Tin sulfide(SnS_(2))is a promising anodematerial for sodium/potassium-ion batteries(SIBs/PIBs)due to its large interlayer spacing and high theoretical capacity.However,its application is hindered by sluggish kinetics,...Tin sulfide(SnS_(2))is a promising anodematerial for sodium/potassium-ion batteries(SIBs/PIBs)due to its large interlayer spacing and high theoretical capacity.However,its application is hindered by sluggish kinetics,volume expansion,and low conductivity.In this work,a synergistic engineering route is proposed that combining environmentally friendly chlorella with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)to achieve green doping and dual-mode confinement SnS_(2)-based anode.The SPANmatrix prevents SnS2 agglomeration,enhances charge transfer,and improves structural stability,while phosphorus(P)doping accelerates“solid‒solid”conversion kinetics.The SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN anode demonstrates outstanding sodium/potassium storage performance across a wide temperature range(‒40◦C to 70◦C),delivering high reversible capacities,excellent rate capability,and exceptional long-term cycling stability.The reliability of the as-developed strategy in a SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN//NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.4)O_(2)full cell is also verified,which shows strong practical potential with high capacity and long durability(241 mAh g^(−1)/800 cycles/0.5 A g^(−1)/25℃;159 mAh g^(−1)/400 cycles/0.5 A g−1/60℃;105 mAh g^(−1)/800 cycles/0.5 A g^(−1)/‒15℃).The associated electrochemical mechanisms of SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN are elucidated through comprehensive electrochemical tests,in/ex situ analyses.The theoretical calculation unveil that P-doping helps to enhance the adsorption capacity of the Na^(+)and discharge products.Thiswork may pave theway for developing promising yet imperfect electrode materials in the field of energy storage.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 22479026,22225902,51502036,21875037,and 2220918National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC3906300Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province 2023J02013,2023YZ038001,Self-Deployment Project Research Program of Haixi Institutes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Young Top Talent of Fujian Young Eagle Program,Educational Commission of Fujian Province.
文摘Tin sulfide(SnS_(2))is a promising anodematerial for sodium/potassium-ion batteries(SIBs/PIBs)due to its large interlayer spacing and high theoretical capacity.However,its application is hindered by sluggish kinetics,volume expansion,and low conductivity.In this work,a synergistic engineering route is proposed that combining environmentally friendly chlorella with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)to achieve green doping and dual-mode confinement SnS_(2)-based anode.The SPANmatrix prevents SnS2 agglomeration,enhances charge transfer,and improves structural stability,while phosphorus(P)doping accelerates“solid‒solid”conversion kinetics.The SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN anode demonstrates outstanding sodium/potassium storage performance across a wide temperature range(‒40◦C to 70◦C),delivering high reversible capacities,excellent rate capability,and exceptional long-term cycling stability.The reliability of the as-developed strategy in a SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN//NaNi_(0.4)Fe_(0.2)Mn_(0.4)O_(2)full cell is also verified,which shows strong practical potential with high capacity and long durability(241 mAh g^(−1)/800 cycles/0.5 A g^(−1)/25℃;159 mAh g^(−1)/400 cycles/0.5 A g−1/60℃;105 mAh g^(−1)/800 cycles/0.5 A g^(−1)/‒15℃).The associated electrochemical mechanisms of SnS_(2)‒P‒SPAN are elucidated through comprehensive electrochemical tests,in/ex situ analyses.The theoretical calculation unveil that P-doping helps to enhance the adsorption capacity of the Na^(+)and discharge products.Thiswork may pave theway for developing promising yet imperfect electrode materials in the field of energy storage.
