frequency or mutation frequency tends to be the key process for affecting Suls proliferation.T_(1/2)was proved to be dependent on the interactions between SAs and receptors(E_(binding)),the cleavage mode(bond dissociation energy),and the site of nucleophilic assault.Besides,the metagenomic analysis showed that SAs posed significant effect on antibiotic resistome and Tnp31 played a vital role in the proliferation of Suls.Overall,our findings provide important insight into a theoretical basis for understanding the structural effects of SAs on the proliferation of ARGs in SBR systems.
基金funded by the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.GJ202323011)。
文摘In this study,the hydrothermal method was employed to grow submicron CuS on carbon cloth(CC),and the photoreduction method was used to grow Ag nanoparticles on the CuS submicron flowers,thus forming the Ag/CuS/CC catalytic electrode.The application of Ag/CuS/CC electrode-coupled dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma in the disinfection of pathogenic bacteria in water was studied.The Ag/CuS/CC electrode exhibits strong antibacterial activity,and under an external voltage of 30 V,the degradation efficiency of Bacillus subtilis reaches 99.99%within 15 min without regeneration.After five cycles,the inactivation rate of Bacillus subtilis reached 99.99%within 25 min.The practical applicability of the Ag/CuS/CC-coupled DBD system for treating actual wastewater was evaluated,and the changes in biological toxicity were investigated.The results indicate that the prepared Ag/CuS/CC coupled DBD has great potential for safe disinfection of pathogenic bacteria in water through integrated processes.
基金support of the Major Special Project of National Science and Technology(No.2014ZX09508003-001-003)the supply of Supernatant FIV of Shandong Taibang Biological Products Limited Company.
文摘Human albumin(HA)is a very important blood product which requires strict quality controlstrategy.Acid precipitation is a key step which has a great effect on the quality of final product.Therefore,a new method based on quality by design(QbD)was proposed to investigate thefeasibility of realizing online quality control with the help of near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)and chemometrics.The pH value is the critical process parameter(CPP)in acid precipitationprocess,which is used as the end-point indicator.Six batches,a total of 74 samples of acidprecipitation process,were simulated in our lab.Four batches were selected randomly as cali-bration set and remaining two batches as validation set.Then,the analysis based on materialinformation and three dfferent variable selection methods,including interval partial least squaresregression(iPLS),competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS)and correlation coeficient(CC)were compared for eliminating irrelevant variables,Fimally,iPLS was used for variablesselection.The quantitative model was built up by partial least squares regression(PLSR).Thevalues of determination coeficients(R^(2)_(C) and R^(2)_(P)),root mean squares error of prediction(RMSEP),root mean squares error of calibration(RMSEC)and root mean squared error of crossvalidation(RMSECV)were 0.969,0.953,0.0496,0.0695 and 0.0826,respectively.The paired t test and repeatability test showed that the model had good prediction ability and stability.The results indicated that PLSR model could give accurate measurement of the pH value.
基金This work is supported in part by the Major Fundamental Research of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant ZR2019ZD05Joint Fund for Smart Computing of Shandong Natural Science Foundation under Grant ZR2020LZH013+1 种基金the Scientific Research Platform and Projects of Department of Education of Guangdong Province under Grant 2019GKQNCX121the Intelligent Perception and Computing Innovation Platform of the Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology under Grant PT2019E001.
文摘Contribution:This paper designs a learning and training platform that can systematically help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis technology.The platform can help radiologists master deep learning theories and medical applications such as the three-dimensional medical decision support system,and strengthen the teaching practice of deep learning related courses in hospitals,so as to help doctors better understand deep learning knowledge and improve the efficiency of auxiliary diagnosis.Background:In recent years,deep learning has been widely used in academia,industry,andmedicine.An increasing number of companies are starting to recruit a large number of professionals in the field of deep learning.Increasing numbers of colleges and universities also offer courses related to deep learning to help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis techniques.For now,however,there is no practical training platform that can help radiologists learn automated medical image analysis systematically.ApplicationDesign:The platform proposes the basic learning,model combat,business application(BMR)concept,including the learning guidance system and the assessment training system,which constitutes a closed-loop learning guidance mode of“learning-assessment-training-learning”.Findings:The survey results show that most of radiologists met their learning expectations by using this platform.The platform can help radiologists master deep learning techniques quickly,comprehensively and firmly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2350005 and 5227123)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.52225205)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA0718700 and 2023YFA1406500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘SrIrO_(3),a Dirac material with a strong spin-orbit coupling(SOC),is a platform for studying topological properties in strongly correlated systems,where its band structure can be modulated by multiple factors,such as crystal symmetry,elements doping,oxygen vacancies,magnetic field,and temperature.Here,we find that the engineered carrier density plays a critical role on the magnetoelectric transport properties of the topological semimetal SrIrO_(3).The decrease of carrier density subdues the weak localization and the associated negative magnetoresistance,while enhancing the SOC-induced weak anti-localization.Notably,the sample with the lowest carrier density exhibits high-field positive magnetoresistance,suggesting the presence of a Dirac cone.In addition,the anisotropic magnetoresistance indicates the anisotropy of the electronic structure near the Fermi level.The engineering of carrier density provides a general strategy to control the Fermi surface and electronic structure in topological materials.
